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one-pointed concentrated meditation, and analytical meditation on Emptiness
zhi gnas lhag mthong;Calm and Insight,Quietude and Insight;calm and insight,quietude and insight;śamatha-vipaśyanā;one-pointed concentrated meditation, and analytical meditation on Emptiness
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kun mkhyen,thams cad mkhyen pa,rnam mkhyen sa;Omniscience;omniscience;sarva-jñatā;Buddhahood
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spyod rgyud;Caryā-tantra;second of the four levels of Tantra
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the Perfection of Wisdom, esp. as a branch of literature and study; (''sher phyin ma''): the Perfection of Wisdom as a female deity.
shes rab kyi pha rol tu phyin pa,phar phyin;Prajñā-pāramitā;the Perfection of Wisdom, esp. as a branch of literature and study;(''sher phyin ma''): the Perfection of Wisdom as a female deity.
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the seven p. are the familiar Sun, Moon, Mars, Mercury, Jupiter, Venus and Saturn; the eighth is the fictitious and malevolent Rāhu, causer of eclipses. Often a ninth is added, Ketu, the comet, likewise evil and fictitious.
graha,gza';Planets;planets;graha;the seven p. are the familiar Sun, Moon, Mars, Mercury, Jupiter, Venus and Saturn;the eighth is the fictitious and malevolent Rāhu, causer of eclipses. Often a ninth is added, Ketu, the comet, likewise evil and fictitious.
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bzod pa;Patience;patience;kṣānti,titikṣā;the third Perfection.
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the cessation of everything samsaric such as ignorance and suffering, the Liberation of an ''Arhant'' or a Buddha. Hīnayāna ''Nirvāṇa'' is supremely blissful but unhelpful to others, and the ''Arhant'' must eventually abandon that self-absorbed state and enter the Mahāyāna. '' 'Nirvāṇa' '' is also used for the passing away of a Buddha (and sometimes for that of other, presumably saintly persons), 'the N/ being the passing of 'the Buddha', Śākyamuni; when we ask Buddhas not to enter N., they are of course in N. already in one sense, but we want them to continue manifesting themselves, not to pass away. Non-conceptual (nirvikalpa, mam par mi rtog (pa)).
mya ngan las 'das pa,in compounds zhi;Nirvāṇa;the cessation of everything samsaric such as ignorance and suffering, the Liberation of an ''Arhant'' or a Buddha. Hīnayāna ''Nirvāṇa'' is supremely blissful but unhelpful to others, and the ''Arhant'' must eventually abandon that self-absorbed state and enter the Mahāyāna. '' 'Nirvāṇa' '' is also used for the passing away of a Buddha (and sometimes for that of other, presumably saintly persons), 'the N/ being the passing of 'the Buddha', Śākyamuni;when we ask Buddhas not to enter N., they are of course in N. already in one sense, but we want them to continue manifesting themselves, not to pass away. Non-conceptual (nirvikalpa, mam par mi rtog (pa)).
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sa bdag;Earth-owning spirits;earth-owning spirits
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''Anuttara-yoga-tantra'' is divided into two main Stages, first the Stage of Generation, then when that is perfected, the Completing Stage.
rim pa;Stages,two;stages,two;krama;''Anuttara-yoga-tantra'' is divided into two main Stages, first the Stage of Generation, then when that is perfected, the Completing Stage.
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tshul khrims;Morality;morality;śīla;the second Perfection.
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as a Tantric implement, symbolizes the Wisdom that directly comprehends Emptiness. It is held in the left hand (female side), while the ''vajra'' is held in the right
dril bu;Bell;bell;ghaṇṭ;as a Tantric implement, symbolizes the Wisdom that directly comprehends Emptiness. It is held in the left hand (female side), while the ''vajra'' is held in the right
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beings of the underworld and the waters, classed as animals. They generally live in the form of snakes, but many can change into human form and they are often depicted as human from the waist up with a serpent's tail below. They are supposed to control the weather, especially rain.
klu,klu mo;Nāga,fem. nāgī;beings of the underworld and the waters, classed as animals. They generally live in the form of snakes, but many can change into human form and they are often depicted as human from the waist up with a serpent's tail below. They are supposed to control the weather, especially rain.
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rite for summoning or controlling another person.
dbang du bsdu ba;Subjugating,subduing;subjugating,subduing;vaśya;rite for summoning or controlling another person.
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male organ, especially as emblem of Śiva.
Liṅgaṃ;male organ, especially as emblem of Śiva.
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epithet of the Buddha Śākya-muni ('the Sage of the Śākyas').
thub pa chen po;Sage,the Great;sage,the great;maha-muni;epithet of the Buddha Śākya-muni ('the Sage of the Śākyas').
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a Buddhist monastery or monastic college.
gtsug lag khang;Vihāra;a Buddhist monastery or monastic college.
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Tantras of the ''Anuttara-yoga'' class are divided into Father-tantras such as the ''Guhyasamāja'', which emphasize the Method side, the practice of the Illusory Body; and Mother-tantras such as the ''Saṃvara'' and ''Hevajra'', which emphasize more the Wisdom side, the indivisibility of Bliss and Emptiness. See Lessing & Wayman, 260—267.
ma rgyud;Mother-tantra;mother-tantra;Tantras of the ''Anuttara-yoga'' class are divided into Father-tantras such as the ''Guhyasamāja'', which emphasize the Method side, the practice of the Illusory Body;and Mother-tantras such as the ''Saṃvara'' and ''Hevajra'', which emphasize more the Wisdom side, the indivisibility of Bliss and Emptiness. See Lessing & Wayman, 260—267.
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dam chos;True Dharma;true dharma;sad-dharma;the Law of the Buddhas.
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a large mythical bird, which eats snakes.
nam mkha' lding;Garuḍa;a large mythical bird, which eats snakes.
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a means to Liberation; in the 'Lotus Sūtra' (Sad-dharma-puṇḍarīka-sūtra) the various V. are compared to carts of different sizes. 'Both V.' (theg pa che chung, lit. 'the Great and Small V.') means the Hīnayāna and Mahāyāna, the latter being also called the V. of the Perfect Buddhas. 'The Supreme V.' (theg mchog) is Tantra, the Vajrayāna, strictly speaking included in the Mahāyāna. The three V., in the present book, are Hīnayāna, (non-tantric) Mahāyāna, and Vajrayāna.
theg pa;Vehicle;vehicle;yāna;a means to Liberation;in the 'Lotus Sūtra' (Sad-dharma-puṇḍarīka-sūtra) the various V. are compared to carts of different sizes. 'Both V.' (theg pa che chung, lit. 'the Great and Small V.') means the Hīnayāna and Mahāyāna, the latter being also called the V. of the Perfect Buddhas. 'The Supreme V.' (theg mchog) is Tantra, the Vajrayāna, strictly speaking included in the Mahāyāna. The three V., in the present book, are Hīnayāna, (non-tantric) Mahāyāna, and Vajrayāna.
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'phrin las;Divine activity;divine activity;karman;see Action.
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bde gshegs sras po;Sugatas' Offspring;sugatas' offspring;Sugata-suta;Bodhisattva.
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one who has taken Refuge in the Three Jewels and vows of pure moral conduct — to abandon killing, stealing, sexual misconduct, lying and drinking alcohol.
dge bsnyen;Lay follower,layman;lay follower,layman;upāsaka;one who has taken Refuge in the Three Jewels and vows of pure moral conduct — to abandon killing, stealing, sexual misconduct, lying and drinking alcohol.
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byams sems;Friendly-minded;friendly-minded;maitrī-citta;Bodhisattva
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fem. a class of semidivine beings, generally beneficent but sometimes malignant so that it is well to propitiate them with offerings. Many are local divinities of the countryside, often dwelling in sacred trees and guarding the treasure buried nearby. Others live on Mount Meru, guarding the realm of the gods. They are ruled by ĸubera, the god of wealth and guardian of the northern quarter.
gnod sbyin mo;yaksī;fem. a class of semidivine beings, generally beneficent but sometimes malignant so that it is well to propitiate them with offerings. Many are local divinities of the countryside, often dwelling in sacred trees and guarding the treasure buried nearby. Others live on Mount Meru, guarding the realm of the gods. They are ruled by ĸubera, the god of wealth and guardian of the northern quarter.
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the states in which there is no opportunity to practise the Dharma, namely being born in hell, as an animal, as a ''preta'', among the long-lived gods, or in a barbaric country where there are no Buddhist monastics or lay followers; being dull-witted, deaf and dumb; being addicted to perverse views such as disbelief in rebirth or Liberation; and when no Buddha has appeared and taught the Dharma.
mi khom pa;Leisureless states,the eight;leisureless states,the eight;a-kṣaṇa;the states in which there is no opportunity to practise the Dharma, namely being born in hell, as an animal, as a ''preta'', among the long-lived gods, or in a barbaric country where there are no Buddhist monastics or lay followers;being dull-witted, deaf and dumb;being addicted to perverse views such as disbelief in rebirth or Liberation;and when no Buddha has appeared and taught the Dharma.
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dpa' mo,dpa' mdzad ma;Heroine;heroine;vīrā;fem. of Hero (dpa' bo)
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see Friendliness; 'Love' also translates ''brtse (ba)'', which includes compassion or mercy.
byams pa;Love,Loving-kindness;love,loving-kindness;maitrī;see Friendliness;'Love' also translates ''brtse (ba)'', which includes compassion or mercy.
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Awakening to Buddhahood from the sleep of ignorance, perfect knowledge
byang chub;Enlightenment,Awakening;enlightenment,awakening;bodhi;Awakening to Buddhahood from the sleep of ignorance, perfect knowledge
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for the activity of a Buddha, or for Tantric rites, Tib. often uses the honorific (')''phrin las'', which I have sometimes translated as 'divine action' or 'divine activity'. The 'four activities' or 'four rites' are Pacifying or Calming, Increasing, Subjugating or Subduing, and Fierceness
las,phrin las,'phrin las;Action,act,activity,rite;action,act,activity,rite;karman;for the activity of a Buddha, or for Tantric rites, Tib. often uses the honorific (')''phrin las'', which I have sometimes translated as 'divine action' or 'divine activity'. The 'four activities' or 'four rites' are Pacifying or Calming, Increasing, Subjugating or Subduing, and Fierceness
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grib gnon;Polluting demons;polluting demons;chāyā;Skt. lit. shadow', 'shade'.
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Enlightened Being taken as an object of practice
lha,lha mo;Deity;deity;deva,devī;Enlightened Being taken as an object of practice
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1. see Calm and Insight. 2. Path of I. (''darśana-mārga, mthong lam''): the realization of direct insight into Ultimate Reality, whereby one becomes an ''Ārya''. 3. What is abandoned by I. (''darśana-heya, mthong spang''): many defilements, with the mental and non-mental factors associated with them, are eliminated by this realization.
mthong lam,mthong spang;Insight,Path of Insight,What is abandoned by Insight.;insight,path of insight,what is abandoned by insight.;darśana-mārga,darśana-heya;1. see Calm and Insight. 2. Path of I. (''darśana-mārga, mthong lam''): the realization of direct insight into Ultimate Reality, whereby one becomes an ''Ārya''. 3. What is abandoned by I. (''darśana-heya, mthong spang''): many defilements, with the mental and non-mental factors associated with them, are eliminated by this realization.
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n. of a Hindu god with an elephant's head, who both creates and removes obstacles, lord (''īśa'') of the troop (''gaṇa'') of subordinate gods attendant on Śiva. His title ''Vināyaka'' 'Remover (of obstacles)' is deliberately misinterpreted by Buddhists as 'Leader-astray' (Tib. ''log 'dren'')
tshogs bdag;Gaṇeśa;n. of a Hindu god with an elephant's head, who both creates and removes obstacles, lord (''īśa'') of the troop (''gaṇa'') of subordinate gods attendant on Śiva. His title ''Vināyaka'' 'Remover (of obstacles)' is deliberately misinterpreted by Buddhists as 'Leader-astray' (Tib. ''log 'dren'')
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a realm inhabited entirely by ''Ārya'' Bodhisattvas, where Buddhas teach in ''Saṃbhoga-kaya'' form.
zhing khams,zhing mchog,dag pa'i zhing;Pure Land;pure land;a realm inhabited entirely by ''Ārya'' Bodhisattvas, where Buddhas teach in ''Saṃbhoga-kaya'' form.
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bde 'gro;Happy realm;happy realm;good destiny
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''Rottleria tinctoria'' or ''Calophyllum inophyllum''.
shing pun na ga;Punnāga tree;punnāga tree;punnāga-vṛkṣa;''Rottleria tinctoria'' or ''Calophyllum inophyllum''.
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gti mug,rmongs pa;Delusion;delusion;moha;most important of the three poisons
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because mantras play such a key role in its practice, Tantra or Vajrayāna is often called Mantra, or the M. Vehicle. Their nature is discussed in many books, such as Lama Govinda's.
sngags,rig sngags,rig pa,gsang sngags;mantra,vidyā,guhya-mantra;Mantra;mantra;because mantras play such a key role in its practice, Tantra or Vajrayāna is often called Mantra, or the M. Vehicle. Their nature is discussed in many books, such as Lama Govinda's.
