glang po'i od;Prabhahasti;"Radiant Elephant." Among the eight vidyadharas, he was the receiver of the transmission of the tantras of Kilaya Activity. Born to a royal family in the western part of India and named Shakyaprabha when ordained as monk, Prabhahasti became extremely well-versed in the Tripitaka and studied Secret Mantra with Vajrahasya (rdo rje bzhad pa) and numerous other masters. He achieved supreme accomplishment and had, together with his disciple Shakyamitra, a tremendous impact on the Dharma in Kashmir. +
bse rag;Serak;serak;A type of mischievous spirit who consumes the potent essences of food and wealth. He personifies ultimate envy and miserliness and is usually exorcized during rituals to promote wealth and prosperity. +
gshin;Shin;shin;A type of spirit;either the yama type or simply the consciousness of a human who has passed away but is still lingering in the bardo state. +
tshe spang bza' dmar rgyan;Lady Margyen of Tsepang;lady margyen of tsepang;One of the queens of King Trisong Deutsen. Reputed to have been a major troublemaker. +
dbang bzhi;Four empowerments;four empowerments;The vase, secret, wisdom-knowledge, and precious word empowerments. Padmasambhava says in the Lam-rim Yeshe Nyingpo:
The vase empowerment, which purifies the body and the nadis, is the seed of the vajra body and nirmanakaya. The secret empowerment, which purifies the speech and the pranas, is the seed of the vajra speech and sambhogakaya. The phonya empowerment, which purifies the mind and the essences, is the seed of the vajra mind and dharmakaya. The ultimate empowerment, which purifies the habitual patterns of the all-ground, is the seed of the vajra wisdom and svabhavikakaya. +
bskal pa bzang po;Good Aeon;good aeon;bhadrakalpa;This present aeon, in which one thousand buddhas will appear, lasting no less than 160 million years. +
gnod sbyin;Yaksha;A class of semidivine beings, generally benevolent, but sometimes wicked. Many are powerful local divinities;others live on Mount Sumeru, guarding the realm of the gods. +
rigs lnga;Five families;five families;panchakula;The five buddha families: tathagata, vajra, ratna, padma, and karma. They represent five aspects of innate qualities of the tathagatagarbha, our enlightened essence. +
srong btsan sgam po;569—650 or 617-650;Songtsen Gampo;songtsen gampo;The king of Tibet in the seventh century, who prepared the way for transmission of the Buddhist teachings. He is regarded as an incarnation of Avalokiteshvara. He married Bhrikuti of Nepal and Wen Cheng of China, who each brought a sacred statue of Buddha Shakyamuni to Lhasa. Songtsen Gampo built the first Buddhist temples in Tibet, established a code of laws based on Dharma principles, and had his minister Thőnmi Sambhota develop the Tibetan script. During his reign, the translation of Buddhist texts into Tibetan began. +
sna nam ye shes sde;Yeshe Dey of Nanam;yeshe dey of nanam;Also known as Bandey Yeshe Dey of Shang (zhang gi bhan dhe ye shes sde). Prolific expert translator and disciple of Padmasambhava. He was a monk, both learned and accomplished, and once exhibited his miraculous powers by soaring through the sky, like a bird. +
(glang po che rab 'bog gi rgyud;Rampant Elephant Tantra;rampant elephant tantra;A Mahayoga scripture. A tantra of this title is found in the Nyingma Gyūbum, vol. DZA. +
bya rung kha shor;Jarung Khashor;jarung khashor;"Permission once given (cannot be taken back)." The great white stupa at Boudhanath in the Kath-mandu Valley. +
longs spyod rdzogs pa'i sku;Sambhogakaya;The "body of perfect enjoyment." In the context of the five kayas of fruition, sambhogakaya is the semimanifest form of the buddhas endowed with the five perfections of perfect teacher, retinue, place, teaching, and time, which are perceptible only to bodhisattvas on the ten levels. See also Three kayas. +