One of the five kāyas; while not wavering from the form of reality, the dharmakāya, this form appears solely to those disciples who are noble bodhisattvas. It is also the basis for the arising of the emanated form, the nirmāṇakāya, and is adorned with major and minor marks. [TD 2818] Padmasambhava explains further, "Sambhogakāya is the enjoyment of the self-existing wisdom of awareness because the kāyas and wisdoms are present within the continuity of the innate nature of your mind." [DE 190] +
The Zur tradition is one of the three most prominent sublineages in the Transmitted Teachings of the Nyingma School. Citing the importance of the lineages of Nyak Jñānakumāra, Nup Chen Sangye Yeshe, and Zur Shakya Jungne in the early history of the Nyingma tradition, Dudjom Rinpoche notes that the Nyingma teachings "fell first to Nyak, fell to Nup during the intermediate period, and fell to Zur in the end." [NS 599] This lineage of masters is also known for developing some of the most unique and enduring interpretations of Buddhist scripture, especially concerning the textual lineage of the ''Tantra of the Secret Essence''. An extensive discussion of this lineage can be found in NS, pp. 617-649. +
The four spheres of perception, from that of boundless space up to the peak of existence. In these spheres, there is no coarse form, only clear mental forms. The beings in these realms are free of attachment to form, bur are attached to the state of formlessness. [TD 2503] +
In the tradition of practical instructions, it is said that there are five experiential stages that occur during the practice of calm abiding. First is the experience of movement, which is likened to a waterfall cascading off a cliff. Second is the experience of familiarity, which is similar to a river winding through a narrow ravine. Third is the experience of attainment, which is exemplified by a gently flowing stream. Fourth is the experience of stability, which is like a wave-free ocean. Fifth is the experience of perfection, in which one is able to rest in a state of lucid clarity, unmoved by any circumstances. This final stage is likened to the flame of a candle that is undisturbed by the wind. [TK 3, 172] +
This term is used in the tantric tradition of the Nyingma School, where it refers to dharmakāya (the fact that the nature of the mind lacks an essence), sambhogakāya (its clear nature), and nirmāṇakāya (its pervasive compassion). Thus, in the Great Perfection, all the qualities of the three kāyas are spontaneously ''perfect'', and since this is the way all phenomena really are, it is ''great''. [TD 2360] +
Atiyoga is the highest of the Nyingma tradition's nine vehicles. In the textual tradition of this tantric system, Atiyoga is equated with the Great Perfection, the naturally-occurring wisdom that is free from conceptual complexities and not subject to any sense of partiality or limitation. As such, it is considered the very pinnacle of all the various vehicles since it contains all of their significance. Within this Great Perfection, all the various phenomena of saṃsara and nirvāṇa, all that appears and exists, arise as the play of naturally-occurring wisdom, apart from which nothing exists. The fundamental basis of existence, in this tradition, is this naturally-occurring wisdom. In terms of the path, there are two forms of practice: the break-through stage of innate purity and the direct leap stage of spontaneous presence. Through these two practices the four visions are brought to a state of culmination and one attains the result of this process, liberation into the very ground. Said differently, one attains the permanent state of the youthful vase body. [TD 3118] +
The completion stage is divided into two categories, the conceptual completion stage and the nonconceptual completion stage. In the latter, practice does not involve the mental reference points and visualizations found in the former, but, as Ju Mipham points out, " ...is free from intentional effort and subtle concepts." [ON 417] The most well known traditions associated with this style of practice are those of the Great Perfection and the Great Seal. +
The Father Tantra emphasizes both the methods of the development stage and the energetic practices of the completion stage. In the New Schools, the Father Tantra includes the five stages of the ''Guhyasamāja Tantra''. [ST 6] In the Nyingma tradition, Father Tantra is equated with Mahāyoga, the seventh of the nine vehicles. [DZ 24] +
According to Ju Mipham, the Sanskrit term ''mudrā'' carries the meaning of "a stamp, symbol, or seal that is difficult to move beyond. What this means is that these are unique factors that symbolize the enlightened body, speech, mind, and activities of realized beings. Once something has been 'sealed' with one of these, it is difficult to Stray from the factor that is being represented." [ON 568] +
Along with the path of skillful means, this is one of two practical approaches found in the Anuttarayoga Tantras. Ju Mipham explains, "In this phase of practice, one relies primarily upon the knowledge that comes from study, contemplation, and meditation, which allows one to come to a definitive understanding that all phenomena have been enlightened from the very beginning within the great maṇḍala of spontaneous perfection; that they are one's own innate wisdom. By meditating on this, one progresses along the path and is liberated into great equality - the maṇḍala of natural manifestation of the kāyas and wisdoms." [ON 420] +