the sutras mention: devas, nagas, yakshas, gandharvas, asuras, garudas, kinnaras, and mahoragas. All of them were able to receive and practice the teachings of the Buddha. These eight classes can also refer to various types of mundane spirits who can cause either help or harm, but remain invisible to normal human beings: ''ging, mara, tsen, yaksha, raksha, mamo, rahula'', and ''naga''. On a subtle level, they are regarded as the impure manifestation of the eight types of consciousness. +
(1842-1924) — Drodul Pawo Dorje; one of the great Dzogchen masters of the early part of the twentieth Century, a tertön and a disciple both of Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo and Paltrul Rinpoche. +
(b.19th cent.) — Karmey Khenpo's full name was Karmey Khenpo Rinchen Dargye. My teacher, Samten Gyatso, described Karmey Khenpo as "the great tertön's disciple, who was a reincarnation of Khenpo Bodhisattva and repeatedly certified by the great masters Khyentse, Kongtrul, and Chokling, and an outstanding master in his own right." [tur] +
vajra master who confers empowerment, who bestows reading transmission, or who explains the meaning of the tantras. A practitioner of Vajrayana can have several types of root guru. The ultimate root guru is the master who gives the pointing-out instruction so that one recognizes the nature of mind. +
(b.9th cent.) — Nubchen Sangye Yeshe; one of the twenty-five disciples of Padmasambhava; chief recipient of the Anu Yoga teachings and visited India and Nepal seven times. When the evil king Langdarma attempted to destroy Buddhism in Tibet, Sangye Yeshe instilled fear in the king by causing an enormous scorpion, the size of nine yaks, to magically appear by a single gesture of his right hand. Tulku Urgyen Rinpoche is considered one of his reincarnations. +
The reflections of the four mind-changings cover the topics of precious human body, impermanence, karma and samsaric suffering. These contemplations are like loosening up the hard soil and preparing a field to be fertile and ready to grow the seeds of enlightenment. +
first of the three inner tantras of the Nyingma school; emphasizes sadhana practice and the view that liberation is attained through growing accustomed to the insight into the indivisibility of the superior two truths —— purity and equality. The pure natures of the aggregates, elements and sense factors are the male and female buddhas and bodhisattvas. At the same time, everything that appears and exists is of the equal nature of emptiness. +
(1613-1678) — great saint and tertön, belonging to both the Nyingma and Kagyu traditions. His monastery was Neydo (Nemdho) Tashi Chöling in Chamdo. Known for his ''Union of Mahamudra and Dzogchen''. +