]> 2026-10-15T17:59:14-04:00 Key Terms/gzhan stong 0 en gzhan stong gzhan stong The state of being devoid of that which is wholly different rather than being void of its own nature. The term is generally used to refer to the ultimate, or buddha-nature, being empty of other phenomena such as adventitious defiling emotions but not empty of its true nature. There is no monolithic Shentong School but a great variety of ways in which different Tibetan masters understand this term and how they formulate the associated view. A text by the twentieth-century Kagyü scholar Surmang Padma Namgyal (Zur mang pad ma rnam rgyal n.d., 60.3–61.6) lists seven different kinds of views held by various Jonang, Sakya, Kagyü, and Nyingma masters on the distinction between rangtong and shentong (I am indebted to Anne Burchardi for drawing my attention to this text and providing me with a copy of it). According to this text, (1) Dölpopa and his followers hold consciousness to be rangtong and wisdom to be shentong. (2) Śākya Chogden considers phenomena—appearances—as rangtong and the nature of phenomena—luminosity—as shentong. (3) Sabsang Mati Paṇchen maintains subject and object to be rangtong and expanse (dbyings) and wisdom to be shentong. (4) The Thirteenth Karmapa considers saṃsāra to be rangtong and nirvāṇa to be shentong. (5) The Eighth Karmapa and his followers take the pure kāyas and wisdom to be rangtong in terms of their actual mode of being and to be shentong in terms of the way they appear. (6) The Eighth Situpa considers the side of negation as rangtong and the side of affirmation as shentong. (7) The Nyingma master Gédsé Paṇchen from Gaḥto Monastery (Tib. Kaḥ thog dge rtse paṇ chen, 1761–1829) regards the phase of conclusive resolve during meditative equipoise to be rangtong and the phase of clearly distinguishing during subsequent attainment to be shentong. Among these seven views, Padma Namgyal explicitly considers views (4), (6), and (7) to be good positions. Summarizing the seven into three, Padma Namgyal says that Dölpopa asserts wisdom to be shentong, Śākya Chogden holds the expanse to be shentong, and all others take both wisdom and the expanse to be shentong. When summarized into two, the first five are said to present rangtong and shentong mainly by way of what is to be determined, while the latter two do so primarily by way of the means to determine that. Note though (and this complicates matters further) that these seven distinctions are obviously based on three very different categories of comparison in terms of what rangtong and shentong mean. The first—and most common—category takes rangtong and shentong to refer to phenomena as belonging to two different levels of reality (seeming and ultimate), which underlies views (1)–(5). The second category refers to rangtong and shentong as two approaches to conceptually determine the subject in question (6). The third category considers rangtong and shentong as distinct (nonconceptual) experiences or phases in the process of attaining realization (7). - Karl Brunnhölzl, ''[[When the Clouds Part]]'', p. 1018, nt. 532. jo nang pas 'dod pa'i lta ba ste/ yul gzung ba dang yul can 'dzin pa gnyis su med pa rtogs pa'i gzung 'dzin gnyis med kyi ye shes de yongs grub yin la/ de gzhan dbang dang kun btags sogs kun rdzob pa'i chos gzhan gyis stongs pas na gzhan stong zhes zer/ other-emptiness extraneous emptiness emptiness of something else emptiness-of-other other-empty other-emptiness qualified emptiness gzhan stong Adjective zhentong rang stong Tibetan Since adventitious, relative entities do not exist at all in