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a teacher, in certain instructional or ritual functions such as advising a translator or giving ordination (see also Preceptor).
mkhan po;Upādhyāya;a teacher, in certain instructional or ritual functions such as advising a translator or giving ordination (see also Preceptor).
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besides the Bodhisattva vows and (in the higher classes of Tantra) the Tantric vows, one receiving a Tantric empowerment has to take numerous pledges, which must be kept purely if the practice is to be successful. See Tsong-ka-pa, ''The Yoga of Tibet'', 69—76; Beyer, 406-7.
dam tshig;Pledge;pledge;samaya;besides the Bodhisattva vows and (in the higher classes of Tantra) the Tantric vows, one receiving a Tantric empowerment has to take numerous pledges, which must be kept purely if the practice is to be successful. See Tsong-ka-pa, ''The Yoga of Tibet'', 69—76;Beyer, 406-7.
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'Roarer, Howler': Vedic god of tempests, who later became known by the euphemistic title of Śiva, 'benevolent, auspicious'.
drag po;Rudra;'Roarer, Howler': Vedic god of tempests, who later became known by the euphemistic title of Śiva, 'benevolent, auspicious'.
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the perfect, absolute, heavenly, divine wisdom, which will suddenly break forth from the bodies of terrifying gods in the shape of fire' (Jäschke), the transcendant knowledge of Buddhas and Bodhisattvas beyond the Seventh Stage; the tenth Perfection. Five W.-k.: see ''Kleśa''.
ye shes;Wisdom-knowledge;wisdom-knowledge;jñāna;the perfect, absolute, heavenly, divine wisdom, which will suddenly break forth from the bodies of terrifying gods in the shape of fire' (Jäschke), the transcendant knowledge of Buddhas and Bodhisattvas beyond the Seventh Stage;the tenth Perfection. Five W.-k.: see ''Kleśa''.
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dus gsum;Times,the three;times,the three;past, present, future.
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n. of a Bodhisattva, who represents particularly Wisdom and is depicted flourishing a blazing wisdom sword in the right hand and holding a lotus that supports a book in the left. He is called 'the Youthful' (''kumāra(-bhūta), gzhon nu(r gyur pa)'') because of his everlastingly youthful appearance; the same title is sometimes taken to mean 'Crown Prince'.
'jam dpal;Mañjuśrī;n. of a Bodhisattva, who represents particularly Wisdom and is depicted flourishing a blazing wisdom sword in the right hand and holding a lotus that supports a book in the left. He is called 'the Youthful' (''kumāra(-bhūta), gzhon nu(r gyur pa)'') because of his everlastingly youthful appearance;the same title is sometimes taken to mean 'Crown Prince'.
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'counter-''ālīḍha'"`UNIQ--nowiki-0002FE24-QINU`"''' posture — sitting or standing with the right leg bent more sharply than the left.
gYas bskum gYon brkyang;Pratyālīḍha;'counter-''ālīḍha'"`UNIQ--nowiki-0002FE24-QINU`"''' posture — sitting or standing with the right leg bent more sharply than the left.
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the 'Great Vehicle' — the way of a Bodhisattva, and the schools that emphasize it in their teaching.
theg pa chen po;Mahāyāna;the 'Great Vehicle' — the way of a Bodhisattva, and the schools that emphasize it in their teaching.
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malignant beings of the ''preta'' class, ghosts etc.
'byung po,gdon,mi ma yin;Spirits;spirits;bhūta,graha;malignant beings of the ''preta'' class, ghosts etc.
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a member of the military or governing caste
rgyal rigs;Kṣatriya;a member of the military or governing caste
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zhe sdang;Hate,hatred;hate,hatred;dveṣa;one of the three poisons
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a type of demon, presumably the followers of the ''daitya'' (or ''asura'') Tāraka.
star,meteor;star,meteor;Tāraka;a type of demon, presumably the followers of the ''daitya'' (or ''asura'') Tāraka.
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1. The magical weapon of the Vedic god Indra, made of metal and very hard and sharp. 2. A thunderbolt. 3. A Tantric implement symbolizing Method (Compassion), held in the right hand (male side), cf. Bell. Also a part of various other Tantric implements, e.g. v. hook, a hook with v.-shaped knobs on. 4. As a description of anything that is supposed to be impenetrably hard (v. wall, v. tent) or indestructible (Vajrayāna and just about everything involved in it) — adamantine.
rdo rje;Vajra;1. The magical weapon of the Vedic god Indra, made of metal and very hard and sharp. 2. A thunderbolt. 3. A Tantric implement symbolizing Method (Compassion), held in the right hand (male side), cf. Bell. Also a part of various other Tantric implements, e.g. v. hook, a hook with v.-shaped knobs on. 4. As a description of anything that is supposed to be impenetrably hard (v. wall, v. tent) or indestructible (Vajrayāna and just about everything involved in it) — adamantine.
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'circle, disk,' esp. the 'circle' composed of a deity and her or his emanations, attendants and environment; also the disk of an entire universe visualized as an offering, and the round plate or tray that serves as physical support for this practice.
dkyil 'khor,'khor lo,mandal;Maṇḍala;'circle, disk,' esp. the 'circle' composed of a deity and her or his emanations, attendants and environment;also the disk of an entire universe visualized as an offering, and the round plate or tray that serves as physical support for this practice.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 26921ec9f5d1756d42b95b7fad22b8ad
one of noble nature, exceedingly wise, etc.
bdag nyid chen po;Mahātma;one of noble nature, exceedingly wise, etc.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 8562a15f9e45b2021d272f2847c1ebd2
yi dvags;Hungry ghost;hungry ghost;preta
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the wrong views of eternalism (''śāśvata-dṛṣṭi'') and annihilationism (''uccheda-dṛṣṭi''), lit. that the personal self is eternal or that it truly ceases to exist, but often generalized to include all over- or under-estimation of just how much anything can be said to exist
mtha',rtag chad;Extremes,two;extremes,two;anta;the wrong views of eternalism (''śāśvata-dṛṣṭi'') and annihilationism (''uccheda-dṛṣṭi''), lit. that the personal self is eternal or that it truly ceases to exist, but often generalized to include all over- or under-estimation of just how much anything can be said to exist
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# e03bf5a85220b40a7c1e4e13aded20c4
the intermediate state between death and the next rebirth
bar do;Bardo;bardo;the intermediate state between death and the next rebirth
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# fe128adc9405784960ca2c672efc69e0
Vedic god of the sky, 'the Encompassing', lord of light and darkness, celestial order, morality, and the primordial waters. Later relegated to overlordship of the terrestrial oceans, hence the Tib. translation of his name, 'water-god'. Guardian of the western quarter.
chu lha;Varuṇa;Vedic god of the sky, 'the Encompassing', lord of light and darkness, celestial order, morality, and the primordial waters. Later relegated to overlordship of the terrestrial oceans, hence the Tib. translation of his name, 'water-god'. Guardian of the western quarter.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 4ce4db8a4cb8da9889ff6caec832577b
an important realization gained on entry to the eighth Bodhisattva Stage
mi skye ba'i chos la bzod pa;Acceptance that dharmas are unproduced;acceptance that dharmas are unproduced;anutpattika-dharma-kṣānti;an important realization gained on entry to the eighth Bodhisattva Stage
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# e0bbaf2e0aba487b58381d9058841ccb
'guarding; to be guarded against': an evil being or demon. Some say there are also benevolent ''rākṣasas'', of a semi-divine nature like the ''yakṣas''.
srin po;Rākṣasa,rakṣas;'guarding;to be guarded against': an evil being or demon. Some say there are also benevolent ''rākṣasas'', of a semi-divine nature like the ''yakṣas''.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 0e99f4a8ac40d0729399dfbed6cbf0b0
the state of continually having to take rebirth under the control of karma and defilements.
'khor ba,srid pa;Saṃsāra,bhava;the state of continually having to take rebirth under the control of karma and defilements.
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Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# d81d830671c6a97f2b1341a040245305
Tantric rite for deity practice, see pp. 331-6.
sgrub thabs;Sādhana;Tantric rite for deity practice, see pp. 331-6.
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the fifth Perfection, see ''Dhyāna; (dhyāna, mnyam bzhag)'': gesture of both hands flat with palms upward, right fingers resting on the left, thumbs slightly bent with the tips touching.
bsam gtan;Meditation;meditation;dhyāna;the fifth Perfection, see ''Dhyāna;(dhyāna, mnyam bzhag)'': gesture of both hands flat with palms upward, right fingers resting on the left, thumbs slightly bent with the tips touching.
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rgyal ba;Conqueror;conqueror;jina;Buddha
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lit. 'deathless': nectar, ambrosia (conferring immortality or other powers).
'Imperturbable',n. of a Buddha,Lord of the Vajra Family;Amṛta;lit. 'deathless': nectar, ambrosia (conferring immortality or other powers).
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 46561d1476bc94780839b1f45f240331
the coral tree, ''Erythrina indica'', one of the five trees of paradise, with brilliant scarlet flowers.
Mandāra,mandarava;the coral tree, ''Erythrina indica'', one of the five trees of paradise, with brilliant scarlet flowers.
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'jig rten;Worlds,the three;worlds,the three;loka;see p. 415, n.39.
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often pron. 'Kanjur': 'the Translated Word (of the Buddha)', the Tibetan canon of scriptures, comprising the Vinaya, several collections of Sūtras, and the Tantras
bka' 'gyur;Kangyur,Kanjur;kangyur,kanjur;often pron. 'Kanjur': 'the Translated Word (of the Buddha)', the Tibetan canon of scriptures, comprising the Vinaya, several collections of Sūtras, and the Tantras
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state of existence into which beings are born under the influence of their karma and defilements. The six destinies comprise three ill destinies, or bad migrations (''dur-gati, ngari 'gro or ngan song'') — hell-beings, ''pretas'' and animals — and three good destinies (''sugati, bde 'gro'') — gods, asuras and human beings. When five are spoken of, the gods and ''asuras'' are counted together
'gro ba;Destiny,migration;destiny,migration;gati;state of existence into which beings are born under the influence of their karma and defilements. The six destinies comprise three ill destinies, or bad migrations (''dur-gati, ngari 'gro or ngan song'') — hell-beings, ''pretas'' and animals — and three good destinies (''sugati, bde 'gro'') — gods, asuras and human beings. When five are spoken of, the gods and ''asuras'' are counted together
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bde sogs,legs brjod ma;Śacī;'Divine Power', wife of Śakra or Indra
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'even cross-legged posture', according to Geshe Kayang 'the ordinary crosslegged posture'; perhaps the same as ''sattva-paryaṇka''.
mnyam pa'i skyil mo krung;Sama-paryaṅka;'even cross-legged posture', according to Geshe Kayang 'the ordinary crosslegged posture';perhaps the same as ''sattva-paryaṇka''.
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kla klo;Mleccha;barbarian, one ignorant of Sanskrit.
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'Enjoyment Body', the Body endowed with the thirty-two Marks and eighty minor Signs that a Buddha displays to ''Ārya''-Bodhisattvas in a Pure Land, teaching the Mahāyāna until the end of ''saṃsāra''.
longs spyod rdzogs pa'i sku,longs spyod,longs sku;Saṃbhoga-kāya;'Enjoyment Body', the Body endowed with the thirty-two Marks and eighty minor Signs that a Buddha displays to ''Ārya''-Bodhisattvas in a Pure Land, teaching the Mahāyāna until the end of ''saṃsāra''.
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Vedic god of rain, who became considered lord of all the gods. In Buddhist ''sūtras'' he is usually called Śakra.
dbang po;Indra;Vedic god of rain, who became considered lord of all the gods. In Buddhist ''sūtras'' he is usually called Śakra.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 097d0deaf4b483a883cdf8b433baebdf
rgyal ba'i sras;Conquerors' Offspring or Son;conquerors' offspring or son;jina-putra;Bodhisattva
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Thang-ka;paṭa;t'ang-ka;t'ang-ka;a painting on cloth.
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'Measureless Light', n. of a Buddha, Lord of the Lotus Family and of the Sukhāvatī Pure Land. Usually red in colour
'od dpag med (pa),a mi de ba;Amitābha;'Measureless Light', n. of a Buddha, Lord of the Lotus Family and of the Sukhāvatī Pure Land. Usually red in colour
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vowed discipline common to followers of all three Vehicles. It is of eight types: (a) the eight fasting vows, taken for one day only; (b, c) the five vows of laymen and laywomen; (d, e) the vows of male and female novices; (f) additional vows taken by probationer nuns as a step towards becoming full nuns; (g) the discipline of the full nun (''bhikṣunī''); (h) that of the full monk (''bhikṣu'').
so sor thar pa;Prātimokṣa;vowed discipline common to followers of all three Vehicles. It is of eight types: (a) the eight fasting vows, taken for one day only;(b, c) the five vows of laymen and laywomen;(d, e) the vows of male and female novices;(f) additional vows taken by probationer nuns as a step towards becoming full nuns;(g) the discipline of the full nun (''bhikṣunī'');(h) that of the full monk (''bhikṣu'').
