A term for enlightened masters in the tantric tradition. Siddha has the connotation of one who, besides being realized on the absolute level, is in tune with the magical possibilities of the phenomenal world. The eighty-four mahāsiddhas were a group of Indian yogins important to the Kagyü lineage in that they were the source of the vajrayāna that was brought to Tibet. Some were kings, some prostitutes, some wine-sellers, some humble tradesmen, some monks, some especially lazy. All were distinguished by their style of transforming unconventional circumstances into the path of realization. Tilopa, Nāropa, and Maitrlpa are among the eighty-four mahāsiddhas. "Mahāsiddha" has also come to refer generally to an accomplished or enlightened being. +
The two processes that constitute the ego of self and the ego of dharmas. Objects are fixated on (T: gzung-ba-yul) as solid independent existences, and the mind then grasps them (T: 'dzin-pa-sems). +
There are several traditional expositions of the stages of faith on the spiritual path. The most relevant here is: (1) sincere interest (T: dang-ba) in the three jewels as the source and guide on the path, (2) longing (T: 'dod-pa), being eager to pursue the path, and (3) trust (T: yid-ches-pa) arising from conviction in the cause and effect of karma and in the four noble truths. Here the student knows the dharma to be true. +
The third of the three jewels of refuge. In the narrow sense, saṅgha refers to Buddhist monks and nuns. In a mahāyāna sense, the mahāsaṅgha or greater saṅgha also includes the lay community. The vajra saṅgha includes vajrayāna practitioners who may be living as householders or as solitary yogins. The noble saṅgha, as an object of refuge, may also refer to the assembly of bodhisattvas and arhats, those who have attained realization. +
Renunciation arises from insight into the hopelessness and poison of saṃsāra. It is often said in the nontheistic tradition that renunciation is not something you do; rather, out of your ·experience, renunciation comes to you. ''See also''revulsion. +
A ceremony in which a master reads through a sādhana or liturgy, usually quite rapidly, thereby empowering the disciples to practice it. It is a type of permission-blessing. A lung may also be given on a text to be studied. ''See also'' abhiṣeka, permission-blessing, tri. +