The three vehicles of the Sutrayana (those of the Shravakas, Pratyekabuddhas, and Bodhisattvas) and the six vehicles of the Vajrayana (Kriyatantra, Upatantra, Yogatantra, Mahayoga, Anuyoga, and Atiyoga) +
One of the six realms, in which one undergoes great suffering, mainly in the form of intense heat or cold. Beings in the hell realm mostly experience the effects of actions rather than creating new causes +
Five aspects of the wisdom of Buddhahood: the wisdom of the absolute space (Tib. chos dbyings kyi ye shes), mirrorlike wisdom (Tib. me long gi ye shes), the wisdom of equality (Tib. mnyam nyid kyi ye shes), discriminating wisdom (Tib. so sor rtog pa'i ye shes), and all-accomplishing wisdom (Tib. bya ba grub pa'i ye shes) +
Eight circumstances that prevent one from practicing the Dharma and thus making effective use of a precious human body: to be (1) overwhelmed by the five poisons, (2) extremely stupid, (3) to have a false teacher who has wrong views, (4) to be lazy, (5) to be overwhelmed by the results of one's previous bad karma, (6) to be someone's servant and thus lack the autonomy to practice, (7) to follow the Dharma merely in order to be fed, clothed, and to avoid other difficulties in life, and (8) to take up the Dharma only in order to win wealth and prestige +
Eight propensities that prevent one from practicing the Dharma and thus making effective use of a precious human body: (1) excessive attachment to family, worldly commitments, success, and so forth, (2) a basically bad character, (3) a lack of fear or dissatisfaction with regard to the sufferings of samsara, (4) a complete absence of faith, (5) a propensity for harmful or negative actions, (6) a lack of interest in the Dharma, (7) the fact of having broken one's vows, and (8) the fact of having broken the Vajrayana samayas +
“transfer of power”: the authorization to hear, study, and practice the teachings of the Vajrayana; this takes place in a ceremony which may be extremely elaborate or utterly simple +
The traditional preparation a practitioner needs to complete before the main practice of the Mantrayana. It comprises five principal sections—refuge, bodhichitta, purification (meditation on Vajrasattva), offering of the mandala, and guru yoga—each performed one hundred thousand times +
Rebirth as a human being free from the eight unfavorable conditions and possessing the ten advantages. This is the only situation in which it is possible to hear and practice the Buddha's teachings properly. According to the Omniscient Longchenpa, the precious human body requires sixteeen further conditions in order to be fully effective, namely freedom from the eight intrusive circumstances and eight incompatible propensities +
“basket”: a collection of scriptures, originally in the form of palm leaf folios stored in baskets. The Buddha's teachings are generally divided into three pitakas: Vinaya, Sutra, and Abhidharma +
Lit. “one who has vanquished the enemy” (the enemy in this case being afflictive emotions): a practitioner of the Basic Vehicle who has attained the cessation of suffering, i.e., nirvana, but not the Perfect Buddhahood of the Great Vehicle +