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# e639266096955ea7e527c56c480fa659
dpa' bo;Hero;hero;vīrā;a grade of Tantric adept
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the ten unwholesome acts are killing, stealing, sexual misconduct, lying, harsh speech, slander, vain speech, covetousness, illwill, and wrong view.
mi dge ba;Unvirtue,unwholesome;unvirtue,unwholesome;a-kuśala;the ten unwholesome acts are killing, stealing, sexual misconduct, lying, harsh speech, slander, vain speech, covetousness, illwill, and wrong view.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# b9b7f45dea376287ac43729768596cec
the accumulations of merits and of Wisdom-knowledge that one must gather by practising the Perfections so as to achieve Enlightenment
tshogs;Accumulations,the two;accumulations,the two;saṃbhara;the accumulations of merits and of Wisdom-knowledge that one must gather by practising the Perfections so as to achieve Enlightenment
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zag pa;Contamination;contamination;āsrava
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mtho ris;High rebirth;high rebirth;svarga;rebirth as a god or human being
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'knowledge-bearer, mantra-bearer', a kind of supernatural being, possessed of magical power; usually depicted flying in the air in beautiful human form, sometimes with the lower half of the body bird-like. Fem. ''vidyā-dharī''.
rig pa 'dzin pa,rig 'dzin;Vidyā-dhara;'knowledge-bearer, mantra-bearer', a kind of supernatural being, possessed of magical power;usually depicted flying in the air in beautiful human form, sometimes with the lower half of the body bird-like. Fem. ''vidyā-dharī''.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# e23d43a56f790563739e8b13d1967d5d
faith, morality, conscience, consideration, learning, generosity and wisdom.
'phags (pa'i) nor;Āryas' seven Treasures;āryas' seven treasures;dhana;faith, morality, conscience, consideration, learning, generosity and wisdom.
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the five immediate karmas, sins or evil acts are killing one's mother, one's father, or an ''Arhant''; causing schism in the Saṅgha of ''bhikṣus''; and drawing blood from a ''Tathāgata'' with evil intent. The five close to or approaching them (''de dang nye ba lnga'') are defiling one's mother who is an Arhantī; killing a Bodhisattva on the Definite Stage (''niyata-bhūmi''); killing an ''Ārya'' on the Path of Training (i.e. not yet an ''Arhant''); robbing the Saṅgha of means of livelihood; and destroying a ''stūpa''
mtshams med pa;Immediate,five;immediate,five;ānantarya;the five immediate karmas, sins or evil acts are killing one's mother, one's father, or an ''Arhant'';causing schism in the Saṅgha of ''bhikṣus'';and drawing blood from a ''Tathāgata'' with evil intent. The five close to or approaching them (''de dang nye ba lnga'') are defiling one's mother who is an Arhantī;killing a Bodhisattva on the Definite Stage (''niyata-bhūmi'');killing an ''Ārya'' on the Path of Training (i.e. not yet an ''Arhant'');robbing the Saṅgha of means of livelihood;and destroying a ''stūpa''
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 4c0c1968d4a52b1f4273f3bc8b652c96
'the fragrant root of the plant Andropogon muricatus (MW).
pu shel tse;Uśīra;'the fragrant root of the plant Andropogon muricatus (MW).
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# bad7acc767645989f28448ccc2a3e0e7
'great perfected one', realized Tantric practitioner.
grub chen;Mahāsiddha;'great perfected one', realized Tantric practitioner.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 27729d479f55cb142bb6829ca491e6d4
Ultimate Nature, lack of true existence.
de kho na nyid;suchness;suchness;tattva;Ultimate Nature, lack of true existence.
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a class of beings slightly inferior to ''devas'', who live within sight of a ''deva'' realm and are plagued by envy of their neighbours.
lha ma yin,lha min;Asura;a class of beings slightly inferior to ''devas'', who live within sight of a ''deva'' realm and are plagued by envy of their neighbours.
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rtag dang chad pa;Eternity and destruction;eternity and destruction;the two Extreme views
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the ruler of the gods of the Realm of Form. He has four faces
tshangs pa;Brahmā;the ruler of the gods of the Realm of Form. He has four faces
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the ''vajra'' cross-legged position, like the 'lotus position' of Hindu ''yoga'' but reversed.
rdo rje'i skyil mo krung,rdo rje skyil krung;Vajra-paryaṅka;the ''vajra'' cross-legged position, like the 'lotus position' of Hindu ''yoga'' but reversed.
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n. of a Buddha, Lord of the Jewel Family.
rin 'byung;Ratna-saṃbhava;n. of a Buddha, Lord of the Jewel Family.
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the successive steps in the career of an ''Ārya''-Bodhisattva; Buddhahood is attained from the Tenth Stage. A Master of the T.S. is thus an ''Ārya''-Bodhisattva or a Buddha.
sa;Stages,Ten;stages,ten;bhūmi;the successive steps in the career of an ''Ārya''-Bodhisattva;Buddhahood is attained from the Tenth Stage. A Master of the T.S. is thus an ''Ārya''-Bodhisattva or a Buddha.
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'basket' of the scriptures (see ''Piṭaka'') concerned with monastic discipline, the rules for the behaviour of monks and nuns and the conduct of their communal business.
'dul ba;Vinaya;'basket' of the scriptures (see ''Piṭaka'') concerned with monastic discipline, the rules for the behaviour of monks and nuns and the conduct of their communal business.
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principal officiant at the ordination of a monk or nun.
mkhan po;Preceptor;preceptor;upādhyāya;principal officiant at the ordination of a monk or nun.
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a gesture of threat, pointing the forefinger.
sdigs mdzub;Threatening forefinger;threatening forefinger;tarjanī;a gesture of threat, pointing the forefinger.
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visualized image of the deity, with which the Tantric practitioner identifies herself.
dam tshig sems dpa';Symbolic Being;symbolic being;samaya-sattva;visualized image of the deity, with which the Tantric practitioner identifies herself.
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a class of fierce, malignant, goblin-like demons, belonging to the ''preta'' realm, said to eat human flesh.
sha za;Piśāca;a class of fierce, malignant, goblin-like demons, belonging to the ''preta'' realm, said to eat human flesh.
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byams pa;Friendliness,Loving-kindness,Love;friendliness,loving-kindness,love;maitrī;wishing all sentient beings to be happy
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'Hearer, Disciple (of a Buddha)': a Hīnayāna ''Arhant'' who attains ''Nirvāṇa'' under the guidance of a teacher; or someone practising to become such an ''Arhant'', a Hīnayānist.
nyan thos;Śrāvaka;'Hearer, Disciple (of a Buddha)': a Hīnayāna ''Arhant'' who attains ''Nirvāṇa'' under the guidance of a teacher;or someone practising to become such an ''Arhant'', a Hīnayānist.
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hand gesture similar to Boon-granting but with the hand the other way up, i.e. palm outward, fingers extended parallel pointing upwards
skyabs sbyin pa;Giving Refuge;giving refuge;abhaya-mudra;hand gesture similar to Boon-granting but with the hand the other way up, i.e. palm outward, fingers extended parallel pointing upwards
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Realms of woe;realms of woe;the three ill destinies, see Destiny.
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las kyi rigs (tshogs);Action Family;action family;karma-kula;the Family of Amoghasiddhi
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branch of Buddhist literature and practice concerned with the analysis of phenomena into their elementary constituents (dharma)
(chos) mngon pa;Abhidharma;branch of Buddhist literature and practice concerned with the analysis of phenomena into their elementary constituents (dharma)
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the concentration in which Liberation or the Enlightenment of a Buddha is attained. Called 'destroyer of hostile forces' (''para-sainyapramardin'') since it eliminates the last obstructions
rdo rje lta bu zhes bya ba'i ting nge 'dzin;Adamantine,Concentration;adamantine,concentration;vajrôpamo nāma samādhiḥ;the concentration in which Liberation or the Enlightenment of a Buddha is attained. Called 'destroyer of hostile forces' (''para-sainyapramardin'') since it eliminates the last obstructions
rdo rje lta bu zhes bya ba'i ting nge 'dzin
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perhaps 'flashing or shining one' (MW): Brahmanical god of the wind, and the numerous Vedic storm-gods.
rlung lha;Marut;perhaps 'flashing or shining one' (MW): Brahmanical god of the wind, and the numerous Vedic storm-gods.
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padma'i rigs;Lotus Family;lotus family;padma-kula;the Family of Amitābha.
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about 8000 yd, or 7.4 km, according to Adk III, p. 178.
dpag tshad;League;league;yojana;about 8000 yd, or 7.4 km, according to Adk III, p. 178.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# c2c49c482d3a558699a00bb30dd5fdc8
ruler of the gods of the lower heavens of the Desire Realm, who dwells in the immense Vaijayanta palace on the summit of Mount Meru. Sometimes referred to as Indra.
brgya byin;Śakra;ruler of the gods of the lower heavens of the Desire Realm, who dwells in the immense Vaijayanta palace on the summit of Mount Meru. Sometimes referred to as Indra.
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a sentient being can be regarded as made up of eighteen e., three for each sense — visual object e., visual faculty e., visual consciousness e., etc. ... mental object e., mental faculty e., mental consciousness e.
khams;Elements,eighteen;elements,eighteen;dhātu;a sentient being can be regarded as made up of eighteen e., three for each sense — visual object e., visual faculty e., visual consciousness e., etc. ... mental object e., mental faculty e., mental consciousness e.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# efcb586233e47f51e599377430f2ce52
the Universal Law, the fact that phenomena do not exist as they are apprehended by consciousness adhering to their true existence. The ''Dharmadhātu'' Wisdom is the Wisdom-knowledge directly cognizing this
chos kyi dbyings,chos dbyings;Dharma-dhātu;the Universal Law, the fact that phenomena do not exist as they are apprehended by consciousness adhering to their true existence. The ''Dharmadhātu'' Wisdom is the Wisdom-knowledge directly cognizing this
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 993558916432324137de40607467b644
bcom ldan 'das ma;Lady;lady;bhagavatī;a title of female Buddhas.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# e87b647d6fe81231791a18f1eff5b1ca
one who has attained ''Nirvāṇa''. Pali ''Arahant''
dgra bcom pa,dgra bcom ma;Arhant,Arhantī;one who has attained ''Nirvāṇa''. Pali ''Arahant''
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# aec78fa774fb6471244d311bc78f0dc6
lit. 'death'. 1. The Evil One, a powerful god ruling the highest heaven of the Desire Realm, who habitually tries to distract and hinder Buddhas and Bodhisattvas. Since each world-system has its own set of heavens, it is possible to speak of infinitely many such Evil Ones. 2. The four ''māras'' or obstructions to practice of the Dharma: those of defilements, death and the aggregates, and the god Māra (=1). 3. Māra's whole army of followers are also called Māras or ''māras'' after him; they act as evil spirits, obstructing Dharma practice.
bdud;Māra;lit. 'death'. 1. The Evil One, a powerful god ruling the highest heaven of the Desire Realm, who habitually tries to distract and hinder Buddhas and Bodhisattvas. Since each world-system has its own set of heavens, it is possible to speak of infinitely many such Evil Ones. 2. The four ''māras'' or obstructions to practice of the Dharma: those of defilements, death and the aggregates, and the god Māra (=1). 3. Māra's whole army of followers are also called Māras or ''māras'' after him;they act as evil spirits, obstructing Dharma practice.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 0b3ca6d6f16add873e2bfad6c8a25c07
gdon;Demon of disease or sickness;demon of disease or sickness;graha
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 29ee76d3931af7d089f6ee0444d1fa13
a Discourse of the Buddha, scripture of the Sūtra ''Piṭaka''; also, all exoteric teachings of Buddhism (the three ''Piṭakas'' and their commentaries) as opposed to the esoteric, Tantric teachings.
mdo sde;Sūtra;a Discourse of the Buddha, scripture of the Sūtra ''Piṭaka'';also, all exoteric teachings of Buddhism (the three ''Piṭakas'' and their commentaries) as opposed to the esoteric, Tantric teachings.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 269b643da8acdbfc69506b32e359352a
mgon po;Protector;protector;nātha;a title of deities.
