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Literally, "robe from garbage or excrement"; a traditional term for the okesa, which was originally sewn together from patches of old discarded scraps and rags, sometimes taken from charnel grounds. 118n. 17 +
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The infirmary hall, literally, the "hall for prolonging longevity." While sick in the enjudō, monks do not participate in any other temple activity. 199n. 128 +
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The Semblance Age, in which only practice and teaching are available, said to follow the initial Age of True Dharma, shōb6, in which enlightenment, practice, and teaching all exist. According to this theory, in the Final Age, mappo, only the teaching remains. See mappo. 117n. 13 +
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(840-901) Dharma heir of Dongshan Liangjie, and sometimes considered the cofounder of the Caodong (<big>Sōtō</big>) School, he developed the five ranks philosophical teachings. +
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(1729-1807) Fiftieth abbot of Eiheiji, he published the popular Rufubon edition of the Eihei Shingi in 1794. Also compiled a major edition of the Shōbōgenzō. +
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(739-824) A student of Shitou, Danxia is famous for burning a buddha statue to warm himself. His second-generation successor was Touzi Datong. +
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Manager of a monastery's gardens and fields. 193n. 79 +
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(797-870) Prime minister and governor of several provinces, he was also a lay Zen adept who studied with many masters, including Guishan and Huangbo. Pei Xiugong compiled Huangbo's Record (see translation by John Blofeld, The Zen Teaching of Huang Po), arranged the building of Huangbo's temple, and also met Hualin's tigers. +
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Instructor, used for the Sanskrit acharya, any senior monk qualified to have disciples. 126n. 1 +
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Refers to spaces to study or take breaks (e.g., the shurya) for monks who sleep in the sōdō; to work spaces or offices for various positions and their staffs (e.g., the tenzo ryō or inō ryō); and sometimes to dormitory spaces where senior monks sleep as well as study. Sometimes rya also refers to the staff itself of a certain position rather than to a work space. Thus sometimes the tenzo rya refers to the kitchen workers. 199n. 126 +
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Worldly people, also called zoku. It often refers to laypeople as opposed to monks. 195n. 101 +
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Literally, "the tan where you hang your belongings," at the back of which is hung a nameplate for the monk assigned to that place. In modern Sōtō Zen, a black lacquer plaque is used with white ink that is easily erasable. 102n. 13 +
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Actualized or awakened, one of the characters used to mean enlightenment, it implies to certify, verify, or authenticate enlightenment. 75n. 4 +
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(n.d.) A Dharma heir of [Huanglong] Huitang Zuxin. +
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The samadhi [concentration] of self-enjoyment or fulfillment, a central teaching in Dōgen's writings on meditation, described by him as the criterion for true dharma and zazen. Dōgen's teachings in The Pure Standards for the Zen Community emphasize the satisfaction and fulfillment of jijuyu samadhi arising right in the midst of everyday activity. 16-17, 203n.153 +
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(1032-83) Student of Fushan Fayuan who received from him the Sōtō lineage of Dayang and maintained that tradition, incorporating his prior Huayan studies. Teacher of Furong Daokai. +
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(1007-72) A noted scholar-monk who compiled a history of the Chan transmission, he was an heir of Dongshan Xiaocong (Tōzan Gyōsō in Japanese) in the Yunmen lineage. +
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The monks' hall, where monks meditate, eat, and sleep. 53n. 22, 76n.5 +
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A rosary or string of beads used traditionally by Buddhists, originally to count chanting or prostrations. Usually 108 beads for the number of possible delusions, it is sometimes considered an attribute of Avalokiteshvara, the bodhisattva of compassion. 79n. 28 +
