A title for a person, mostly in the Nyingma, Sakya, and Kagyu traditions, who has completed the major course of nine to twelve years of studying traditional Buddhist philosophy, logic, Vinaya, and other subjects, and afterward has been authorized to teach. This title can also refer to the abbot of a monastery of any of the four traditions or the preceptor from whom one receives ordination. +
A sacred feast or ritual of fering in tantric Buddhism in which oblations of food and drink are blessed as the elixir of wisdom and offered to the yidam deity as well as to the mandala of one's own body. +
One of the three bodies (''kayas'') of the Buddha, the dharmakaya is the formless body of enlightened qualities and the absolute dimension of enlightenment. +
A ritual performed at the moment of death, either by a lama or by a dying practitioner, for the transference of consciousness to a buddhafield where enlightenment will ultimately be attained. In its quintessential form, it consists in merging with the Guru's enlightened mind at the time of death. Phowa is also practiced during one's lifetime, combined with a longevity practice, as a training to be fully applied at the time ofdeath. +
One who has vanquished the enemies of afflictive emotion and realized the nonexistence of the personal self, and who is forever free from the sufferings of samsara. Arhatship is the goal of the teachings of the Root Vehicle, the Shravakayana or Hinayana. +
A great ''siddha'', an advanced practitioner who has attained the supreme accomplishment, which is enlightenment. A famous work by the I2th-c. Indian scholar Abhayadatta recounts the lives of eighty-four ''mahasiddhas'' of ancient India. +
The word ''samadhi'' can be understood according the Buddhist inter pretation as "concentration" or "unification of mind." The Tibetan translation, ''ting gne dzin'' (ting nges 'dzin), means "holding on to what is profound and certain," referring to a deep and perfectly focused meditation. One also speaks of tsechik ting nge dzin (rtse gcig ting nges 'dzin), or "single-pointed concentration". +
The long lineage of the scriptures that have been transmitted without interruption from master to disciple, from the primordial Buddha, Samantabhadra, through Guru Padmasambhava and other great Vidyadharas (Awareness Holders) up to our time. +