The first five of the ten advantages: (1) to be born a human, (2) in a region where the Buddha's doctrine is taught, (3) with all one's sense organs complete, (4) with a propensity for positive deeds, and (5) with faith in the Dharma +
The vehicle that teaches the path as the cause for attaining enlightenment. It includes the vehicles of the Shravakas, Pratyekabuddhas, and Bodhisattvas (that is, those Bodhisattvas practicing the Sutra path and not that of the Mantras). It is distinct from the Resultant Vehicle of the Mantras, or Secret Mantrayana, which takes the result (i.e., enlightenment) as the path +
The first teachings translated from Sanskrit and propagated in Tibet, those of the Ancient Tradition, as distinct from the teachings of the New Tradition that were translated and propagated from the tenth century onwards +
Also known as hungry ghosts or spirits: a class of beings whose attachment and miserliness in previous lives result in constant hunger and the frustration of their desires +
(eighth century) One of the most important Vidyadharas of the Kriya and Yoga tantras, and a major holder of the transmission of the Guhyagarbha tantra in the Mahayoga lineage +
A cousin of the Buddha who became his attendant. Since he was able to remember everything that he had heard the Buddha say, it was he who ensured the preservation of the sutra teachings by reciting the sutras in their entirety at the First Council +
The followers of the tantras that were translated and propagated from the tenth century onwards by the translator Rinchen Zangpo and others. It designates all the schools of Tibetan Buddhism except for the Nyingmapa, or Ancient Tradition +
(1) The original Buddha (Adibuddha), the source of the lineage of the tantra transmissions of the Nyingma School; he who has never fallen into delusion, the Dharmakaya Buddha, represented as a naked figure, deep blue like the sky, in union with Samantabhadri, as a symbol of awareness-emptiness, the pure, absolute nature, ever present and unobstructed; (2) the Bodhisattva Samantabhadra, one of the eight principal Bodhisattva disciples of Buddha Shakyamuni, renowned for the way in which, through the power of his concentration, he miraculously multiplied the offerings he made +
“moving through space”: the feminine principle associated with wisdom and with the enlightened activities of the lama. This term has several levels of meaning. There are ordinary dakinis, who are beings with a certain degree of spiritual power, and wisdom dakinis, who are fully realized +
This word has been used to translate the Tibetan ye in expressions like ye nas, “from the very beginning,” or ye dag, “pure from the beginning.” However it should be understood that this does not refer to a first moment of origin or creation in the distant past, but rather to the fact that the pure nature has always been intrinsically present +
Any one of the texts on which the Vajrayana teachings are based. They reveal the continuity between the original purity of the nature of mind and the result of the path, which is the realization of that nature +