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'pan-realism', a prominent and influential Hīnayānist school named after their assertion that a ''dharma'' exists during all time, wandering from the future to the present when it seems to arise and transferred into the past when it perishes.
thams cad yod par smra ba;Sarvāstivāda;'pan-realism', a prominent and influential Hīnayānist school named after their assertion that a ''dharma'' exists during all time, wandering from the future to the present when it seems to arise and transferred into the past when it perishes.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 89b8e5c08b44b23b638f99a9f3c2fae4
the Vedic god of fire, guardian of the south-eastern direction
me lha;Agni;agni;agni,anala;the Vedic god of fire, guardian of the south-eastern direction
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in Skt the word is wider (see Action), but in English it means a willed action of body, speech or mind, and the impression or seed this leaves on one's personal continuum, which must eventually ripen and produce a result.
las;karman;Karma;karma;in Skt the word is wider (see Action), but in English it means a willed action of body, speech or mind, and the impression or seed this leaves on one's personal continuum, which must eventually ripen and produce a result.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# f29b7da2ed0cd93f738e42e48b1611ea
chos sku;Dharma-kāya;the Buddha's Omniscient Mind
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several usages, all relating to the universal metaphor of the spiritual journey towards the Goal. 1. Expressions such as 'the perfect P.' (''yang dag lam'') are self-explanatory, 2. Choice of routes: 'the common P.' is the practices that both Sūtra and Tantra practitioners should follow, whereas 'the uncommon P.' is those specific to Tantra; 'the Two-Stage P.' is ''Anuttara-yoga-tantra'' practice. 3. The five P. are successive segments of one person's route, demarcated by particular realizations and each to be traversed by a particular method of practice. In order, they are: (a) the P. of Accumulation (''saṃbhāra-mārga, tshogs lam''); (b) the P. of Preparation (''prayoga-mārga, sbyor lam''); (c) the P. of Insight (''darśana-mārga, mthong lam''); (d) the P. of Meditation (''bhāvana-mārga, sgom lam''); and (e) the P. Beyond Learning (''aśaikṣa-mārga, mi slob lam''), i.e. Liberation.
lam;Path;path;mārga;several usages, all relating to the universal metaphor of the spiritual journey towards the Goal. 1. Expressions such as 'the perfect P.' (''yang dag lam'') are self-explanatory, 2. Choice of routes: 'the common P.' is the practices that both Sūtra and Tantra practitioners should follow, whereas 'the uncommon P.' is those specific to Tantra;'the Two-Stage P.' is ''Anuttara-yoga-tantra'' practice. 3. The five P. are successive segments of one person's route, demarcated by particular realizations and each to be traversed by a particular method of practice. In order, they are: (a) the P. of Accumulation (''saṃbhāra-mārga, tshogs lam'');(b) the P. of Preparation (''prayoga-mārga, sbyor lam'');(c) the P. of Insight (''darśana-mārga, mthong lam'');(d) the P. of Meditation (''bhāvana-mārga, sgom lam'');and (e) the P. Beyond Learning (''aśaikṣa-mārga, mi slob lam''), i.e. Liberation.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# c48208d5822c2a8cda871fdce1dcaf12
the imprints of actions and defilements, which are carried from life to life and can ripen as a persistence of the same defilement or as the various forms of karmic results
bag chags;Imprints,impressions;imprints,impressions;vāsanā;the imprints of actions and defilements, which are carried from life to life and can ripen as a persistence of the same defilement or as the various forms of karmic results
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'free of elaboration', i.e. devoid of conventional objects, which are mere mental projections.
spros pa dang bral ba,spros bral;Simple;simple;niṣ-prapañca;'free of elaboration', i.e. devoid of conventional objects, which are mere mental projections.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# b2a98e99fec7237cdec9f8ecb61e77a9
lha mo;Goddess;goddess;devī;'the Goddess' is of course Tārā.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# f142419e4e74dab8ebc887da04b1bd64
those of defilements (''kleśa'') and of knowables (''jñeya''), see p. 405, n.13.
sgrib pa;Obscurations,the two;obscurations,the two;āvaraṇa;those of defilements (''kleśa'') and of knowables (''jñeya''), see p. 405, n.13.
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giant mountain at the centre of the world, where the two lowest classes of gods of the Desire Realm live. It is said to rise 84000 leagues above sea-level.
ri rab,ri rab lhun po,lhun po;Meru,Mount;meru,mount;meru;giant mountain at the centre of the world, where the two lowest classes of gods of the Desire Realm live. It is said to rise 84000 leagues above sea-level.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# c1a3d25172a0c9f03c34b3323bd6ab94
that result of an action which consists of a particular state of rebirth.
las kyi rnam par smin pa;Karmic result,karmically governed rebirth;karmic result,karmically governed rebirth;vipāka;that result of an action which consists of a particular state of rebirth.
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Acacia catechu, a tree with very hard wood used for the points of ploughshares, the axle-pins of chariots, amulets, etc. Its resin is used medicinally.
seng ldeng;Khadira;Acacia catechu, a tree with very hard wood used for the points of ploughshares, the axle-pins of chariots, amulets, etc. Its resin is used medicinally.
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one learned in the profound mantric lore (D).
rig sngags 'chang ba;Vidyā-mantra-dhara;one learned in the profound mantric lore (D).
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a stanza, esp. one of four eight-syllable pādas; as a unit of length of prose, 32 syllables.
shlo ka;Śloka;a stanza, esp. one of four eight-syllable pādas;as a unit of length of prose, 32 syllables.
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cross-legged sitting posture with the shins flat on the ground forming virtually a straight line, right ankle on top of the left.
sems dpa'i skyil mo krung;Sattva-paryaṅka;cross-legged sitting posture with the shins flat on the ground forming virtually a straight line, right ankle on top of the left.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 206811764629e7f06c6a19676268a80b
for most purposes, there are six P. a Bodhisattva must practise — Giving, Morality, Patience, Joyous Energy, Meditative absorption (''dhyāna'') and Wisdom. In the scheme of the ''Daśa-bhūmika-sūtra'', the list is extended to ten by the addition of Skill in Means, Vow, Power and Wisdom-knowledge, but very little is taught of these extra four. Overwhelmingly the most important is the P. of Wisdom (''prajñā-pāramitā''), to which a major branch of the Sūtra and commentarial literature has been devoted.
pha rol tu phyin pa,phar phyin;Perfection;perfection;pāramitā;for most purposes, there are six P. a Bodhisattva must practise — Giving, Morality, Patience, Joyous Energy, Meditative absorption (''dhyāna'') and Wisdom. In the scheme of the ''Daśa-bhūmika-sūtra'', the list is extended to ten by the addition of Skill in Means, Vow, Power and Wisdom-knowledge, but very little is taught of these extra four. Overwhelmingly the most important is the P. of Wisdom (''prajñā-pāramitā''), to which a major branch of the Sūtra and commentarial literature has been devoted.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 2e3d630bfa3814e15599288fe63a2f5e
gnas lugs;Mode of Existence;mode of existence;saṃniveśa?;a synonym for Ultimate Truth.
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n. of fourth Perfection, joy in the practice of virtue
brtson 'grus;Effort,Energy;effort,energy;vīrya;n. of fourth Perfection, joy in the practice of virtue
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'wrathful king', a title of fierce deities
khro mo'i rgyal po;Krodha-rāja;'wrathful king', a title of fierce deities
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 5569eff4227cadc05b19c54e29d43f6c
the s. of magical power (of levitation, transmutation and control of one's feelings), divine hearing, knowing others' thoughts, remembering past lives, and knowing the death and rebirth of sentient beings; and (in ''Arhants'' and Buddhas only) knowledge of the exhaustion of the contaminations. See ''Mppś'', Chap. XLIII.
mngon shes;Superknowledges,five or six;superknowledges,five or six;abhijñā;the s. of magical power (of levitation, transmutation and control of one's feelings), divine hearing, knowing others' thoughts, remembering past lives, and knowing the death and rebirth of sentient beings;and (in ''Arhants'' and Buddhas only) knowledge of the exhaustion of the contaminations. See ''Mppś'', Chap. XLIII.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 0f31a10dffecea138f5288864d59dbf5
a type of stringed instrument, Indian lute.
pi bang,pi wang;Vīṇā;a type of stringed instrument, Indian lute.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 72c611533351476537ca10be41c7e403
dri ma;Stains;stains;mala;sometimes = the three poisons.
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set of samsaric states of rebirth in which it is possible for gross defilements such as greed and hatred to manifest, including the hell, ''preta'', animal and human states and the lower ''deva'' states
'dod khams;Desire Realm;desire realm;kāma-dhātu;set of samsaric states of rebirth in which it is possible for gross defilements such as greed and hatred to manifest, including the hell, ''preta'', animal and human states and the lower ''deva'' states
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# dc8c519765176fde6ddd438b02cb9d75
first of the four Sublime Mothers (''yum (mchog)''), the female aspects of the ''Tathāgatas'' of the Five Families.
sangs rgyas spyan;Locanā,Buddha-locanā;first of the four Sublime Mothers (''yum (mchog)''), the female aspects of the ''Tathāgatas'' of the Five Families.
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byang chub;Bodhi;Awakening to Buddhahood, Enlightenment
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often pron. 'Tänjur': 'the Translated Treatises', the collection of Tib. translations of the Indian Buddhist literature other than the actual Buddha-Word — commentaries, treatises, hymns, rituals, dictionaries, medical texts, etc. — amounting to over two hundred volumes, or about twice the length of the Kangyur.
bstan 'gyur;Tän-gyur;tän-gyur;often pron. 'Tänjur': 'the Translated Treatises', the collection of Tib. translations of the Indian Buddhist literature other than the actual Buddha-Word — commentaries, treatises, hymns, rituals, dictionaries, medical texts, etc. — amounting to over two hundred volumes, or about twice the length of the Kangyur.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 4cb714b4902fdd14a41b518bfde6ec89
Tantra-ācārya;professor of Tantric studies.
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mtho ris;Upper rebirth;upper rebirth;svarga;rebirth as a god or human being.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 46918c1b07dc631ed1c539843c99326e
bskal pa;Eon;eon;kalpa;world-age, cosmic cycle
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dgu po rgyud mang;Śūrpa-vīṇā;a kind of ''vīṇā''.
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second of the Two Stages of Anuttara-yoga-tantra
rdzogs pa'i rim pa,rdzogs rim;Completing Stage;completing stage;utpanna-krama;second of the Two Stages of Anuttara-yoga-tantra
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chos srung;Dharma-protector;dharma-protector;guardian of the Doctrine
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Enlightened or Awakened One, Who has completely abandoned all obscurations and perfected every good quality.
sangs rgyas;Buddha;Enlightened or Awakened One, Who has completely abandoned all obscurations and perfected every good quality.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# d344e35c462896146554e118e32e92ec
a canonical scripture of the esoteric class; the whole set of practices taught in such scriptures and their commentaries, involving identification of oneself with a fully Enlightened deity, the Vajrayāna; a subset of such Tantric teachings, centred on a particular deity (e.g. 'the T. of Heruka') or of a particular level (''Kriyā-tantra, Caryātantra, Yoga-tantra, Anuttara-yoga-tantra'').
rgyud;Tantra;a canonical scripture of the esoteric class;the whole set of practices taught in such scriptures and their commentaries, involving identification of oneself with a fully Enlightened deity, the Vajrayāna;a subset of such Tantric teachings, centred on a particular deity (e.g. 'the T. of Heruka') or of a particular level (''Kriyā-tantra, Caryātantra, Yoga-tantra, Anuttara-yoga-tantra'').
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a tree with bitter fruit, ''Azadirachta indica''. Every part of it is used for magical purposes.
nim pa;Nimb;nimb;nimba;a tree with bitter fruit, ''Azadirachta indica''. Every part of it is used for magical purposes.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 78ca61313f204dabe8da28d11506ac6b
a Buddhist layman, bound by the five vows (to avoid killing, stealing, sexual misconduct, intoxicating liquor and lying). Fem. upāsikā.
dge bsnyen;Upāsaka;a Buddhist layman, bound by the five vows (to avoid killing, stealing, sexual misconduct, intoxicating liquor and lying). Fem. upāsikā.
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through i. of good and evil one is reborn in ill destinies; through i. of Ultimate Truth one is reborn in ''saṃsāra'' in general
ma rig (pa);Ignorance,unknowing;ignorance,unknowing;avidyā;through i. of good and evil one is reborn in ill destinies;through i. of Ultimate Truth one is reborn in ''saṃsāra'' in general
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 641c9ded133f0fbcaaf3ec805302ca6f
determination to attain Enlightenment for the benefit of all sentient beings
byang chub kyi sems,sems bskyed;Bodhicitta,Bodhi-mind;bodhicitta,bodhi-mind;Bodhicitta,Bodhi;determination to attain Enlightenment for the benefit of all sentient beings
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used several times in the sense of the Right View of Emptiness.
lta ba;View;view;dṛṣṭi;used several times in the sense of the Right View of Emptiness.
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a staff surmounted by a freshly-severed head, a withered one and a skull, and a triple point, carried by Tantric adepts and representing the secret consort.
Khaṭvāṅga;a staff surmounted by a freshly-severed head, a withered one and a skull, and a triple point, carried by Tantric adepts and representing the secret consort.
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second of the four Sublime Mothers (see Locanā).
Māmakī;second of the four Sublime Mothers (see Locanā).
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the Saviouress, She Who Takes (beings) Across (the Ocean of ''Saṃsāra''); also means 'Star'.
sgrol ma;Tārā;the Saviouress, She Who Takes (beings) Across (the Ocean of ''Saṃsāra'');also means 'Star'.