reality, they are empty of their own essences; they are self-empty. The innate ultimate, which is the ultimate emptiness of these relative things, is never nonexistent; therefore, it is other-empty. Dölpopa Sherab Gyaltsen, ''Collected Works'' ('Dzamthang ed., 1998), Vol. 6: 416. Translated by Douglas Duckworth in "Onto-theology and Emptiness: The Nature of Buddha-Nature." (2014), page 1075. གཞན་སྟོང་ Zhentong :དེ་ལ་ཀུན་རྫོབ་གློ་བུར་བའི་དངོས་པོ་རྣམས་ནི་གནས་ལུགས་ལ་གཏན་ནས་མེད་པའི་ཕྱིར་རང་གི་ངོ་བོས་སྟོང་སྟེ་དེ་ནི་རང་སྟོང་ངོ་། ཀུན་རྫོབ་དེ་རྣམས་ཀྱིས་སྟོང་པའི་དོན་དམ་སྟོང་པའི་དོན་དམ་གཉུག་མ་ནི་ནམ་ལང་མེད་པ་མ་ཡིན་པའི་ཕྱིར་གཞན་སྟོང་ངོ་། ::དོལ་པོ་པ་ཤེས་རབ་རྒྱལ་མཚན་ གསུང་འབུམ་ལས་པོད་དྲུག་པ་༤༡༦ (འཛམ་ཐང་: ཕྱིའི་ལོ་༡༩༩༨) gzhan stong gzhan stong;gzhan stong;Zhentong;shentong; zhentong; other-emptiness; empty of other; Zhentong; Shentong; 2019-11-22T18:12:12Z 2458810.2584722 2019-11-22T18:12:12Z 2458810.2584722 true gzhan stong gzhan stong - The state of being devoid of that which is wholly different rather than being void of its own nature. The term is generally used to refer to the ultimate, or buddha-nature, being empty of other phenomena such as adventitious defiling emotions but not empty of its true nature. Tib. གཞན་སྟོང་ Key Terms/gzhan stong shentong zhentong other-emptiness empty of other Zhentong Shentong gzhan stong Gzhan stong 0 1 plainlist 2 [[BuNayTopicTags::Key Terms/gzhan stong]] gzhan stong# QUERYea4eddf5826f2492e34b9aa03e1977b1 0 1 plainlist 3 [[Category:People]] [[AssociateToTerm::~"gzhan stong"]] gzhan stong# QUERYbad203a336348db0f6c3b52a3e61e39e 0 200 1 template 2 [[BuNayTopicTags::Key Terms/gzhan stong]] gzhan stong# QUERYf13e94e25fed9a5fc95e433cb3b3b442 0 0 template commons 1 [[:Gzhan stong]] gzhan stong# QUERYfc882a123e27a5283e258354450a0160 0 200 1 template 4 [[BuNayPageType::Book]] [[BuNayTopicTags::'"`UNIQ--noglossary-00000001-QINU`"']] gzhan stong# QUERYdeaccb987dd73a9eefb126422095761d 0 200 1 template 4 [[BuNayPageType::Article]] [[BuNayTopicTags::'"`UNIQ--noglossary-00000002-QINU`"']] gzhan stong# QUERYca419075ebfe68da31b2ef7f9c9e4e8a 0 200 1 template 5 [[BuNayPageType::Tibetan Text||Sanskrit Text]] [[BuNayTopicTags::'"`UNIQ--noglossary-00000003-QINU`"']] gzhan stong# QUERY450af136e4f541a6a0b5c881abecf8fc 0 200 1 template 4 [[BuNayPageType::Interview]] [[BuNayTopicTags::'"`UNIQ--noglossary-00000004-QINU`"']] gzhan stong# QUERYed0e04464967f795aff30382a134314a 0 200 1 template 5 [[BuNayPageType::Audio||Video]] [[BuNayTopicTags::'"`UNIQ--noglossary-00000005-QINU`"']] gzhan stong# QUERY36b2b0d75c1aa29248be4fc8dc46d428 Books/A Direct Path to the Buddha Within: Go Lotsāwa's Mahāmudrā Interpretation of the Ratnagotravibhāga 0 en A Direct Path to the Buddha Within: Go Lotsāwa's Mahāmudrā Interpretation of the Ratnagotravibhāga Articles/A Late Proponent of the Jo nang gZhan stong Doctrine: Ngag dbang tshogs gnyis rgya mtsho (1880–1940) 0 en A Late Proponent of the Jo nang gZhan stong Doctrine: Ngag dbang tshogs gnyis rgya mtsho (1880–1940) Articles/A Look at the Diversity of the Gzhan stong Tradition 0 en A Look at the Diversity of the Gzhan stong Tradition Articles/A Tree In The West: Competing Tathāgatagarbha Theories in Tibet 0 en A Tree In The West: Competing Tathāgatagarbha Theories in Tibet Articles/Buddha by Nature or Buddha by Nurture: Deliberations on the Buddha-Nature Theory in the Nyingma Tradition by Dorji Wangchuk: Conversations on Buddha-Nature 0 en Buddha by Nature or Buddha by Nurture: Deliberations on the Buddha-Nature Theory in the Nyingma Tradition by Dorji Wangchuk: Conversations on Buddha-Nature Books/Buddha-Nature and a Dialectic