'byung ba Inga;FIVE ELEMENTS;five elements;Earth, air, fire, water, and space, the principles of solidity, movement, heat, liquidity, and unobstructiveness. +
MANDARAVA;An Indian princess, the daughter of the king of Sahor, Mandarava became the disciple and spiritual consort of Guru Padmasambhava. Her father was outraged and condemned both of them to be burned to death. While they were on the blazing pyre, Guru Padmasambhava miraculously transformed it into a lotus pool (now renowned as the lake Tsopema at Rewalsar in India). This convinced the king of Padmasambhava's great wisdom and power, and he requested teachings and allowed his daughter the freedom to pursue her spiritual destiny. Mandarava went with Guru Padmasambhava as his consort to the great cave of Maratika (now in Nepalese territory) where they actualized the state of vidhyadhara of immortality. Mandarava remained in India but visited Tibet several times. MAN 1. See mantra of six syllables +
nam mkha'i snying;NAMKHAI NYINGPO;namkhai nyingpo;One of the foremost disciples of Guru Padmasambhava. A great translator, monk, and siddha of the Nub clan whose main seat was Lhodrak Kharchu. +
dri za;GANDHARVA;A member of a class of nonhuman beings said to be nourished on smells. They are renowned for their beauty and generally associated with music. +
myang 'das;NIRVANA;Lit., the state beyond suffering. This term indicates the various levels of enlightenment as set forth in both the Shravakayana and Mahayana teachings. +
lam;PATH;path;In both the Mahayana and Hinayana (though differently in each case), progress towards enlightenment is described in terms of five paths or degrees of attainment. The paths are called, progressively, Accu-mulation, Joining, Seeing, Meditation, and No More Learning. Bodhisatt-vas on the Mahayana paths of Accumulation and Joining are referred to as "ordinary" or "mundane" since their practice has not yet brought them beyond samsara. Those on the levels of the Mahayana Path of Seeing and Meditation (in which emptiness is directly perceived) are called "noble" or "superior," i.e., Aryas. See also grounds +
'dod khams;WORLD OF DESIRE;world of desire;A general term referring to the six samsaric realms: hells, world of hungry ghosts, animals, humans, asuras, and the first six levels of the divine abodes of the gods. +
bla ma;Guru;LAMA;lama;Spiritual teacher, explained as the con-traction of bla na med pa, "nothing superior." The title is sometimes used loosely as a general term to denote a Buddhist monk or even anyone claim-ing to be a teacher. In the traditional context, however, the title is exclusively attributed to masters with great knowledge and high realization. +
mkha 'gro;DAKINI;Pronounced with the stress on the first syllable: dakini. A feminine personification of Wisdom. A distinction is made between wisdom dakinis who are fully enlightened, and "ordinary" or "worldly" dakinis, who, though not fully enlightened, nevertheless pos-sess spiritual power. In Tibetan, the term is used as a title of respect for highly realized yoginis. +
tshangs pa'i dbyangs kyi yan lag drug bcu;VOICE OF BRAHMA;voice of brahma;Sixty aspects of melodious speech, differently described in both sutra and tantra. +
bdud rtsi;AMRITA;lit. nectar of immortality, sometimes trans-lated as "ambrosia." A substance (liquid or solid) prepared with the help of tantric rituals. It symbolizes Wisdom. +