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lus srul po;Demons of rotting corpses;demons of rotting corpses;kaṭapūtana;a kind of ''preta''
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bram ze;Brahman,brāhmaṇa;member of the priestly caste
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Field of (Accumulation of) M. (''tshogs zhing''); Merits and Wisdom (''tshogs (gnyis)''): see Accumulations.
bsod nams,sometimes dge ba;Merit;merit;puṇya;Field of (Accumulation of) M. (''tshogs zhing'');Merits and Wisdom (''tshogs (gnyis)''): see Accumulations.
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'khor lo bsgyur ba'i rgyal po;Emperor;emperor;cakravartin;see Universal Monarch.
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a particular sitting position, some say one leg on top of the other with the soles almost hidden.
skyil mo krung;Paryaṅka;a particular sitting position, some say one leg on top of the other with the soles almost hidden.
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an ascetic, a practitioner of ''yoga'', i.e. of Tantra; esp. one who engages in sexual and other Tantric practices incompatible with keeping monastic vows. Fem. yoginī.
rnal 'byor pa,rnal 'byor ma;Yogin,yoginī;an ascetic, a practitioner of ''yoga'', i.e. of Tantra;esp. one who engages in sexual and other Tantric practices incompatible with keeping monastic vows. Fem. yoginī.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 7e30a111a00e53c0b8ca9209c3f9bd31
the 'Adamantine Vehicle' — also called the Mantra Vehicle, or Tantra.
rdo rje theg pa;Vajrayāna;the 'Adamantine Vehicle' — also called the Mantra Vehicle, or Tantra.
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a subtle divine state of samsaric existence, where sense of smell, sense of taste and sexual organs are absent, and physical suffering, mental distress and unwholesome mental factors such as attachment cannot arise
gzugs khams;Form Realm;form realm;rūpa-dhātu;a subtle divine state of samsaric existence, where sense of smell, sense of taste and sexual organs are absent, and physical suffering, mental distress and unwholesome mental factors such as attachment cannot arise
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 0e6bfce9f43a85633c6ca88fc78c54cc
the three Objects of Refuge — Buddha, Dharma and Saṅgha
dkon mchog;Jewels,the Three;jewels,the three;ratna;the three Objects of Refuge — Buddha, Dharma and Saṅgha
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# cd16d809c3be9799d0568d15bfcea28e
a mind apprehending an independently existent self-nature of a person or of ''dharmas''; the misconception of a truly-existing self.
bdag 'dzin;Self-grasping;self-grasping;ātma-grāha;a mind apprehending an independently existent self-nature of a person or of ''dharmas'';the misconception of a truly-existing self.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# ef4e31b08eea777787b1458bbba373f9
'one who goes in the air', deity, ''ḍākinī''; also conceivably Kha-sarpaṇa, a form of Avalokiteśvara.
mkha' la spyod pa;Sky-soarer;sky-soarer;khe-cara;'one who goes in the air', deity, ''ḍākinī'';also conceivably Kha-sarpaṇa, a form of Avalokiteśvara.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# fbd9dbb6be1402d96f79328a2b2fd007
birth from a womb, from an egg, from moist heat, or miraculously
skye sgo bzhi;Birth,four doors of;Four doors of birth;birth,four doors of;four doors of birth;birth from a womb, from an egg, from moist heat, or miraculously
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 4b294fe41367db87a94b34c01d581afc
the human existence with all necessary conditions for Dharma practice - free of the eight leisureless states, and with ten factors of good fortune (Rabten, ''The Essential Nectar'', n.35).
dal 'byor;Opportune,fortunate rebirth;opportune,fortunate rebirth;the human existence with all necessary conditions for Dharma practice - free of the eight leisureless states, and with ten factors of good fortune (Rabten, ''The Essential Nectar'', n.35).
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 0e1953e525d24a3abaefe4442b819f04
the conventional aspect of the practice of Dharma, equivalent to Compassion, as contrasted with the ultimate aspect, Wisdom. In Tantra, it is symbolized by the ''vajra'' and the male aspect. Also counted as seventh of the ten Perfections.
thabs;Means,Method;means,method;upāya;the conventional aspect of the practice of Dharma, equivalent to Compassion, as contrasted with the ultimate aspect, Wisdom. In Tantra, it is symbolized by the ''vajra'' and the male aspect. Also counted as seventh of the ten Perfections.
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a series of seven groups of qualities — thirty-seven in all — to be practised at successive stages of the Path. See Mppś III, chap. XXXI.
byang chub phyogs chos;Aids to ''Bodhi'',or to Enlightenment;aids to ''bodhi'',or to enlightenment;bodhi-pākṣika-dharma;a series of seven groups of qualities — thirty-seven in all — to be practised at successive stages of the Path. See Mppś III, chap. XXXI.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# d05c2ff4c4f968dd095cb0de10e75754
lit. 'seal, token'. 1. A symbolic hand gesture, endowed with power not unlike a mantra. 2. A tantric consort.
phyag rgya;Mudrā;lit. 'seal, token'. 1. A symbolic hand gesture, endowed with power not unlike a mantra. 2. A tantric consort.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# d345e70774f869c69da916877d137176
Enlightened deity on whom one's Tantric practice is centred.
thugs dam,yi dam;Tutelary deity;tutelary deity;Enlightened deity on whom one's Tantric practice is centred.
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the 'Bodies' of a Buddha, usually counted as three, see pp. 272—3. Sometimes, to make four ''Kāyas'', the ''Dharmakāya'' is divided into two, the ''Jñāna-dharma-kāya'' or ''Dharmakāya'' of Wisdom-knowledge and the ''Svābhāvikakāya'' or 'Natural Body', respectively the Buddha's Mind and its Ultimate Nature.
sku;Kāya;the 'Bodies' of a Buddha, usually counted as three, see pp. 272—3. Sometimes, to make four ''Kāyas'', the ''Dharmakāya'' is divided into two, the ''Jñāna-dharma-kāya'' or ''Dharmakāya'' of Wisdom-knowledge and the ''Svābhāvikakāya'' or 'Natural Body', respectively the Buddha's Mind and its Ultimate Nature.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 06058161bd73875b9c869f29e9adfe44
Vedic god of the wind, guardian of the northwest quarter.
rlung lha;Vāyu;Vedic god of the wind, guardian of the northwest quarter.
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sku;Body (of a Buddha);body (of a buddha);kāya
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the most subtle state of samsaric existence, without anything physical at all; lacking even mental pleasure, its beings dwell in unchanging equanimity.
gzugs med khams;Formless Realm;formless realm;ārūpya-dhātu;the most subtle state of samsaric existence, without anything physical at all;lacking even mental pleasure, its beings dwell in unchanging equanimity.
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monk and nun novices alike are bound by a somewhat less severe version of the ''bhikṣu's'' discipline. While ''bhikṣu'' ordination cannot be taken before the age of twenty, novice ordination can be taken younger; the vows are taken for life.
dge tshul;Novice;novice;śramaṇera;monk and nun novices alike are bound by a somewhat less severe version of the ''bhikṣu's'' discipline. While ''bhikṣu'' ordination cannot be taken before the age of twenty, novice ordination can be taken younger;the vows are taken for life.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 862e42583ea3a796d02dc07bfbaafb96
de bzhin gshegs pa;Tathāgata;'thus gone' or 'thus come', a Buddha.
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lit. 'departed', i.e. the spirit of a dead person, one of the six destinies of samsaric beings, often called 'hungry ghosts' because of their main form of suffering. They are of many kinds; those that dwell in our world are normally invisible to humans, but may be seen by animals.
yi dvags;Preta;lit. 'departed', i.e. the spirit of a dead person, one of the six destinies of samsaric beings, often called 'hungry ghosts' because of their main form of suffering. They are of many kinds;those that dwell in our world are normally invisible to humans, but may be seen by animals.
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rnam par thar pa'i sgo;Doors of Deliverance,three;doors of deliverance,three;vimokṣa-mukha;Emptiness, Signlessness, Wishlessness
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one who has realized the generation of Bodhicitta and whose sole aim is thus to benefit others
byang chub sems dpa';Bodhisattva;one who has realized the generation of Bodhicitta and whose sole aim is thus to benefit others
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khams,srid pa;Realms,three;realms,three;dhātu,bhava;Desire R., Form R., Formless R.
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a Hīnayāna ''Arhant'' who attains ''Nirvāṇa'' without needing teachings in that lifetime, but lacks the complete realization of a Buddha so cannot benefit limitless sentient beings as a Buddha does.
rang sangs rgyas;Pratyeka-buddha;a Hīnayāna ''Arhant'' who attains ''Nirvāṇa'' without needing teachings in that lifetime, but lacks the complete realization of a Buddha so cannot benefit limitless sentient beings as a Buddha does.
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rgyal sras;Buddha-child,Buddha-son;buddha-child,buddha-son;jina-putra;Bodhisattva
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# e21e6c42f73c2e09c0c0d23a7d1d9008
'one who has fared well', i.e. a Buddha.
bde bar gshegs pa,bde gshegs,bder gshegs;Sugata;'one who has fared well', i.e. a Buddha.
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'knowledge-woman, mantra-woman', a yogin's consort in Tantric sexual practices.
rig ma;Vidyā;'knowledge-woman, mantra-woman', a yogin's consort in Tantric sexual practices.
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i.e. all space. They are enumerated as the four cardinal and four intermediate points plus up and down
phyogs bcu;Directions,the ten;directions,the ten;daśa-diś;i.e. all space. They are enumerated as the four cardinal and four intermediate points plus up and down
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direct intuitive apprehension of Ultimate Truth, i.e. of Emptiness; the sixth Perfection. The Path combines W. and Method; Tantric symbolism centres on the union of the two, W. being the female aspect and Method, or Means, the male. The wisdoms of listening, thinking and meditation are steps towards this W. 3. In verse, 'Wisdom' is sometimes short for 'Wisdom-knowledge'.
shes rab or mkhyen rab,blo gros;Wisdom;wisdom;prajñā,mati;direct intuitive apprehension of Ultimate Truth, i.e. of Emptiness;the sixth Perfection. The Path combines W. and Method;Tantric symbolism centres on the union of the two, W. being the female aspect and Method, or Means, the male. The wisdoms of listening, thinking and meditation are steps towards this W. 3. In verse, 'Wisdom' is sometimes short for 'Wisdom-knowledge'.
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Offspring of the Buddhas or Conquerors: Bodhisattvas
sras;Offspring;offspring;suta,putra;Offspring of the Buddhas or Conquerors: Bodhisattvas
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passing away in a mass of rainbow light and leaving no corpse behind.
'ja' lus;Rainbow body;rainbow body;passing away in a mass of rainbow light and leaving no corpse behind.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 10ef7f2ffb1f3f314817a33c00d4f542
the sets of vowed discipline — Prātimokṣa, Bodhisattva and Tantric vows.
smon lam;sdom pa;Vow;vow;praṇidhāna;saṃvara;the sets of vowed discipline — Prātimokṣa, Bodhisattva and Tantric vows.
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third of the four Sublime Mothers (see Locanā), 'the White-robed Goddess', red in colour and the consort of Amitābha.
gos dkar mo,na bza' dkar;Pāṇḍara-vāsinī;third of the four Sublime Mothers (see Locanā), 'the White-robed Goddess', red in colour and the consort of Amitābha.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# df602888afdf605f01efb633d2c74c68
'Great Being', standard epithet of Bodhisattvas.
Mahāsattva;'Great Being', standard epithet of Bodhisattvas.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 824e355a22546bb98e95bab981e9b30d
1. dharmas are elementary constituent events into which the world is broken down, what we see as the Person or Self being no more than a collection of dharmas, without ultimate reality. In the higher schools of Buddhist philosophy it is shown that ''dharmas'' themselves have no ultimate existence: their Suchness, or true nature, is to be Empty (or pure) of true existence. 2. The Dharma that is one of the Three Jewels of Refuge (Buddha, Dharma and Saṅgha) is the realizations and abandonments in the mind of a Buddha. 3. 'The Dharma' frequently means the Doctrine of the Buddha, Truth, what is right.
chos;Dharma;1. dharmas are elementary constituent events into which the world is broken down, what we see as the Person or Self being no more than a collection of dharmas, without ultimate reality. In the higher schools of Buddhist philosophy it is shown that ''dharmas'' themselves have no ultimate existence: their Suchness, or true nature, is to be Empty (or pure) of true existence. 2. The Dharma that is one of the Three Jewels of Refuge (Buddha, Dharma and Saṅgha) is the realizations and abandonments in the mind of a Buddha. 3. 'The Dharma' frequently means the Doctrine of the Buddha, Truth, what is right.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# e26e411bdafceb3b7567b656d2dc9f34
the tree ''Jonesia asoka'', with magnificent red flowers. Lit. 'sorrowless'
mya ngan med pa,mya ngan 'tshang;Aśoka;the tree ''Jonesia asoka'', with magnificent red flowers. Lit. 'sorrowless'
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# c9b2bbfcf2aba7b0cae0ed09a3da41c4
Fragrant aloe-wood;fragrant aloe-wood;agaru;Agallochum, Amyris agallocha
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mi 'jigs pa;Fearlessnesses,four;fearlessnesses,four;vaiśdradya;see p. 408, n.16.