of Presence and Absence in the Works of Mi-pham 0 en Buddha-Nature and a Dialectic of Presence and Absence in the Works of Mi-pham Articles/Can We Speak of Kadam Gzhan Stong? Tracing the Sources for Other-Emptiness in Early-Fourteenth-Century Tibet 0 en Can We Speak of Kadam Gzhan Stong? Tracing the Sources for Other-Emptiness in Early-Fourteenth-Century Tibet Articles/Did ’Gos lo tsā ba gZhon nu dpal (1392–1481) Espouse a gZhan stong View? 0 en Did ’Gos lo tsā ba gZhon nu dpal (1392–1481) Espouse a gZhan stong View? Books/Die Anwendung der Tathagatagarbha-Lehre 0 en Die Anwendung der Tathagatagarbha-Lehre Books/Dolopopa's Mountian Dharma (Thrangu 2023) 0 en Dolopopa's Mountian Dharma (Thrangu 2023) Media/Dorji Wangchuk: Buddha by Nature or Buddha by Nurture? On the Views of Rongzompa, Longchenpa, and Mipam 0 en Dorji Wangchuk: Buddha by Nature or Buddha by Nurture? On the Views of Rongzompa, Longchenpa, and Mipam Media/Dorji Wangchuk: Is "Other-Emptiness" Taught as Part of the Curriculum in Nyingma Shedras Today? 0 en Dorji Wangchuk: Is "Other-Emptiness" Taught as Part of the Curriculum in Nyingma Shedras Today? Media/Douglas Duckworth at the 2019 Tathāgatagarbha Symposium 0 en Douglas Duckworth at the 2019 Tathāgatagarbha Symposium Articles/Elucidating the Zhentong View: A Condensation of the Threefold Nature of Reality 0 en Elucidating the Zhentong View: A Condensation of the Threefold Nature of Reality Articles/Emptiness–Buddhanature 0 en Emptiness–Buddhanature Media/Filippo Brambilla at the 2019 Tathāgatagarbha Symposium 0 en Filippo Brambilla at the 2019 Tathāgatagarbha Symposium Books/Frameworks of Buddhist Philosophy 0 en Frameworks of Buddhist Philosophy Articles/From the Three Natures to the Two Natures: On a Fluid Approach to the Two Versions of Other-Emptiness from Fifteenth-Century Tibet 0 en From the Three Natures to the Two Natures: On a Fluid Approach to the Two Versions of Other-Emptiness from Fifteenth-Century Tibet Articles/Grounds of Buddha-Nature in Tibet 0 en Grounds of Buddha-Nature in Tibet Articles/How Can a Momentary and Conditioned Mind Be Integral to Gzhan Stong? 0 en How Can a Momentary and Conditioned Mind Be Integral to Gzhan Stong? Books/In Praise of Dharmadhātu 0 en In Praise of Dharmadhātu Articles/Introduction to Other-Emptiness and the Great Middle Way 0 en Introduction to Other-Emptiness and the Great Middle Way Articles/Introduction: The History of the Rang stong-Gzhan stong Distinction from Its Beginning through the Ris-med Movement 0 en Introduction: The History of the Rang stong-Gzhan stong Distinction from Its Beginning through the Ris-med Movement Media/Karl Brunnhölzl: On the Rang stong-Gzhan stong Debate 0 en Karl Brunnhölzl: On the Rang stong-Gzhan stong Debate Media/Karl Brunnhölzl: On the Third Karmapa Rangjung Dorje's View of Buddha-Nature 0 en Karl Brunnhölzl: On the Third Karmapa Rangjung Dorje's View of Buddha-Nature Articles/Kaḥ thog Dge rtse Mahāpaṇḍita's Doxographical Position: The Great Madhyamaka of Other-Emptiness (gzhan stong dbu ma chen po) 0 en Kaḥ thog Dge rtse Mahāpaṇḍita's Doxographical Position: The Great Madhyamaka of Other-Emptiness (gzhan stong dbu ma chen po) Media/Khenpo Ngawang Jorden at the 2019 Tathāgatagarbha Symposium 0 en Khenpo Ngawang Jorden at the 2019 Tathāgatagarbha Symposium Media/Khenpo Tenzin Norgay: On the Position of Mipam vis-à-vis the Rang stong and Gzhan stong Debate 0 en Khenpo Tenzin Norgay: On the Position of Mipam vis-à-vis the Rang stong and Gzhan stong Debate Media/Klaus-Dieter Mathes at the 2019 Tathāgatagarbha Symposium 0 en Klaus-Dieter Mathes at