rgyud;རྒྱུད་;tantra;A type of text taught by the Buddha to expound the doctrines and practices of the secret-mantra vehicle, in contradistinction to the sutras through which he expounded the ''śrāvaka'' and ''perfection vehicles''. In English,the term also has come to connote the doctrines, practices, and outlook described in the tantras. +
sdom pa gong ma gnyis;སྡོམ་པ་གོང་མ་གཉིས་;two higher vows;two higher vows;The eighteen root and forty-six auxiliary bodhisattva and the fourteen root and eight auxiliary tantric vows. +
sde snod ’dzin pa;སྡེ་སྣོད་འཛིན་པ་;Tripiṭaka master;tripiṭaka master;tripiṭakadhara;An expert in the ''Tripiṭaka'', the three canonical collections of Buddhism;the term implies extraordinary scholarly achievement. +
rten ’brel ’byung ba;རྟེན་འབྲེལ་འབྱུང་བ་;dependent arising;dependent arising;pratītya samutpāda;The general causal law in Buddhism that asserts that whatever arises does so in dependence upon causes and conditions. Sometimes taken to be the essential Buddhist teaching, it is given specific instantiation in the twelve links of dependent arising, which explain how it is we continually take birth in ''samsara''. It is also explained by Nāgārjuna as equivalent to—and the major proof of—''emptiness''. +
bya rgyud kyi rigs gsum;བྱ་རྒྱུད་ཀྱི་རིགས་གསུམ་;three families of the action tantras;three families of the action tantras;The vajra, lotus, and tathāgata. +
rgyu tshogs gsum;རྒྱུ་ཚོགས་གསུམ་;three requisites;three requisites;Praying to and doing intensive retreat on the inseparable guru/meditational deity; striving well in both accumulation of merit and purification of negativities;and analyzing the meaning of textual systems carefully through reason, and thinking about them in detail. +
ltung ba sde lnga;ལྟུང་བ་སྡེ་ལྔ་;five divisions of the 253 downfalls;five divisions of the 253 downfalls;Downfalls entailing expulsion, downfalls entailing suspension, minor transgressions, “confessable'' transgressions, and small infractions. +
tshig don drug;ཚིག་དོན་དྲུག་;six categories;six categories;In the Vaiśeṣika system of Hindu philosophy: substance, quality, generality, particularity, activity, and inherence. +
sgrib dgu;སྒྲིབ་དགུ་;nine obstacles;nine obstacles;To be abandoned on the path of meditation: coarsecoarse, medium-coarse, subtle-course, coarse-medium, medium-medium, subtle-medium, coarse-subtle, medium-subtle, and subtle-subtle. +
thig le bcu drug;ཐིག་ལེ་བཅུ་དྲུག་;sixteen drops;sixteen drops;The Kadam lineage's central tantric practice, wherein the meditations focus gets progressively smaller, moving from: the entire universe, to your world in particular, to the realm of Tibet, to your own dwelling. Within your heart, there lie in sequence—one inside the heart of the other—the deity Prajñāpāramitā, the Buddha, Avalokiteśvara, Wisdom Tārā, Wrathful Tārā, the protector Acala, Atiśa, and Dromtönpa, inside of whose heart are the drops of the three lineages—extensive conduct, profound view, and inspirational practice—finally culminating in the drop of great awakening. +
grub mtha;གྲུབ་མཐ་;philosophical system;philosophical system;siddhānta;The term used most often by Tibetan Buddhists to designate both a school of thought and a system of religious practice. It is broader than the Sanskrit notion of a philosophical viewpoint (''darśana'') but somewhat narrower than the modern notion of a “religion.” +
sems gnas pa'i thabs dgu;སེམས་གནས་པའི་ཐབས་དགུ་;nine methods for stabilizing the mind;nine methods for stabilizing the mind;The nine stages of tranquil abiding: mental placement, continuous placement, patched placement, close placement, taming the mind, pacification of the mind, complete pacification, one-pointed attention, and balanced placement. +
[sangs rgyas kyi] stobs bcu;༼སངས་རྒྱས་ཀྱི་༽ སྟོབས་བཅུ་;ten powers of a buddha;ten powers of a buddha;Knowing what abides and does not;knowing the maturation of acts;knowing the various inclinations of beings;knowing various sensory realms;knowing whose faculties. are superior and whose are not;knowing all paths leading everywhere;knowing meditative absorption, liberation, concentration, meditative equipoise, delusions, and purification;remembering past lives;knowing death and birth;and knowing the cessation of affliction. +
khyab 'jug gi jug pa bcu;ཁྱབ་འཇུག་གི་ཇུག་པ་བཅུ་;ten avatars of Viṣṇu;ten avatars of viṣṇu;Fish, Tortoise, Boar, Man-Lion, Dwarf, Rāma, Rāma with the Ax, Kṛṣṇa, Buddha, Kalkin. +
’phags pa'i bden bzhi;འཕགས་པའི་བདེན་བཞི་;four noble truths;four noble truths;There is suffering, there is an origin of suffering, there is a cessation of suffering, and there is a path to the cessation of suffering. +
ro gcig;རོ་གཅིག་;single taste;single taste;ekarasa;In tantric traditions, the single savor一 of emptiness— that all dharmas possess. Also referred to as the taste of sameness (''ro snyoms'', ''samarasa''), it is a practice tradition in Kagyü and the third ofthe four yogas in the sequence of Mahāmudrā meditations. +
rnying ma;རྙིང་མ་;old translation school;old translation school;The tradition of Tibetan Buddhism, the Nyingma, that arose during the ''early spread of the teaching'' (650-850) and relies upon the translations of Indian Buddhist texts made during that period, rather than the “new translations” made during the ''later spread of the teaching''. +