Mamos or matrikas constitute a large class of fierce female deities. Although they predate Buddhism, they have been assimilated to the Matrika, a type of sorcerer of the charnel grounds. These black goddesses personify natural forces that become destructive when disturbed. They carry bags full of disease germs and comprise the retinue of the Great Dharma Protectresses. +
The buddha families are traditionally displayed as the mandala of the five tathagatas, or buddhas. Each of the buddhas in the mandala embodies one of the five different aspects of enlightenment: (1) at the center of the mandala is Vairochana, lord of the buddha family, who is white and represents the wisdom of all-encompassing space; (2) in the east of the mandala is Akshobya, lord of the vajra family, who is blue and represents mirrorlike wisdom; (3) in the south of the mandala is Ratnasambhava, buddha of the ratna family, who is yellow and represents the wisdom of equanimity; (4) in the west of the mandala is Amitabha, buddha of the padma family, who is red and represents the wisdom of discernment; and (5) in the north of the mandala is Amogasiddhi, buddha of the karma family, who is green and represents all-accomplishing wisdom. +
Three regions above, on, and below the earth: (1) the celestial abode of gods, (2) the terrestrial abode of humans, and (3) the subterranean abode of nagas. +
The three kindnesses of a spiritual master. In sutra: (1) giving precepts (sdom pa); (2) reading-transmissions (lung); and (3) guidance (khrid). In tantra: (1) conferring empowerments (dbang bskur); (2) explaining the tantras (rgyud bshad); and (3) imparting pith instructions (man ngag gnang ba). +
This is the code of monastic discipline for monks. It consists of the five precepts: (1) no killing, (2) no stealing, (3) no sexual activity, (4) no lying, and (5) no intoxicants, as well as five further restrictions designed specifically for members of the ordained Sangha: (6) no eating after noon, (7) no adorning the body with anything other than monastic robes, (8) no participating or attending public entertainments, (9) no sleeping in high or luxurious beds, and (10) no touching or using money, gold, or silver. +
The six bardos: (1) the natural bardo of this life (skyes gnas bar do); (2) the bardo of dreams (rmi lam bar do); (3) the bardo of meditation (bsam gtan bar do); (4) the painful bardo of dying ('chi kha bar do); (5) the luminous bardo of dharmata (chos nyid bar do); and (6) the karmic bardo of becoming (srid pa'i bar do). +
These comprise the principal cycles contained in the distant lineage of the orally transmitted Kama (ring brgud bka' ma) of the Nyingma school. The entire collection currently includes 120 volumes in its most extensive compilation. See bibliography of texts referenced by the author under NK; for a history of their transmission, see Dudjom Rinpoche, Nyingma School, 597–739. +
The setting or context in which the tantras are expounded, comprised of (1) the perfect place (buddha realms); (2) the perfect teacher (buddhas); (3) the perfect assembly (male and female bodhisattvas, meditational deities, and so forth); (4) the perfect teaching (tantras); and (5) the perfect time (indefinite time). +
(1) The far-reaching water lamp (rgyang zhags chu yi sgron ma) as a gateway that causes the arising of the three other lamps through the eyes, with the help of the light channels ('od rtsa); (2) the lamp of the basic space of awareness (rig pa dbyings kyi sgron ma) as a ground for the arising of the external, a space of projection for the two following other lamps; (3) the lamp of empty vital nuclei (thig le stong pa'i sgron ma) as a support (the shape of colored vital nuclei that join together or form groups, and that comes forth inside the second lamp) that activates the arising; and (4) the lamp of naturally occurring insight (shes rab rang byung gi sgron ma), which is not actually "lighting up" but is the naturally occurring insight itself. +