the 2019 Tathāgatagarbha Symposium Articles/Kong sprul on the Great Madhyamaka of Other-Emptiness: Theory and Practice 0 en Kong sprul on the Great Madhyamaka of Other-Emptiness: Theory and Practice Media/Lama Shenpen Hookham: On Explaining the Shentong View to Beginners 0 en Lama Shenpen Hookham: On Explaining the Shentong View to Beginners Media/Lama Shenpen Hookham: On Her Approach to the Rangtong and Shentong Debate over the Nature of Reality 0 en Lama Shenpen Hookham: On Her Approach to the Rangtong and Shentong Debate over the Nature of Reality Media/Lama Shenpen Hookham: On How the Prajñāpāramitā Tradition Promotes a Shentong View 0 en Lama Shenpen Hookham: On How the Prajñāpāramitā Tradition Promotes a Shentong View Media/Lama Shenpen Speaks on Buddha Nature 0 en Lama Shenpen Speaks on Buddha Nature Books/Le Bouddha du Dolpo 0 en Le Bouddha du Dolpo Books/Luminous Heart 0 en Luminous Heart Books/Mahamudra and the Middle Way - Vol. 2 0 en Mahamudra and the Middle Way - Vol. 2 Books/Mahāyāna Buddhism: The Doctrinal Foundations 0 en Mahāyāna Buddhism: The Doctrinal Foundations Media/Michael Sheehy at the 2019 Tathāgatagarbha Symposium 0 en Michael Sheehy at the 2019 Tathāgatagarbha Symposium Books/Mind Seeing Mind 0 en Mind Seeing Mind Books/Mountain Doctrine: Tibet's Fundamental Treatise on Other-Emptiness and the Buddha-Matrix 0 en Mountain Doctrine: Tibet's Fundamental Treatise on Other-Emptiness and the Buddha-Matrix Articles/Non-representational Language in Mipam's Representation of Other-emptiness 0 en Non-representational Language in Mipam's Representation of Other-emptiness Media/On Jamgon Kongtrul and the Different Approaches to Understanding Buddha-Nature by Ringu Tulku 0 en On Jamgon Kongtrul and the Different Approaches to Understanding Buddha-Nature by Ringu Tulku Media/On Rangtong and Shentong Views of Buddha-Nature by Tokpa Tulku 0 en On Rangtong and Shentong Views of Buddha-Nature by Tokpa Tulku Media/On the Future of Buddha-Nature Studies by Karl Brunnhölzl 0 en On the Future of Buddha-Nature Studies by Karl Brunnhölzl Articles/Onto-theology and Emptiness: The Nature of Buddha-Nature 0 en Onto-theology and Emptiness: The Nature of Buddha-Nature Articles/Other-Emptiness in the Jonang School: The Theo-logic of Buddhist Dualism 0 en Other-Emptiness in the Jonang School: The Theo-logic of Buddhist Dualism Articles/Practical Implications of Shentong Interpretations of Tathāgatagarbha by Lama Shenpen Hookham 0 en Practical Implications of Shentong Interpretations of Tathāgatagarbha by Lama Shenpen Hookham Books/Prajñāpāramitā, Indian "gzhan stong pas", and the Beginning of Tibetan gzhan stong 0 en Prajñāpāramitā, Indian "gzhan stong pas", and the Beginning of Tibetan gzhan stong Articles/Presenting a Controversial Doctrine in a Conciliatory Way: Mkhan chen Gang shar dbang po's (1925–1958-59?) Inclusion of Gzhan stong ("Emptiness of Other") within Prāsaṅgika 0 en Presenting a Controversial Doctrine in a Conciliatory Way: Mkhan chen Gang shar dbang po's (1925–1958-59?) Inclusion of Gzhan stong ("Emptiness of Other") within Prāsaṅgika Books/Progressive Stages of Meditation on Emptiness (2016) 0 en Progressive Stages of Meditation on Emptiness (2016) Articles/Putting Buddha Nature into Practice 0 en Putting Buddha Nature into Practice Media/Shenpen Hookham at the 2019 Tathāgatagarbha Symposium 0 en Shenpen Hookham at the 2019 Tathāgatagarbha Symposium Articles/Shentong – An Introduction 0 en Shentong – An Introduction Media/Sina Joos at the 2019 Tathāgatagarbha Symposium 0 en Sina Joos at the 2019 Tathāgatagarbha Symposium Articles/Tathāgatagarbha