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pha rgyud;ཕ་རྒྱུད་;father tantra;father tantra;In the four-tantra scheme recognized by most Tibetan new translation schools, one of two major types of tantra in the ''highest yoga tantra'' class. Father tantras (also known as method tantras) are said particularly to stress development of the ''illusory body'', which is a transformation of subtle physical energies. The primary father-tantra corpus is the Guhyasamāja;cycles related to Yamāntaka and Vajrabhairava are important, too. +
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chos sku;ཆོས་སྐུ་;dharmakāya;In earlier traditions, the corpus of the Buddhas teaching;in ''Mahayana'', the aspect of ''buddhahood'' that is equivalent to enlightened mind and is the basis of the ''enjoyment body'' and ''emanation body''. It sometimes is singular and sometimes is divided into a natural dharmakāya, which is a buddhas ''emptiness'' or suchness, and a_ gnostic dharmakāya, which is a buddhas perfect knowledge, compassion, power, and other positive qualities. +
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dka' bcu;དཀའ་བཅུ་;ten difficult texts;ten difficult texts;Dharmakīrti's ''Thorough Exposition of Valid Cognition Maitreya's Ornament of Higher Realization'', Guṇaprabha's ''Vinaya Sutra'', Asaṅga's ''Compendium of Abhidharma'', Nāgārjuna's ''Fundamental Treatise on the Middle Way'', Candrakīrti's ''Entering the Middle Way'', Āryadeva's ''Four Hundred Stanzas'', Maitreya's ''Sublime Continuum'', Vasubandhu's ''Treasury of Higher Knowledge'', and the ''Guhyasamāja Tantra''. +
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rig gnas bcu;རིག་གནས་བཅུ་;ten sciences;ten sciences;Linguistics, logic, medicine, arts and technology, “inner meaning” (i.e., Buddhism), grammar, poetic theory, prosody, drama, and lexicography. +
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rdo rje jigs byed kyi rnal ’byor bzhi;རྡོ་རྗེ་ཇིགས་བྱེད་ཀྱི་རྣལ་འབྱོར་བཞི་;four yogas of Vajrabhairava;four yogas of vajrabhairava;Mantra, commitment, form, and pure wisdom. +
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bsam gtan;བསམ་གཏན་;mental absorption;mental absorption;dhyāna;One of a series of increasingly concentrated states attained in ''placement meditation''. On the basis of the attainment of ''tranquil abiding'', one may pass through four form-world absorptions and four formless absorptions, with the ''meditative equipoise'' of cessation sometimes added as a ninth. Mental absorptions may result in yogic ''achievements'', but they do not assure ''liberation'' unless combined with ''superior insight'' into the nature of reality. +
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gsang mdzod gsum;གསང་མཛོད་གསུམ་;three secret treasuries;three secret treasuries;In Shijé： the guru secret treasury, meditational-deity secret treasury, and ḍākinī secret treasury. +
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shes rab kyi pha rol tu phyin pa'i mdo gsum;ཤེས་རབ་ཀྱི་ཕ་རོལ་ཏུ་ཕྱིན་པའི་མདོ་གསུམ་;three perfection of wisdom sutras;three perfection of wisdom sutras;The extensive ''Perfection of Wisdom in a Hundred Thousand Verses'';the middle-length ''Perfection of Wisdom in Twenty-five Thousand Verses'';and the condensed ''Perfection of Wisdom in Eight Thousand Verses''. +
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theg pa gsum;ཐེག་པ་གསུམ་;three vehicles;three vehicles;The Hinayana, Mahayana, and Vajrayana. +
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mngon shes lnga;མངོན་ཤེས་ལྔ་;five supernormal powers;five supernormal powers;Five mundane attainments: retrocognition, clairvoyance, clairaudience, telepathy, and various physical powers. +
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mkhyen gnyis;མཁྱེན་གཉིས་;two knowledges;two knowledges;Ultimate knowledge of the nature of reality and conventional knowledge of particulars. +
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slob dpon;སློབ་དཔོན་;master;master;ācārya;At the time of monastic ordination, the officiating monk who will serve as one’s primary teacher. More generally it denotes an especially learned and accomplished member of the community. +
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khams gsum;ཁམས་གསུམ་;three worlds;three worlds;The worlds, or realms, of desire, form, and formlessness, which together constitute the Buddhist samsaric cosmos. +
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lung lnga;ལུང་ལྔ་;five winds;five winds;The breath-related energies of the subtle body: the vitalizing, pervasive, upward-moving, downward-moving, and equalizing winds. +
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rdzogs chen;རྫོགས་ཆེན་;mahāsandhi;Dzokchen;dzokchen;In the Nyingma as well as Bön traditions, the “great perfection” is an advanced tantric perspective and practice in which one opens oneself to the primordial perfection that is the intrinsic nature of oneself and ail beings. It is regarded by Nyingmapas as the supreme attainment, functioning for them much like ''Mahāmudrā'' (to which it bears certain similarities) does for Kagyüpas. +
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stong pa bzhi;སྟོང་པ་བཞི་;four empties;four empties;On the completion stage of highest yoga tantra, four experiences induced by the absorption of consciousness into the heart cakra: the empty, the very empty, the greatly empty, and the all empty. +
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theg chen gyi theg pa gnyis;ཐེག་ཆེན་གྱི་ཐེག་པ་གཉིས་;two vehicles of Mahayana;two vehicles of mahayana;Sutra/perfection/definition and tantra/secret mantra/vajra. +
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rnal ’byor rgyud kyi dkyil 'khor chen po gnyis;རྣལ་འབྱོར་རྒྱུད་ཀྱི་དཀྱིལ་འཁོར་ཆེན་པོ་གཉིས་;two great mandalas of yoga tantra;two great mandalas of yoga tantra;Vajradhātu and Garbhadhātu. +
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dka' bzhi;དཀའ་བཞི་;four difficult subjects;four difficult subjects;In Tibetan monastic education, the subject matters of： Madhyamaka (or valid cognition), the perfection of wisdom, vinaya, and abhidharma, as well as the basic texts for each course of study： Candraklrti’s ''Entering the Middle Way'' (or Dharmakīrti's ''Thorough Exposition of Valid Cognition''), Maitreyas ''Ornament of Higher Realization'', Guṇaprabhas ''Vinaya Sutra'', and Vasubandhu's ''Treasury of Higher Knowledge''. +
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lta ba bkar btags kyi phyag rgya bzhi;ལྟ་བ་བཀར་བཏགས་ཀྱི་ཕྱག་རྒྱ་བཞི་;four authenticating seals of the Buddhist view;four authenticating seals of the buddhist view;ll compounded phenomena are impermanent;all contaminated phenomena are suffering;all dharmas are without self;nirvana is peace. Cf. four seals. +
