byang chub sems dpa';bodhisattva;One who, through compassion, strives to attain the full enlightenment of buddhahood for the sake of all beings. Bodhisattvas may be "ordinary" or "noble" depending on whether or not they have attained the path of seeing and are residing on one of the ten bhumis. +
mi 'am ci;kinnara;A mythical creature that is half man and half animal. Along with the gandharvas, the kinnaras are celebrated as celestial musicians. +
zhi ba'i snying po;Shantigarbha;One of the eight accomplished masters that gathered at the Sitavana charnel ground and received from the dakini Mahakarmendrani a casket containing the transmitted precepts of Maha Yoga. Shantigarbha received the casket containing the Malign Mantra and attained the accomplishment. He was invited to Tibet by Trisong Deutsen and propagated the Yamari cycle of teachings. +
rgyal po dza;King Ja;king ja;The first human recipient of the Maha Yoga tantras and an important figure in the transmission of Anu Yoga. Some sources say he is the same as King Indrabhuti, also known as Indrabodhi. +
bden pa bzhi;Four Truths;four truths;The truths of suffering, origin, cessation, and path expounded by the Buddha Shakyamuni in his first teaching. These teachings, referred to as the first turning of the Dharma wheel, are the foundation of the Hinayana and Mahayana teachings. +
thabs;skillful means;skillful means;upaya;This refers to compassion, the counterpart of the wisdom of emptiness. By extension, it refers to all kinds of action and training performed with the attitude of bodhichitta. +
chos skyong;dharmapalas;Protectors of the teachings. These are either enlightened beings or spirits and gods who have been subjugated by great masters and bound under oath to guard the teachings. Their task is to protect the doctrine, its upholders, and practitioners. See Dharma protector. +
rdo rje sems dpa';The buddha who embodies the hundred families. The practice of Vajrasattva and recitation of his hundred-syllable mantra are the most effective methods for purifying negative actions. In the Ati Yoga lineage he is the sambhogakaya buddha. +
'og min;Akanishta;Literally, "which is not below";the Unexcelled Buddha-field. In general, the highest of all buddha-fields. According to the Vajrayana, the place where bodhisattvas attain final buddhahood. There are, in fact, six levels of Akanishta, ranging from the highest heaven of the form realm up to the ultimate pure land of the dharmakaya. +
ri ma la ya;Mount Malaya;mount malaya;Malayagiri;The place where the Lord of Secrets taught the Secret Mantra to the five noble beings, situated on present-day Sri Lanka. It is now known as Adam's Peak. +
rigs drug;six realms;six realms;Six modes of existence caused and dominated by a particular mental poison: the realms of the hells (anger), pretas (miserliness), animals (ignorance), humans (desire), demigods (jealousy), and gods (pride). They correspond to deluded perceptions produced by karma and apprehended as real. +
myang ngan 'das;nirvana;Literally, "the state beyond suffering." This term indicates the various levels of enlightenment attainable in both the Hinayana and Mahayana. +
chos;Dharma;The common term for the Buddhist doctrine. In its widest sense it means all that can be known. In this text, the term is used exclusively to indicate the teaching of the Buddha. It has two aspects: the Dharma of transmission (''lung gi chos''), namely, the teachings that are actually given, and the Dharma of realization (''rtogs pa'i chos''), or the states of wisdom, etc., that are attained through the application of the teachings. Dharma can also simply mean "phenomena." +
phrin las nor bu rin po che;Thinley Norbu Rinpoche;thinley norbu rinpoche;A highly learned and realized being, he is one of the late Kyabje Dudjom Rinpoche's sons and holder of the Dudjom Tersar lineage. He lives in the United States and has published some of the most amazing books on Dharma written in English. +