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the terrible judge of the dead, king of the ''pretas'' in the underground Yama-world (''yama-loka'') and also guardian of the southern quarter. The 'Yamas' are either the ''pretas'' or his servants who on his orders throw sinners into hell (AdK, III pp. 153,156).
gshin rje;Yama;kīnāśa;the terrible judge of the dead, king of the ''pretas'' in the underground Yama-world (''yama-loka'') and also guardian of the southern quarter. The 'Yamas' are either the ''pretas'' or his servants who on his orders throw sinners into hell (AdK, III pp. 153,156).
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n. of several plants — ''Mesua roxburghii, Rottlera tinctoria'' and ''Michelia champaka'' — or may =''nāga-puṣpikā'', yellow jasmine.
Nāga-puṣpa;n. of several plants — ''Mesua roxburghii, Rottlera tinctoria'' and ''Michelia champaka'' — or may =''nāga-puṣpikā'', yellow jasmine.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# b6ac2ee303c6d9c27aa107a80428fd56
synonym for ''saṃsāra''. The three becomings (or states of existence) are the Desire Realm, Form Realm and Formless Realm.
srid pa;Becoming;becoming;bhava;synonym for ''saṃsāra''. The three becomings (or states of existence) are the Desire Realm, Form Realm and Formless Realm.
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rje btsun ma;Venerable;venerable;bhaṭṭārikā;common title of Tārā.
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prominent Hīnayānist school, to which in the seventh century more than a quarter of the Buddhist monks in India were counted as belonging. They were notorious for their heretical, 'Personalist' views and often their bigotry and moral depravity.
Saṃmatīya;prominent Hīnayānist school, to which in the seventh century more than a quarter of the Buddhist monks in India were counted as belonging. They were notorious for their heretical, 'Personalist' views and often their bigotry and moral depravity.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# a2a571356e35156e7e3a81176a0d46b3
sgo gsum;Doors,three;doors,three;body, speech and mind
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dpe byad;Signs,eighty;signs,eighty;anuvyañjana;see Marks and Signs.
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rig pa'i rgyal mo;Queen of Knowledge,Queen of Mantra;queen of knowledge,queen of mantra;vidyā-rājñī
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the three Deliverances, or Doors of Deliverance
Emptiness,Signlessness and Wishlessness;emptiness,signlessness and wishlessness;śūnyatā,animitta,apraṇihita;the three Deliverances, or Doors of Deliverance
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generally means a world or world-system.
'jig rten gyi khams;World-element;world-element;loka-dhātu;generally means a world or world-system.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 4bca2dcd71a1f44fef21b6fc3af28778
'He who holds a ''vajra'' in his hand', n. of a Bodhisattva and Tantric deity, a ''yakṣa'' prince.
phyag na rdo rje;Vajrapāṇi;'He who holds a ''vajra'' in his hand', n. of a Bodhisattva and Tantric deity, a ''yakṣa'' prince.
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cang te'u;ḍāmaru;Ḍamaru;ḍamaru;Tantric drum
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dmangs rigs;''Śūdra'' caste;''śūdra'' caste;Śūdra;the menial classes
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a Tibetan-style book, made of long strips of paper, unbound, in imitation of the Indian palm-leaf manuscripts.
dpe cha;Pe-cha;pe-cha;a Tibetan-style book, made of long strips of paper, unbound, in imitation of the Indian palm-leaf manuscripts.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# f5f671c274487f0aec7e8ce494c51a3e
rnam par rtog pa,rnam rtog;Conceptualizations,conceptions,concepts;conceptualizations,conceptions,concepts;vikalpa;conceptual thoughts
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concentration of the mind on a single object.
ting nge 'dzin;Samādhi;concentration of the mind on a single object.
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Tārā's flower, the blue lotus, whose earthly representative is ''Nymphaea caerulea''.
Utpala;Tārā's flower, the blue lotus, whose earthly representative is ''Nymphaea caerulea''.
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'Unfailing Accomplishment', n. of a Buddha, Lord of the Action Family.
'Imperturbable',n. of a Buddha,Lord of the Vajra Family;Amoghasiddhi;'Unfailing Accomplishment', n. of a Buddha, Lord of the Action Family.
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Indian measure of distance equal to 16000 cubits, or about 4.5 miles (7.4 km); definitions differing by a factor of two are also given.
dpag tshad;Yojana;Indian measure of distance equal to 16000 cubits, or about 4.5 miles (7.4 km);definitions differing by a factor of two are also given.
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bcom ldan 'das;Lord;lord;bhagavan;a title of male Buddhas
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ten aspects of the Omniscience of a Buddha, understanding karmic causes etc. See p. 407, n.10.
stobs;Powers,ten;powers,ten;bala;ten aspects of the Omniscience of a Buddha, understanding karmic causes etc. See p. 407, n.10.
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a kind of cloth worn by ''devas''; according to Dharmabhadra and Ch, 'five-coloured'.
Pañcalika;a kind of cloth worn by ''devas'';according to Dharmabhadra and Ch, 'five-coloured'.
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bya rgyud;Kriyā-tantra;lowest of the four levels of Tantra
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bden;Truths,the two;truths,the two;satya;Ultimate and conventional
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sdig pa;Evil,sin;evil,sin;pāpa;unwholesome karma
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sixty qualities are ascribed to the Buddha's voice in a Sūtra.
gsung dbyangs yan lag drug cu;Voice of sixty qualities,of sixty melodious aspects;voice of sixty qualities,of sixty melodious aspects;sixty qualities are ascribed to the Buddha's voice in a Sūtra.
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a mother-goddess, identified with Pārvatī, Durgā, etc.; it is prophesied that she will one day be reborn as the Buddha Umeśvara.
U ma;Umā;a mother-goddess, identified with Pārvatī, Durgā, etc.;it is prophesied that she will one day be reborn as the Buddha Umeśvara.
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rtsod dus;Age of Strife;age of strife;kali-yuga;the present world-age
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 76872f20af2a3cffb23fb3285f1bc0c6
divine energy or power, personified as female in Hindu Tantra. The term is never used for female deities in Buddhist Tantra, and would for most of them be inappropriate, though Tārā might be an exception.
Śakti;divine energy or power, personified as female in Hindu Tantra. The term is never used for female deities in Buddhist Tantra, and would for most of them be inappropriate, though Tārā might be an exception.
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samsaric being temporarily enjoying a heavenly state of existence
lha;god;god;Deva;samsaric being temporarily enjoying a heavenly state of existence
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 67182ca0b4ae649f43dfc22a6e93d74e
lit. 'tint, colour': a mode in Indian classical music
Rāga;lit. 'tint, colour': a mode in Indian classical music
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# cbe7768abe722d110387fbdf40ded625
'Middle Way System', highest philosophical system of Indian Buddhism.
dbu ma;Madhyamaka;'Middle Way System', highest philosophical system of Indian Buddhism.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# f13211a8e33d688d7a0b416dce49661e
the lack of true, independent self-existence.
bdag med;Non-self;non-self;nairātmya;the lack of true, independent self-existence.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 3c64730f6d1a57cfea74f47086976550
'Precious One', Tib, title for someone identified as the rebirth of an earlier distinguished Dharma practitioner. Also called Tülku (''sprul sku''), lit. ''Nirmāṇa-kāya'' but in most cases simply a courtesy title.
rin po che;Rinpoche,rim-po-ch'é;rinpoche,rim-po-ch'é;'Precious One', Tib, title for someone identified as the rebirth of an earlier distinguished Dharma practitioner. Also called Tülku (''sprul sku''), lit. ''Nirmāṇa-kāya'' but in most cases simply a courtesy title.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 4d2e2cbcf1634904c19f9be2ac9997df
ye shes;Gnosis;gnosis;jñāna;Wisdom-knowledge
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gesture in which the arm is outstretched with all the fingers extended and the palm outwards
mchog sbyin pa;Boon-granting;boon-granting;vara-da;gesture in which the arm is outstretched with all the fingers extended and the palm outwards
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'Lord', 'Blessed One'; fem. ''Bhagavatī'': a title of Buddhas
bcom ldan 'das;Bhagavan;'Lord', 'Blessed One';fem. ''Bhagavatī'': a title of Buddhas
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 319be2eadc33c8cca6fede5f6d7b3242
any beings who have not yet attained Buddhahood.
sems can,'gro ba;Sentient beings;sentient beings;sattva,jagat;any beings who have not yet attained Buddhahood.
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'He who looks down from on high', n. of a Bodhisattva, often called Avalokiteśvara (''spyan ras gzigs dbang phyugs'') 'Lord Avalokita', Āryâvalokiteśvara 'Noble Lord A.', etc.
spyan ras gzigs;Avalokita;'He who looks down from on high', n. of a Bodhisattva, often called Avalokiteśvara (''spyan ras gzigs dbang phyugs'') 'Lord Avalokita', Āryâvalokiteśvara 'Noble Lord A.', etc.
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mythical beings with a horse's head and a human body (or vice versa). They became celebrated as celestial musicians, along with the ''gandharvas''.
mi'am ci;kiṃnara;Kinnara;kinnara;mythical beings with a horse's head and a human body (or vice versa). They became celebrated as celestial musicians, along with the ''gandharvas''.
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dge ba'i bshes gnyen,bshes gnyen dam pa;Spiritual Friend;spiritual friend;kalyāṇa-mitra;Guru.
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meditative absorption, concentration meditation, n. of the fifth Perfection. Four form and four formless ''dhyānas'' are taught
bsam gtan;Dhyāna;meditative absorption, concentration meditation, n. of the fifth Perfection. Four form and four formless ''dhyānas'' are taught
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tshangs pa'i srin po;Brahma-rākṣasa;a type of demoniac spirit
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set of twenty-two prohibitions that anyone receiving an empowerment of ''Yoga-tantra'' or ''Anuttara-yoga-tantra'' must undertake to observe. See Lessing & Wayman, 328-9.
sngags kyi sdom pa;Tantric vows;tantric vows;mantra-saṃvara;set of twenty-two prohibitions that anyone receiving an empowerment of ''Yoga-tantra'' or ''Anuttara-yoga-tantra'' must undertake to observe. See Lessing & Wayman, 328-9.
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when seven suns blaze and the whole world is consumed in a firestorm
'jig dus;Age of Destruction;age of destruction;when seven suns blaze and the whole world is consumed in a firestorm
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'jam dbyangs;Mañjughoṣa;'the Sweet-voiced', a form of Mañjuśrī.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 1c65be15123bf087b153808c8ead6fa3
the Southern Continent of Indian mythical geography, often identified with the Indian subcontinent; but from the point of view of the characteristics of its human inhabitants, all this Earth is classed as Jambudvīpa. I have usually translated it as 'India' or 'our world' according to the context.
'dzam bu gling;Jambudvīpa;the Southern Continent of Indian mythical geography, often identified with the Indian subcontinent;but from the point of view of the characteristics of its human inhabitants, all this Earth is classed as Jambudvīpa. I have usually translated it as 'India' or 'our world' according to the context.
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giving, pleasant speech, helping, and consistency.
bsdu ba;Attractions,four or Means of Attraction;attractions,four or means of attraction;saṃgraha;giving, pleasant speech, helping, and consistency.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 79adc943c8010e7a6f45e918f9bda7b4
the thirty-two characteristic Marks and eighty minor Signs of a Great Being (a Universal Monarch or a Buddha), such as thousand-spoked wheels on the palms and soles, the hairs of the body pointing upwards, and copper-coloured nails. See Conze, ''Large Sutra'', Appendix II.
mtshan dang dpe byad,mtshan dpe;Marks and Signs;marks and signs;lakṣaṇânuvyañjana;the thirty-two characteristic Marks and eighty minor Signs of a Great Being (a Universal Monarch or a Buddha), such as thousand-spoked wheels on the palms and soles, the hairs of the body pointing upwards, and copper-coloured nails. See Conze, ''Large Sutra'', Appendix II.
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release from the bondage of ''saṃsāra'', whether as an ''Arhant'' or as a Buddha, the latter being 'Great L.'
thar pa;Liberation,Freedom;liberation,freedom;mokṣa;release from the bondage of ''saṃsāra'', whether as an ''Arhant'' or as a Buddha, the latter being 'Great L.'
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escape from the world, in that one understands so well the faults of even the best of samsaric life that it arouses no attachment in one.
nges 'byung;Renunciation;renunciation;niḥsaraṇa;escape from the world, in that one understands so well the faults of even the best of samsaric life that it arouses no attachment in one.
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the edible white water-lily, Nymphaea esculenta.
Kumuda;the edible white water-lily, Nymphaea esculenta.
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thar pa;Freedom;freedom;mokṣa;Liberation
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'the Friendly', n. of a Bodhisattva now residing in Tuṣita, who is to appear on Earth as the next Universal Buddha.
byams pa;Maitrey;'the Friendly', n. of a Bodhisattva now residing in Tuṣita, who is to appear on Earth as the next Universal Buddha.
