One of the four primary schools of Tibetan Buddhism. The Geluk school was founded by Je Tsongkhapa (1357-1419) as a reformation of the tradition of Atisha Dipamkara. Also spelled ''Gelug''. An adherent of the Geluk school is called a Gelukpa. +
A realized being who assumes a modest appearances and who escapes the notice of most people. The term applies to both Patrul Rinpoche and Rogza Sonam Paige, among others. Hidden yogis can also be hermits who live in remote places and whose spiritual accomplishments remain unknown. +
The nonsectarian approach to the study and practice of the Eight Chariots of the Practice Lineage of Tibetan Buddhism: Nyingma, Kadam, Sakya, Kagyu, Shangpa, Chöd, Kalachakra, and Orgyen Nyendrub. +
When they die, accomplished practitioners of the Great Perfection sometimes gradually dissolve their body into rainbow light, leaving behind nothing but their hair and nails (which are considered to be "dead" parts of the body). +
A world or dimension manifested by a buddha or great bodhisattva through the spontaneous qualities of his or her realization. In a pure land, beings can progress toward enlightenment without falling back into the lower realms of samsara. Also called a buddhafield. +
The buddha who is the "lord of all mandalas" and embodies the forty-two peaceful and fifty-eight wrathful deities. The sadhana of Vajrasattva and recitation of his mantra are practiced for the purification of negative thoughts, words, and actions. +
The Buddha, the Dharma, and the Sangha. Taking refuge in the Three Jewels marks the entry into the Buddhist path and distinguishes one as a Buddhist. +
(1) contemplating the rarity and preciousness of human fife, (2) impermanence and death, (3) karma, or cause and effect, and (4) the defects or shortcomings of samsara. +
One of the three bodies (''kayas'') of the Buddha. Part of the sambhogakaya can only be apprehended by fully enlightened Buddhas, and part of it can be apprehended by highly realized practitioners still on the path. +
The ''paramitas'', or transcendent perfections, are six activities that form the practice of the bodhisattva path: generosity, ethical discipline, patience, diligence, concentration, and wisdom. It is said that the five first paramitas are all meant to accomplish the sixth, the perfection of wisdom. ''Paramita'' literally means "gone to the other shore," having transcended samsara and attained nirvana. Compared to ordinary "perfections," they are said to be transcendent inasmuch as their practice is free from grasping at the notions of subject, object, and action. +
A practice of training (sbyong) the mind (''io''/bio) and cultivating relative and absolute bodhichitta with the use of short phrases, or slogans, as taught by Atisha in his Seven-Point Mind Training and other eminent Kadam masters. Later, numerous ''lojong'' slogans were written by masters of all schools. +
A monument often containing relics of Buddhist saints, as well as mandalas, hundred of thousands of mantras, sacred books, and earth from various sacred places. Stupas symbolize the enlightened mind of the buddhas, while statues symbolize the enlightened body and books symbolize the enlightened speech. There are many kinds ofstupas, which are all built according to well-defined proportions. It is said that they bring great benefit to the land where they are built and contribute to reducing conflicts, famines, and other causes of suffering throughout the world. +