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sgrib dgu;སྒྲིབ་དགུ་;nine obstacles;nine obstacles;To be abandoned on the path of meditation: coarsecoarse, medium-coarse, subtle-course, coarse-medium, medium-medium, subtle-medium, coarse-subtle, medium-subtle, and subtle-subtle. +
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thig le bcu drug;ཐིག་ལེ་བཅུ་དྲུག་;sixteen drops;sixteen drops;The Kadam lineage's central tantric practice, wherein the meditations focus gets progressively smaller, moving from: the entire universe, to your world in particular, to the realm of Tibet, to your own dwelling. Within your heart, there lie in sequence—one inside the heart of the other—the deity Prajñāpāramitā, the Buddha, Avalokiteśvara, Wisdom Tārā, Wrathful Tārā, the protector Acala, Atiśa, and Dromtönpa, inside of whose heart are the drops of the three lineages—extensive conduct, profound view, and inspirational practice—finally culminating in the drop of great awakening. +
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grub mtha;གྲུབ་མཐ་;philosophical system;philosophical system;siddhānta;The term used most often by Tibetan Buddhists to designate both a school of thought and a system of religious practice. It is broader than the Sanskrit notion of a philosophical viewpoint (''darśana'') but somewhat narrower than the modern notion of a “religion.” +
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sems gnas pa'i thabs dgu;སེམས་གནས་པའི་ཐབས་དགུ་;nine methods for stabilizing the mind;nine methods for stabilizing the mind;The nine stages of tranquil abiding: mental placement, continuous placement, patched placement, close placement, taming the mind, pacification of the mind, complete pacification, one-pointed attention, and balanced placement. +
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[sangs rgyas kyi] stobs bcu;༼སངས་རྒྱས་ཀྱི་༽ སྟོབས་བཅུ་;ten powers of a buddha;ten powers of a buddha;Knowing what abides and does not;knowing the maturation of acts;knowing the various inclinations of beings;knowing various sensory realms;knowing whose faculties. are superior and whose are not;knowing all paths leading everywhere;knowing meditative absorption, liberation, concentration, meditative equipoise, delusions, and purification;remembering past lives;knowing death and birth;and knowing the cessation of affliction. +
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khyab 'jug gi jug pa bcu;ཁྱབ་འཇུག་གི་ཇུག་པ་བཅུ་;ten avatars of Viṣṇu;ten avatars of viṣṇu;Fish, Tortoise, Boar, Man-Lion, Dwarf, Rāma, Rāma with the Ax, Kṛṣṇa, Buddha, Kalkin. +
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’phags pa'i bden bzhi;འཕགས་པའི་བདེན་བཞི་;four noble truths;four noble truths;There is suffering, there is an origin of suffering, there is a cessation of suffering, and there is a path to the cessation of suffering. +
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ro gcig;རོ་གཅིག་;single taste;single taste;ekarasa;In tantric traditions, the single savor一 of emptiness— that all dharmas possess. Also referred to as the taste of sameness (''ro snyoms'', ''samarasa''), it is a practice tradition in Kagyü and the third ofthe four yogas in the sequence of Mahāmudrā meditations. +
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gzhi gsum;གཞི་གསུམ་;three bases;three bases;Fortnightly confession, the summer rains retreat, and the end-of-retreat ceremony. +
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rnying ma;རྙིང་མ་;old translation school;old translation school;The tradition of Tibetan Buddhism, the Nyingma, that arose during the ''early spread of the teaching'' (650-850) and relies upon the translations of Indian Buddhist texts made during that period, rather than the “new translations” made during the ''later spread of the teaching''. +
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dbu ma thal gyur;དབུ་མ་ཐལ་གྱུར་;Prāsaṅgika Madhyamaka;According to Tibetan scholarly tradition, the school of ''Madhyamaka'' philosophy that (a) stresses the use of ''reductio ad absurdum'' (''prasaṅga'') rather than syllogistic reasoning in establishing ''emptiness'' as the nature of ''dharmas'' and (b) denies that dharmas possess inherent defining characteristics (''svalakṣaṇa'') even conventionally. The greatest Indian representative of the Prāsaṅgika is generally regarded to be Candrakīrti. +
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snga dar;སྔ་དར་;early spread of the teaching;early spread of the teaching;In traditional Tibetan historiography, the period from approximately 650 to 850, during which Buddhism, under the sponsorship of numerous Dharma kings, first began to take hold in Tibet. Crucial events of the early spread included the foundation (ca. 775) of the first monastery, Samyé, and the beginning of the process of translating Indian Buddhist texts into Tibetan. The Nyingma tradition traces its roots back to the early spread. +
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rig gnas chung ba lnga;རིག་གནས་ཆུང་བ་ལྔ་;five minor sciences;five minor sciences;Grammar, poetic theory, prosody, drama, and lexicography. +
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zhi byed sgron ma dgu;ཞི་བྱེད་སྒྲོན་མ་དགུ་;nine lamps of pacification;nine lamps of pacification;n Shijé: the ''Lamp of the Body Instruction, Lamp of the Speech Vehicle, Lamp of Secret Mind, Lamp of Pure View, Lamp of Precious Meditation, Lamp of Enlightened Conduct， Lamp of Basic Equanimity, Lamp of the Yoga Path, and Lamp of the Ultimate Result''. +
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gnas brtan pa'i gyes pa gsum;གནས་བརྟན་པའི་གྱེས་པ་གསུམ་;three Sthavira sects;three sthavira sects;Jai tavanlya, Abhayagirivāsīya, Mahāvihāravāslya. +
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sku gsum;སྐུ་གསུམ་;three bodies;three bodies;The dharmakāya, enjoyment body, and emanation body. +
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gdams/gdams ngag;གདམས། གདམས་ངག་;instruction;instruction;avavāda;Like ''guidelines'', ''praxis'', and ''special instructions'', a specifically focused set of teachings imparted by a guru to a disciple or disciples. +
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bon gyi mdzad pa bcu gnyis;བོན་གྱི་མཛད་པ་བཅུ་གཉིས་;twelve deeds of Bön;twelve deeds of bön;Miwo Sherap's birth, dissemination of teachings, pacification of beings, guidance of beings, marriage, emanation, conquest of demons, victory, knowledge, isolation, and liberation. +
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lung sde bzhi;ལུང་སྡེ་བཞི་;four texts;four texts;In vinaya: ''Elements of Vinaya, Divisions of Vinaya, Elements of Lesser Vinaya'', and ''Higher Text of Vinaya''. +
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phra mo'i lus;ཕྲ་མོའི་ལུས་;subtle body;subtle body;sukṣmaśarīra;In tantric theory, the network of channels that interpenetrates, and is more basic than, the gross physical body. Manipulation of the consciousnesses, breath-related energies, and hormonal drops that move through these channels is basic to advanced meditative practice on the ''completion stage of highest yoga tantra''. +