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bying rgod;Agitation and fading;agitation and fading;ḷayauddhatya;faults of meditation
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pertaining to the Yogācāra, a Mahāyāna philosophical school also known as Citta-mātra.
Yoġacārin;pertaining to the Yogācāra, a Mahāyāna philosophical school also known as Citta-mātra.
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perhaps an error for ''bimbā, Momordica monadelpha'', a plant with bright red gourd fruits.
shing bim pa la;Bimpala tree;bimpala tree;Bimpala;perhaps an error for ''bimbā, Momordica monadelpha'', a plant with bright red gourd fruits.
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the white thorn-apple, ''Datura alba'', mentioned in commentary to MA VI.25 as a drug that distorts the perceptions
da du ra,dha du ra;dhattūra;Datura;datura;the white thorn-apple, ''Datura alba'', mentioned in commentary to MA VI.25 as a drug that distorts the perceptions
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bde ba can;Sukhāvatī;'Blissful', n. of Amitābha's Pure Land.
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'Lord', Hindu non-sectarian term for 'God', but sometimes treated as synonymous with Śiva
dbang phyug;Īśvara;'Lord', Hindu non-sectarian term for 'God', but sometimes treated as synonymous with Śiva
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a ''Saṃbhoga-kāya'' or ''Nirmāṇa-kāya'' of a Buddha — what we would call Her 'Body' as contrasted with the ''Dharmakāya'', which is Her Mind.
gzugs sku;Form-body;form-body;rūpa-kāya;a ''Saṃbhoga-kāya'' or ''Nirmāṇa-kāya'' of a Buddha — what we would call Her 'Body' as contrasted with the ''Dharmakāya'', which is Her Mind.
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unwholesome tendencies, much the same as defilements.
bag la nyal;Predisposition;predisposition;anuśaya;unwholesome tendencies, much the same as defilements.
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one who rules over the four continents of human beings. He bears the thirty-two Marks of a Great Being, and is assisted in his rule by the Seven precious Things (''sapta-ratna''), listed in Sarvajña-mitra's verse 24, the precious wheel etc. These have remarkable magical properties, and are also interpreted as symbolic of the seven Enlightenment factors (''bodhyaṅga, byang chub kyi yan lag''), mindfulness etc.
'khor los bsgyur ba'i rgyal po;Universal Monarch,emperor;universal monarch,emperor;cakravartin;one who rules over the four continents of human beings. He bears the thirty-two Marks of a Great Being, and is assisted in his rule by the Seven precious Things (''sapta-ratna''), listed in Sarvajña-mitra's verse 24, the precious wheel etc. These have remarkable magical properties, and are also interpreted as symbolic of the seven Enlightenment factors (''bodhyaṅga, byang chub kyi yan lag''), mindfulness etc.
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''lalitāsana'' is a name for Green Tārā's usual sitting posture (right leg lowered), but this meaning is not always applicable in the texts translated here.
'gying bag can,rol pa;Graceful;graceful;līlā,lalita;''lalitāsana'' is a name for Green Tārā's usual sitting posture (right leg lowered), but this meaning is not always applicable in the texts translated here.
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(meaning confirmed by Jackson & Jackson).
mu men;Lapis lazuli;lapis lazuli;rājāvarta;(meaning confirmed by Jackson & Jackson).
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a posture, either sitting or standing, in which the left leg is bent more sharply than the right
'Imperturbable',n. of a Buddha,Lord of the Vajra Family;Ālīḍha;a posture, either sitting or standing, in which the left leg is bent more sharply than the right
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'Imperturbable', n. of a Buddha, Lord of the Vajra Family
mi bskyod pa;Akṣobhya;'Imperturbable', n. of a Buddha, Lord of the Vajra Family
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'this life's f.' will mean everything making up one's present personality, formed by a coming-together of causes and conditions. However, the same word is also used for volitions, the karmic motivations created in this life that contribute to shaping future lives.
'du byed;Formations;formations;saṃskāra;'this life's f.' will mean everything making up one's present personality, formed by a coming-together of causes and conditions. However, the same word is also used for volitions, the karmic motivations created in this life that contribute to shaping future lives.
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title given to spiritual teachers and learned scholars.
slob dpon;Master;master;ācārya;title given to spiritual teachers and learned scholars.
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beings of the form of women, of many types from witches and fiends, through various grades of guardians of the Doctrine, to fully Enlightened deities
mkha 'gro ma;Ḍākinī;beings of the form of women, of many types from witches and fiends, through various grades of guardians of the Doctrine, to fully Enlightened deities
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the essential dependence of things on each other, whereby they are empty of independent self-existence; causality, expressed in a formula of twelve links
rten cing 'brel bar 'byung ba,rten brel byung;Dependent Arising;dependent arising;pratītya-samutpāda;the essential dependence of things on each other, whereby they are empty of independent self-existence;causality, expressed in a formula of twelve links
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in the set Loving-kindness, Compassion, Joy and Equanimity — the Four Immeasurables — it is Skt. ''muditā'' and implies joy in the virtues and happiness of others
dga' ba;Joy;joy;muditā;in the set Loving-kindness, Compassion, Joy and Equanimity — the Four Immeasurables — it is Skt. ''muditā'' and implies joy in the virtues and happiness of others
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Skanda is the Brahmanical god of war, leader of demons that cause illness in children, and the god of thieves. 'The ''skandas'' ' are no doubt these demons, however the Tib. name, which means 'drier-up', is puzzling.
skem byed;Skanda;Skanda is the Brahmanical god of war, leader of demons that cause illness in children, and the god of thieves. 'The ''skandas'' ' are no doubt these demons, however the Tib. name, which means 'drier-up', is puzzling.
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'Lord of the World', a title of the Bodhisattva Lord Avalokita.
'jig rten dbang phyug;Lokeśvara;'Lord of the World', a title of the Bodhisattva Lord Avalokita.
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tshangs pa'i dbyangs;Brahmic voice,tones of Brahmā,etc.;brahmic voice,tones of brahmā,etc.;brahma-ghoṣa;common description of a Buddha's speech
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rig 'dzin,rig 'dzin ma;Knowledge-holder,Bearer of knowledge,see ''Vidyādhara''.;knowledge-holder,bearer of knowledge,see ''vidyādhara''.;vidyā-dhara,fem. vidyā-dharī
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rnal 'byor rgyud;Yoga-tantra;third of the four levels of Tantra.
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'seer', inspired Vedic sage, Brahmanical ascetic with magical powers.
drang srong;Ṛṣi;'seer', inspired Vedic sage, Brahmanical ascetic with magical powers.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 56bd395f0559d7589e4dd6b380c74965
milk, sour milk or yogurt, butter, dung, urine
ba'i rnam lnga;Cow-products,five;cow-products,five;pañca-gavya;milk, sour milk or yogurt, butter, dung, urine
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'the Sun-like', n. of a Buddha, Lord of the Tathāgata Family.
rnam par snang mdzad;Vairocana;'the Sun-like', n. of a Buddha, Lord of the Tathāgata Family.
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a fully-ordained Buddhist monk, observing 253 rules (or thereabouts)
dge slong;Bhikṣu;a fully-ordained Buddhist monk, observing 253 rules (or thereabouts)
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skyil (mo) krung phyed pa;Ardha-paryaṅk;'half-cross-legged' position
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fluid that exudes from bumps on the temples of a male elephant when he is in rut.
myos pa'i chu,myos byed chu po;Rut-fluid;rut-fluid;mada,dānaṃbhas;fluid that exudes from bumps on the temples of a male elephant when he is in rut.
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dkon mchog gsum;Triple Gem;triple gem;tri-ratna;the Buddha, Dharma and Saṅgha Refuges.
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head (=body), throat (=speech), heart (=mind).
gnas gsum;Places,three;places,three;head (=body), throat (=speech), heart (=mind).
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the Ultimate Mode of Being of all things
stong pa nyid;Emptiness;emptiness;śūnyatā;the Ultimate Mode of Being of all things
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dug;Poisons,three;poisons,three;viṣa;greed, hate, delusion.
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e.g. space, temporary absence of defilements, final cessation of obscurations, Emptiness, ''Nirvāṇa''.
'dus ma byas pa;Unconditioned;unconditioned;a-saṃskṛta;e.g. space, temporary absence of defilements, final cessation of obscurations, Emptiness, ''Nirvāṇa''.
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the present age, when the five degenerations are rife — those of lifetime, the era, beings, views and defilements
snyigs dus;Degenerate age,times of decline,etc.;degenerate age,times of decline,etc.;the present age, when the five degenerations are rife — those of lifetime, the era, beings, views and defilements
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sprul pa'i sku;Nirmāṇa-kāya,nirmāṇakāya;Emanation Body of a Buddha, see p. 273.
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'dren pa;Guide;guide;nāyaka;common epithet of a Buddha
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'the Joyous', n. of the Pure Land of the thousand Buddhas of this eon, inhabited only by Bodhisattvas and Buddhas.
dga' ldan;Tuṣita;'the Joyous', n. of the Pure Land of the thousand Buddhas of this eon, inhabited only by Bodhisattvas and Buddhas.
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yang dag rdzogs sangs rgyas;Perfect Buddha;perfect buddha;samyak-saṃbuddha
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chags pa;Greed;greed;rāga;one of the three poisons
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Blessed One;blessed one;bhagavant,bhagavatī;Buddha
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a dome-shaped monument housing relics of the Buddha or some revered person, embodying in its form an elaborate symbolism.
mchod rten;Stūpa;a dome-shaped monument housing relics of the Buddha or some revered person, embodying in its form an elaborate symbolism.
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female deity considered a form of Tārā, whose particular function is subjugating, hence Her red colour.
ku ru kulle;Kurukullā;female deity considered a form of Tārā, whose particular function is subjugating, hence Her red colour.
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yang dag par rdzogs pa'i sangs rgyas;Complete and Perfect Buddha;complete and perfect buddha;samyak-saṃbuddha
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byang chub;Awakening;awakening;bodhi;Enlightenment.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# c2845b993198581ca6ae6e6197bb8048
a kind of demon or spirit that occupies dead bodies
ro langs;Corpse-raiser,corpse-raising spirit;corpse-raiser,corpse-raising spirit;vetāla;a kind of demon or spirit that occupies dead bodies
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 0a4d74a760394237e46bd78056a95420
Union of the Illusory Body and Clear Light, final section of the Completing Stage. The U of the Four ''Kāyas'', or U Beyond Learning, is Buddhahood.
zung 'jug;Union,Unification;union,unification;yuganaddha;Union of the Illusory Body and Clear Light, final section of the Completing Stage. The U of the Four ''Kāyas'', or U Beyond Learning, is Buddhahood.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 948801c55a5d65410320f1497324a907
the trainings relating to Morality, to Concentration, and to Wisdom.
bslab pa gsum;Training,threefold;training,threefold;tri-śikṣā;the trainings relating to Morality, to Concentration, and to Wisdom.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# d3d2b730d456fbd7700c171e7c5489e0
grangs med pa;Countless;countless;asaṃkhya,asaṃkhyeya;a very large finite number
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a half-line of Skt verse (usually becoming a whole line in Tib. translation).
Pāda;a half-line of Skt verse (usually becoming a whole line in Tib. translation).
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 22dd9da008a2284463a9c7a81ed9e904
the 'Lesser Vehicle' — the Buddhist practices of those who have taken Refuge in the Three Jewels but are not and do not aspire to be Bodhisattvas, and the schools advocating such an attitude
theg dman;Hīnayāna;the 'Lesser Vehicle' — the Buddhist practices of those who have taken Refuge in the Three Jewels but are not and do not aspire to be Bodhisattvas, and the schools advocating such an attitude
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 44c733c5caf9edb572698628db0b770b
'Highest Yoga Tantra', highest of the four levels of Tantra.