from the Perspective of Karma pa Mi bskyod rdo rje as Presented in His Lamp that Eloquently Highlights the Tradition of the Gzhan stong Madhyamaka Proponents 0 en Tathāgatagarbha from the Perspective of Karma pa Mi bskyod rdo rje as Presented in His Lamp that Eloquently Highlights the Tradition of the Gzhan stong Madhyamaka Proponents Books/The Buddha Within (Hookham) 0 en The Buddha Within (Hookham) Articles/The Buddha Within: Tathagatagarbha Doctrine According to the Shentong Interpretation of the Ratnagotravibhāga-Review by Ehrhard 0 en The Buddha Within: Tathagatagarbha Doctrine According to the Shentong Interpretation of the Ratnagotravibhāga-Review by Ehrhard Articles/The Buddha Within: Tathagatagarbha Doctrine according to the Shentong Interpretation of the Ratnagotravibhaga-Review by Griffiths 0 en The Buddha Within: Tathagatagarbha Doctrine according to the Shentong Interpretation of the Ratnagotravibhaga-Review by Griffiths Articles/The Buddha Within: Tathagatagarbha Doctrine according to the Shentong Interpretation of the Ratnagotravibhāga-Review by Gimello 0 en The Buddha Within: Tathagatagarbha Doctrine according to the Shentong Interpretation of the Ratnagotravibhāga-Review by Gimello Articles/The Buddha Within: Tathagatagarbha Doctrine according to the Shentong Interpretation of the Ratnagotravibhāga-Review by Need 0 en The Buddha Within: Tathagatagarbha Doctrine according to the Shentong Interpretation of the Ratnagotravibhāga-Review by Need Books/The Buddha from Dolpo (2010) 0 en The Buddha from Dolpo (2010) Books/The Center of the Sunlit Sky 0 en The Center of the Sunlit Sky Books/The Essence of Other-Emptiness 0 en The Essence of Other-Emptiness Articles/The Essence of Zhentong 0 en The Essence of Zhentong Books/The Gzhan stong Chen mo 0 en The Gzhan stong Chen mo Articles/The Gzhan stong Model of Reality: Some More Material on Its Origin, Transmission, and Interpretation 0 en The Gzhan stong Model of Reality: Some More Material on Its Origin, Transmission, and Interpretation Media/The Heart Sutra and the Shentong View 0 en The Heart Sutra and the Shentong View Books/The Lion's Roar That Proclaims Zhantong 0 en The Lion's Roar That Proclaims Zhantong Books/The Lion’s Roar Proclaiming Emptiness of Other 0 en The Lion’s Roar Proclaiming Emptiness of Other Articles/The Logic of Liberation: Epistemology as a Path to the Realization of Mahāmudrā 0 en The Logic of Liberation: Epistemology as a Path to the Realization of Mahāmudrā Articles/The Original Ratnagotravibhāga and Its Yogāçāra Interpretation as Possible Indian Precedents of Gzhan stong ("Empti-ness of Other") 0 en The Original Ratnagotravibhāga and Its Yogāçāra Interpretation as Possible Indian Precedents of Gzhan stong ("Empti-ness of Other") Articles/The Ornament of the Buddha-Nature: Dge rtse Mahāpaṇḍita's Exposition of the Great Madhyamaka of Other-Emptiness 0 en The Ornament of the Buddha-Nature: Dge rtse Mahāpaṇḍita's Exposition of the Great Madhyamaka of Other-Emptiness Books/The Other Emptiness: Entering Wisdom Beyond Emptiness of Self 0 en The Other Emptiness: Entering Wisdom Beyond Emptiness of Self Books/The Other Emptiness: Rethinking the Zhentong Buddhist Discourse in Tibet 0 en The Other Emptiness: Rethinking the Zhentong Buddhist Discourse in Tibet Articles/The Practical Implications of the Doctrine of Buddha-nature 0 en The Practical Implications of the Doctrine of Buddha-nature Articles/The Role of Rang Rig in the Pramāṇa-Based Gzhan Stong of the Seventh Karma pa 0 en The Role of Rang Rig in the Pramāṇa-Based Gzhan Stong of the Seventh Karma pa Media/The