lha;gods;gods;deva;According to the Buddhist tradition, a class of beings that is superior to humans, which although not immortal enjoy immense power, bliss, and longevity. The term is also used to refer to powerful spirits as well as to the deities visualized in tantric meditation, which are not to be understood as "gods" in the ordinary sense of the word. +
go ma de byi;Gomadevi;A princess who was one of the Indian lineage masters of the Dzogchen teachings. She was a disciple of the scholar Maharaja and the teacher of Atsantra Aloke. +
sku lnga;five kayas;five kayas;panchakaya;In the Mahayana, the transcendent reality of perfect buddhahood is described in terms of two, three, four, or five bodies, or kayas. The two bodies, in the first case, are the dharmakaya, the Body of Truth, and the rupakaya, the Body of Form. The dharmakaya is the absolute or "emptiness" aspect of buddhahood. The rupakaya is subdivided into the sambhogakaya, the Body of Perfect Enjoyment, and the nirmanakaya, the Body of Manifestation. The sambhogakaya, or the spontaneous clarity aspect of buddhahood, is perceptible only to beings of extremely high realization. The nirmanakaya, the compassionate aspect, is perceptible to ordinary beings and appears in the world most often in human form. The system of four bodies consists of the three just referred to together with the svabhavikakaya, or Body of Suchness, which refers to the union of the previous three. +
spam mi pham mgon po;Pam Mipham Gonpo;pam mipham gonpo;A disciple of Vairotsana. He was one hundred years old when he met Vairotsana. After receiving the instructions from Vairotsana, he attained instant realization and became one of the lineage masters. It is said that all his disciples attained rainbow body. +
alak gzan dkar rin po che;Ala Zenkar Rinpoche;ala zenkar rinpoche;Great Nyingma scholar from eastern Tibet who is said to be an emanation of Do Khyentse and who at present lives in New York. +
sku gsum;three kayas;three kayas;Dharmakaya, sambhogakaya, and nirmanakaya. The three kayas as ground are "essence, nature, and expression," as path they are "bliss, clarity, and nonthought," and as fruition they are the "three kayas of buddhahood." See Jive kayas. +
rig 'dzin brda brgyud;mind lineage through,the Conquerors;mind lineage through,the conquerors;The transmission of the teachings from mind to mind, according to this text, from Samantabhadra up to and including Prahevajra. +
dha he na;The place where Shri Singha lived when he taught Vairotsana and Lekdrub. It has not been determined whether this is situated in Oddiyana or in central India. +
gsang ba'i dbang;secret empowerment;secret empowerment;The second empowerment, which purifies the defilements of speech, enables one to meditate on the channels and energies and to recite mantras and plants the seed for obtaining the vajra speech and the sambhogakaya. +
tshogs 'khor;feast offering;feast offering;ganachakra;A ritual offering in tantric Buddhism in which oblations of food and drink are blessed as the elixir of wisdom and offered to the yidam deity as well as to the mandala of one's own body in order to purify breaches of one's sacred commitments. +
o rgyan;Oddiyana;Also called Orgyen or Urgyen, a region in ancient India corresponding, according to some authorities, to the valley of Swat between Afghanistan and Kashmir. Oddiyana was the birthplace of Padmasambhava and Garab Dorje. +
ye shes snying po;Jnanagarbha;A master of Nalanda University and the ordaining abbot of Shantarakshita. He was an exponent of the "upper school" of Svatantrika Madhyamaka and the author of the celebrated ''Two Truths of the Middle Way''. +
rig pa;awareness;awareness;vidya;When referring to the view of the Great Perfection, awareness means consciousness devoid of ignorance and dualistic fixation. +
ri rab;The mythological mountain at the center of our worldsystem surrounded by the four continents where the two lowest classes of gods of the world of desire live. It is encircled by chains of lesser mountains, lakes, continents, and oceans and is said to have an altitude of eighty-four thousand leagues above sea level. +