(rnal 'byor) bla med (kyi) rgyud);Anuttara-yoga-tantra;'Highest Yoga Tantra', highest of the four levels of Tantra.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 7a578dd8dbe7e9b23f5719e67d65cb82
probably 'the Pervader'; as preserver of the universe, he forms part of the Hindu triad of gods, with Brahma the creator and Śiva the destroyer.
khyab 'jug;Viṣṇu;probably 'the Pervader';as preserver of the universe, he forms part of the Hindu triad of gods, with Brahma the creator and Śiva the destroyer.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# a8537c6d666db036a021f7031b9cde2c
'community, congregation'. The Saṅgha in which one takes Refuge is the Community of Saints, or ''Ārya'' Beings — those of the Hīnayāna, the ''Śrāvaka'' and ''Pratyekabuddha Āryas''; those of the Mahāyāna, the ''Ārya'' Bodhisattvas and Buddhas; and those of the Vajrayāna, the Heroes, ''Ḍākinīs'', etc. This is Ultimate Saṅgha; Relative Saṅgha is the community of ordained monks and nuns, which should be honoured as representing the actual Saṅgha Refuge just as Buddha-images and sacred texts should be revered as representing the actual Buddha and Dharma.
dge 'dun;Saṅgha;'community, congregation'. The Saṅgha in which one takes Refuge is the Community of Saints, or ''Ārya'' Beings — those of the Hīnayāna, the ''Śrāvaka'' and ''Pratyekabuddha Āryas'';those of the Mahāyāna, the ''Ārya'' Bodhisattvas and Buddhas;and those of the Vajrayāna, the Heroes, ''Ḍākinīs'', etc. This is Ultimate Saṅgha;Relative Saṅgha is the community of ordained monks and nuns, which should be honoured as representing the actual Saṅgha Refuge just as Buddha-images and sacred texts should be revered as representing the actual Buddha and Dharma.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# f20961070b551e0a44ff73e4374658f2
see Defilement. The five ''kleśa'' and their relation to the Buddhas of the Five Families and their Wisdom-knowledges are given in ''Hevajra-tantra'' II.ii.52—59 and II.iv.101 and its commentaries as follows. Hatred when purified is Akṣobhya and his ''Dharmadhātu'' Wisdom-knowledge; delusion, Vairocana and the Mirror Wisdom knowledge; avarice, Ratnasaṃbhava and the Wisdom knowledge of Equality; greed, Amitābha and the Discriminating Wisdom-knowledge; and envy, Amoghasiddhi and the Wisdom-knowledge of Doing What Is to be Done.
nyon mongs;Kleśa;see Defilement. The five ''kleśa'' and their relation to the Buddhas of the Five Families and their Wisdom-knowledges are given in ''Hevajra-tantra'' II.ii.52—59 and II.iv.101 and its commentaries as follows. Hatred when purified is Akṣobhya and his ''Dharmadhātu'' Wisdom-knowledge;delusion, Vairocana and the Mirror Wisdom knowledge;avarice, Ratnasaṃbhava and the Wisdom knowledge of Equality;greed, Amitābha and the Discriminating Wisdom-knowledge;and envy, Amoghasiddhi and the Wisdom-knowledge of Doing What Is to be Done.
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fem. ''kalaviṅkā (ka la bing ka mā)'': the Indian cuckoo, to whose sweet song the Buddha's voice is often compared
ka la bing ka mā;Kalaviṅka,kalaviṅkā;fem. ''kalaviṅkā (ka la bing ka mā)'': the Indian cuckoo, to whose sweet song the Buddha's voice is often compared
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 91ad00f26404344943820eb96db7efb1
'byung ba;Elements,four;elements,four;bhūta;earth, water, fire, air
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# f321a7e66eec52290339954831ba4e95
negative emotions involving one or more of the three poisons (greed, hate and delusion), under whose influence we create actions that cause us to be reborn in ''saṃsāra''. They include six root defilements — ignorance, attachment, aversion, pride, defiled doubt and wrong view — and secondary defilements, sometimes counted as twenty
nyon mongs pa;Defilement;defilement;kleśa;negative emotions involving one or more of the three poisons (greed, hate and delusion), under whose influence we create actions that cause us to be reborn in ''saṃsāra''. They include six root defilements — ignorance, attachment, aversion, pride, defiled doubt and wrong view — and secondary defilements, sometimes counted as twenty
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lto 'phye chen po;Mahorag;'great serpent', a class of demons
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chos nyid,gnas lugs;True Nature;true nature;dharmatā;Ultimate Truth, Emptiness.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 2933cee8a530da9016e20601c3669260
Vedic goddess of a now dried-up river, who became patron deity of poetry, music, science and all the creative arts, and in much this form was adopted into the Buddhist pantheon, with Mañjuśrī as Her consort.
dbyangs can ma;Sarasvatī;Vedic goddess of a now dried-up river, who became patron deity of poetry, music, science and all the creative arts, and in much this form was adopted into the Buddhist pantheon, with Mañjuśrī as Her consort.
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following the Nyāya system of Brahmanical philosophy.
Naiyāyika;following the Nyāya system of Brahmanical philosophy.
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tshad med pa;Immeasurables,Four;immeasurables,four;apramāṇa
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 64887fb8cd20581a1944ef35d3a94b7f
'a kind of evil spirit, often associated with ''vetālas' ''
byad;Kākhorda;'a kind of evil spirit, often associated with ''vetālas' ''
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# e4f51b6ee5bf17b29899bb0ccdf96e68
Buddha. The five ''Jinas ((rgyal ba) rigs lnga)'' are the Lords of the Five Families
rgyal ba;Conqueror;conqueror;Jina;Buddha. The five ''Jinas ((rgyal ba) rigs lnga)'' are the Lords of the Five Families
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usually for 'migrating beings' ('''"`UNIQ--nowiki-0002FE17-QINU`"'gro ba'') or 'sentient beings' (''sattva, sems can'') — it excludes Enlightened Beings unless written with a capital B.
'gro ba,sems can;Beings;beings;sattva;usually for 'migrating beings' ('''"`UNIQ--nowiki-0002FE17-QINU`"'gro ba'') or 'sentient beings' (''sattva, sems can'') — it excludes Enlightened Beings unless written with a capital B.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# a0363d37994c68140027481349fcbbba
success, attainment, esp. magical attainment such as flying in the sky, becoming invisible, everlasting youth, or powers of transmutation. They are divided into supreme s. (''mchog gi dngos grub'') and ordinary or common s. (''mthun mong gi dngos grub''), see Beyer 245—255.
dngos grub;Siddhi;success, attainment, esp. magical attainment such as flying in the sky, becoming invisible, everlasting youth, or powers of transmutation. They are divided into supreme s. (''mchog gi dngos grub'') and ordinary or common s. (''mthun mong gi dngos grub''), see Beyer 245—255.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 07241fa9b764df4ae53083042400c69d
zag med;Uncontaminated,uncontaminate,unpolluted;uncontaminated,uncontaminate,unpolluted;an-āsrava
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 0ca7e54e146ead526b8e6e5163606443
the four empowerments, consecrations or initiations are the Flask, Secret, Wisdom-knowledge and Word Empowerments of ''Anuttara-yoga-tantra''
dbang bskur ba;Empowerment;empowerment;abhiṣeka;the four empowerments, consecrations or initiations are the Flask, Secret, Wisdom-knowledge and Word Empowerments of ''Anuttara-yoga-tantra''
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# a7b2c92db18fa3cacb2ba7a18472121a
thread worn over the shoulder by brahmans.
tshangs skud;Sacred thread;sacred thread;brahma-sūtra;thread worn over the shoulder by brahmans.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# e133a7ce9c8a43ff413c1ad232519093
sentient beings, wandering continually from one samsaric existence to another.
'gro ba,'gro rnams;Migrators,migrating being;migrators,migrating being;jagat;sentient beings, wandering continually from one samsaric existence to another.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# e18c3e14c370353feea73d0a5f755a28
a class of semidivine beings, generally beneficent but sometimes malignant so that it is well to propitiate them with offerings. Many are local divinities of the countryside, often dwelling in sacred trees and guarding the treasure buried nearby. Others live on Mount Meru, guarding the realm of the gods. They are ruled by ĸubera, the god of wealth and guardian of the northern quarter.
gnod sbyin;Yakṣa;a class of semidivine beings, generally beneficent but sometimes malignant so that it is well to propitiate them with offerings. Many are local divinities of the countryside, often dwelling in sacred trees and guarding the treasure buried nearby. Others live on Mount Meru, guarding the realm of the gods. They are ruled by ĸubera, the god of wealth and guardian of the northern quarter.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# ff227facbb775a9014767dc6cdc9ffbd
the Buddhist Doctrine;the buddhist doctrine;Buddha-dharma
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 6b7ae59d6cb6b0af617a37096e348cba
Tibetans tend to attribute many, if not most hindrances to demons, sentient beings of the ''preta'' class
bgegs;Hindrance,hindering demon;hindrance,hindering demon;vighna;Tibetans tend to attribute many, if not most hindrances to demons, sentient beings of the ''preta'' class
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 29978e56fce8b18b3224fcf44077801d
first of the two Stages of ''Anuttara-yoga-tantra''
bskyed rim;Developing Stage;developing stage;utpatti-krama;first of the two Stages of ''Anuttara-yoga-tantra''
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# ee2e1e401b8ee48ad5be8fee4f60ac2f
yang dag pa'i mtha';True Goal;true goal;bhūta-koṭi;Ultimate Truth, Emptiness.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 9830379d36ae2c30ca07ff24be5937c4
perfected one, realized one, adept who has attained ''siddhi''.
grub thob,grub pa;Siddha;perfected one, realized one, adept who has attained ''siddhi''.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# e1205d940dd64fba64830b8d3bb30f26
the books of 'sacred knowledge' — hymns and rituals — of the Aryans who invaded India c. 1700 BC, completed by about 800 BC.
rig byed;Veda;the books of 'sacred knowledge' — hymns and rituals — of the Aryans who invaded India c. 1700 BC, completed by about 800 BC.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# b7c1c51c2742ff3c9e7c1779b0988856
dpal;Śrī;'glorious, holy', a respectful title.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 2346a6eba9fa71044347cb3edef96d1c
class of celestial spirits, noted for their musical talents. They have healing powers but can also cause insanity. A 'city of the ''gandharvas' (gandharvanagara, dri za'i grong khyer)'' is an imaginary city in the sky, like a fairy castle in the clouds.
dri za;Gandharva;class of celestial spirits, noted for their musical talents. They have healing powers but can also cause insanity. A 'city of the ''gandharvas' (gandharvanagara, dri za'i grong khyer)'' is an imaginary city in the sky, like a fairy castle in the clouds.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# ba444ac5e65f0e0b4148dfc38d967402
e.g. disbelief in rebirth and the laws of actions and results.
log lta;Perverse view;perverse view;mithyā-dṛṣṭi;e.g. disbelief in rebirth and the laws of actions and results.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# eb0121d6e770b1b15bded9a3686d1adc
grammar, dialectics, medicine, arts and crafts, and religious philosophy.
rig pa'i gnas;Sciences,the five;sciences,the five;vidyā-sthāna;grammar, dialectics, medicine, arts and crafts, and religious philosophy.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 3e57c446978d88dc019143107f6c4db8
see pp.46—7. 'Six F.' are obtained by adding Vajrasattva (''Hevajra-tantra'' II. iv. 100—102).
rigs;Families,five;families,five;kula;see pp.46—7. 'Six F.' are obtained by adding Vajrasattva (''Hevajra-tantra'' II. iv. 100—102).
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 7d223ce06164a989d9542b006b34b6f8
a commentary (esp. on another commentary).
Ṭīkā;a commentary (esp. on another commentary).
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# b532586d06d8fcbc7e8751f35bdf7622
gsang sngags;Secret Mantra;secret mantra;guhya-mantra;Tantra.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 6bb77d83b4168c56587f4c709a8ee041
'the Sage of the Śākyas', n. of the historical Buddha.
Shakya thub pa;Śākyamuni;'the Sage of the Śākyas', n. of the historical Buddha.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 7ce7fc3ecb31645ca649556c7a6553ab
an adherent of a non-Buddhist religion, esp, a Hindu, Jain or Lokāyata (Materialist).
mu stegs;Tīrthika;an adherent of a non-Buddhist religion, esp, a Hindu, Jain or Lokāyata (Materialist).
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 4cefaa79c0af3bab958766a3a1a5a4af
tshangs pa chen po;Mahābrahmā;'Great Brahmā', Brahmā.
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a Tantric chopping knife with an almost semicircular blade slightly hooked at one end and a ''vajra'' handle in the middle.
gri gug;Knife;knife;kartṛ,kartari;a Tantric chopping knife with an almost semicircular blade slightly hooked at one end and a ''vajra'' handle in the middle.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 023b4df370c0048d2b237bbd21fb5c52
'basket', collection of the Buddhist scriptures. There are three — Vinaya, Sůtra and Abhidharma.
sde snod;Piṭaka;'basket', collection of the Buddhist scriptures. There are three — Vinaya, Sůtra and Abhidharma.
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 6c45b63211e8063fa04886b6122f78e2
a mythical river formed by the juice of the fruits of the immense ''jambu'' tree (rose-apple tree, ''Eugenia jambolana'') growing on Mount Meru, with golden sand
'dzam bu chu bo;Jambu river;jambu river;a mythical river formed by the juice of the fruits of the immense ''jambu'' tree (rose-apple tree, ''Eugenia jambolana'') growing on Mount Meru, with golden sand
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/In Praise of Tara/Glossary# 888a1ee0e2e1a9bd08c97e612cfc5fc5
a Noble Being, or Saint — one who has realized the Path of direct Insight into Ultimate Reality. Āryā feminine of ''Ārya''
'phags pa,'phags ma;Ārya,Āryā;a Noble Being, or Saint — one who has realized the Path of direct Insight into Ultimate Reality. Āryā feminine of ''Ārya''
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ting nge 'dzin;Concentration;concentration;samādhi
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Bandhuka;the flower ''Pentapetes phoenicia''
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Anuṣṭubh;'praise', n. of a Skt verse metre
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