Shentong Interpretation of Tathagatagarbha Doctrine 0 en The Shentong Interpretation of Tathagatagarbha Doctrine Articles/The Sky Dragon's Profound Roar 0 en The Sky Dragon's Profound Roar Books/The Soteriological Epistemology of the Seventh Karma pa 0 en The Soteriological Epistemology of the Seventh Karma pa Books/The Uttaratantra in the Age of Argumentation: Dolpopa Sherab Gyaltsen and His Fourteenth-Century Interlocutors on Buddha-Lineage 0 en The Uttaratantra in the Age of Argumentation: Dolpopa Sherab Gyaltsen and His Fourteenth-Century Interlocutors on Buddha-Lineage Books/The Uttaratantra in the Land of Snows 0 en The Uttaratantra in the Land of Snows Articles/Tokpa Tulku Interview on Buddha-Nature 0 en Tokpa Tulku Interview on Buddha-Nature Articles/Tāranātha's "Twenty-One Differences with Regard to the Profound Meaning" 0 en Tāranātha's "Twenty-One Differences with Regard to the Profound Meaning" Books/Visions of Unity 0 en Visions of Unity Articles/We Are All Gzhan stong pas: Reflections on the Reflexive Nature of Awareness: A Tibetan Madhyamaka Defence by Paul Williams 0 en We Are All Gzhan stong pas: Reflections on the Reflexive Nature of Awareness: A Tibetan Madhyamaka Defence by Paul Williams Articles/What Is My Mind without Me? Buddha-Nature in the Karma Kagyu School by Karl Brunnhölzl 0 en What Is My Mind without Me? Buddha-Nature in the Karma Kagyu School by Karl Brunnhölzl Texts/Theg pa chen po rgyud bla ma'i bstan bcos legs bshad nyi ma'i 'od zer 0 en '"`UNIQ--noglossary-00000000-QINU`"' Texts/Gzhan stong dbu ma chen po'i lta khrid rdo rje zla ba dri ma med pa'i 'od zer 0 en '"`UNIQ--noglossary-00000000-QINU`"' Texts/Dbu ma gzhan stong smra ba'i srol legs par phye ba'i sgron me 0 en '"`UNIQ--noglossary-00000000-QINU`"' Texts/Rgyud bla ma'i 'grel pa mdo dang sbyar ba nges pa'i don gyi snang ba 0 en '"`UNIQ--noglossary-00000000-QINU`"' Texts/Theg pa chen po rgyud bla ma rgyan gyi me tog 0 en '"`UNIQ--noglossary-00000000-QINU`"' Texts/Gzhan stong khas len seng ge'i nga ro 0 en '"`UNIQ--noglossary-00000000-QINU`"' Texts/Gzhan stong dbu ma'i rgyan 0 en '"`UNIQ--noglossary-00000000-QINU`"' Texts/Gzhan stong dbu ma'i rgyan gyi lung sbyor 0 en '"`UNIQ--noglossary-00000000-QINU`"' Texts/Gzhan stong snying po 0 en '"`UNIQ--noglossary-00000000-QINU`"' Texts/Theg mchog shin tu rgyas pa'i dbu ma chen po rnam par nges pa 0 en '"`UNIQ--noglossary-00000000-QINU`"' Texts/Gzhan stong chen mo 0 en '"`UNIQ--noglossary-00000000-QINU`"' Texts/Theg mchog shin tu rgyas pa'i dbu ma chen po rnam par nges pa'i rnam bshad zin bris dbu phyogs legs pa 0 en '"`UNIQ--noglossary-00000000-QINU`"' Texts/Kun mkhyen jo nang pa chen po'i dgongs pa gzhan stong dbu ma'i tshul legs pa bshad mthar 'dzin gdung 'phrog 0 en '"`UNIQ--noglossary-00000000-QINU`"' Texts/Ri chos nges don rgya mtsho zhes bya ba mthar thug thun mong ma yin pa'i man ngag 0 en '"`UNIQ--noglossary-00000000-QINU`"' Texts/Gzhan stong lta khrid 0 en '"`UNIQ--noglossary-00000000-QINU`"' Texts/Bka' bsdu bzhi pa'i don bstan rtsis chen po 0 en '"`UNIQ--noglossary-00000000-QINU`"' Texts/Dpon byang ba'i phyag tu phul ba'i chos kyi shan 'byed 0 en '"`UNIQ--noglossary-00000000-QINU`"' Texts/Zab mo gzhan stong dbu ma'i brgyud 'debs 0 en '"`UNIQ--noglossary-00000000-QINU`"' Texts/Gzhan stong dbu ma'i rnam gzhag snying por dril ba 0 en '"`UNIQ--noglossary-00000000-QINU`"' Texts/Chen po gzhan stong gi lta ba dang 'brel ba'i phyag rgya chen po'i smon lam gyi rnam bshad nges don dbyings kyi rol mo 0 en '"`UNIQ--noglossary-00000A69-QINU`"' Shentong 0 en Shentong BuNayTopicTags 102 en BuNayTopicTags REDI 102 en REDI