sde snod gsum;Tripiṭaka;Literally, the "three baskets" or "collections" of scriptute setting forth the Buddhist teachings. These include the collections of ''Sūtra'' [Buddha's discourses], ''Vinaya'' [stories and axioms related to monastic discipline], and ''Abhidharma'' [later commentarial works]. +
dkyil 'khor;maṇḍala;The Tibetan compound term literally means "center and periphery." Maṇḍalas are diagrams or models, of the universe and of realiry itself, that are used as aids to meditative/spiritual transformation. They are usually represented as a diagram with a central deiry sutrounded by other symbolic components. Though they are often painted, they may be made of colored sand as well. They are always conceived of as being three-dimensional, and the constructed form has the basic structute of a palace having a center with four doors, or gates, in the cardinal directions. +
Jo-bo-rje;Atīśa;The eleventh-century Indian Buddhist sage who journeyed to Tibet in order to rejuvenate the Buddhist doctrine there. His teachings led to the creation of the Kadampa order of Buddhism in Tibet. +
kleśa;The "afflictive, defiling emotions," especially those forces primarily active in the production of ''saṃsāric'' states: greed, hatred, and ignorance. +
sprul sku;nirmanakaya;Literally, a "magically created body." The form assumed by enlightened beings in order to teach other sentient beings. Also, a title given to the recognized reincarnations of high ''lamas'' in Tibet. +
khor ba;saṃsāra;Literally, "continuous going," ''saṃsāra'' refers to the round of transmigratory experience, which arises chiefly out of ignorance and is characterized by suffering, uneasiness, pain, and discomfort. One who attains enlightenment is completely freed from this cycle. +
tin ne 'dzin;samādhi;The term used in meditation theory to denote the state of complete and total absorption, wherein consciousness and the object of meditation are unified. +