Property:Gloss-def
From Buddha-Nature
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(eighth century). One of the first Tibetan disciples of Guru Rinpoche and of Shantarakshita (by whom he was ordained and from whom he received his name). He was also a disciple of the Chinese master Shri Simha, and in addition received teachings in pure vision directly from Garab Dorje himself, thus becoming one of the conduits through which the Great Perfection teachings were introduced into Tibet. He was one of the earliest and greatest of the Tibetan translators of Buddhist sutras and tantras. +
lit. one who has gone to, and proceeds in, bliss. A synonym for Buddha. +
The name of a tenet system belonging to the Hinayana, notable for its elaborate system of logic and epistemology. +
Syllables or formulas that, when recited with appropriate visualization, and so on, protect the mind of the practitioner from ordinary perceptions. They are invocations to the yidam deity and manifestations of the deity in the form of sound. +
lit. method of practice. A systematized practice of the stage of generation comprising many steps and including the yogas related to the body, speech, and mind of the deity. +
lit. the loving one. The tenth-ground Bodhisattva now residing as the Buddha's regent in the heaven of Tushita. When the age of Shakyamuni ends, Maitreya will manifest in the world as the fifth Buddha of this fortunate kalpa. ''See also'' fortunate kalpa. +
A general term for a sphere or dimension in which a Buddha dwells. Buddhafields are categorized according to the three kayas, which are perceptible only to beings with corresponding realization. There are, in addition, pure lands or fields, emanated by Buddhas and Bodhisattvas of very high attainment, to which beings of appropriate karma and merit have access and where they are able to progress unhindered on the path. These pure lands are similar to the nirmanakaya buddhafields and are categorized according to their location, whether in the sky (''mkha' spyod''), on the earth's surface (''sa spyod''), or even in subterranean regions ('' 'og spyod''). The Glorious Copper-Colored Mountain of Guru Padmasambhava, the mountain of Potala of Avalokiteshvara, the hidden land of Shambhala, and so on are regarded as pure lands of this kind. +
A classification of worldly spirits into the categories of ging, dü, tsen, yaksha, rakshasa, mamo, rahula, and naga. On the inner level, they correspond to the eight kinds of consciousness, namely, the five sense consciousnesses, the mental consciousness, the defiled consciousness that conceives of "I," and the consciousness of the ''alaya'', the foundation of the mind that is the repository of karmic seeds and habitual tendencies. +
The enlightened body, speech, and mind. Also referred to as the three vajras. +
One of the most important monastic universities of medieval India. It was located at the birthplace of Shariputra to the north ofBodh Gaya (in present-day Bihar), not far from Vulture Peak, where the Buddha expounded his teachings on the Perfection of Wisdom. Nalanda grew to an immense size; it was famous all over Asia and was attended and administered by many of the greatest masters of Mahayana Buddhism. Founded in the second century and destroyed by the armies of Muhammad Khalji in 1235, Nalanda existed for a thousand years. +
The threefold structure according to which each Buddhist system expresses its overall view. Generally speaking, the ground is the true status of phenomena (as this is conceived in a given system), the path consists of the meditation performed within the framework of that view, and the fruit is the final result of the practice. In the tantra system, these are understood as forming a single continuum (this is the literal meaning of the word ''tantra''). In other words, the qualities of the path and fruit are already present, implicit in the ground. +
A representation of wisdom in female form. The dakinis are divided into several classes. There are wisdom dakinis who are fully enlightened and worldly dakinis who possess various spiritual powers. The wisdom dakinis are classified into five groups according to the five enlightened lineages ofTathagata, Vajra, Jewel, Lotus, and Action. ''See also'' five enlightened lineages. +
According to modern scholarship, an ancient kingdom located in the Swat valley, lying in what is now the northwest frontier province of Pakistan. It was renowned as the cradle of the Secret Mantra teachings and is often referred to in Tibetan literature as the land of dakinis (''mkha' 'gro gling''). +
lit. awareness-holder or knowledgeholder. A being of high attainment in the Vajrayana. According to the Nyingma tradition, there are four kinds of vidyadhara corresponding to the ten (or eleven) levels of realization of the sutra teachings. +
The Bodhisattva considered to be the embodiment of the compassion of all the Buddhas. He is also regarded as the sambhogakaya for the threefold grouping in which Amitabha is the dharmakaya and Guru Padmasambhava is the nirmanakaya. +
lit. body. According to the Mahayana, the support of the enlightened qualities of Buddhahood, generally subdivided into the dharmakaya, or "dharma body" (the emptiness aspect), and the rupakaya, or "form body" (the appearance aspect). The dharmakaya is the mode of being of Buddhahood itself; it is perceptible to Buddhas alone. The rupakaya is the means whereby a Buddha is perceptible to non-Buddhas. It is subdivided into the sambhogakaya, the "body of enjoyment" (the clarity aspect) perceptible to great Bodhisattvas on the tenth ground of realization, and the nirmanakaya, the "body of manifestation" perceptible to ordinary beings. +
Literally the "dharma-body." According to context, this refers simply to the dimension of emptiness of Buddhahood. Alternatively, it may indicate the union of emptiness and luminous primordial wisdom. +
lit. the essence of the Tathagata. ''See'' sugatagarbha. +
