snang ba gsum;སྣང་བ་གསུམ་;three illuminations;three illuminations;āloka-traya;Illumination (snang ba, āloka), radiance (mched pa, ābhāsa), and imminent attainment (nyer bar thob pa, upalabdhaka). These terms are discussed most relevantly to The Profound Inner Principles' presentation in ryadeva's Lamp That Summarizes Conduct and the Vajra Wisdom Compendium Tantra. As both those texts state, these terms are used in the Vajrayāna as synonyms for mind, mentation, and consciousness. Jamgön Kongtrul explains (TOK, 2:690–91) this relationship as follows: "In essence, all three illuminations are of the nature of the ālaya consciousness. Nevertheless, illumination serves as the cause that produces the mental consciousness and the sense consciousnesses. Radiance acts as the cause that produces afflictive mentation. Thus [illumination and radiance] are considered to be, respectively, those [consciousnesses]. Attainment, from the point of view of the isolate of attainment, simply has the characteristics of the ālaya consciousness itself;and, while it indirectly produces [the other consciousnesses], it does not serve to directly produce those seven consciousnesses. Thus, it is only considered to be the ālaya [consciousness]. Therefore, the three illuminations are taught to be mind, mentation, and consciousness." See Kongtrul 2005, 252–70;and Kongtrul 2008, 209–11, where these are translated as "light," "increase," and "culmination." See also Wedemeyer 2007, 95–102 and 215–21, where these are translated as "luminance," "radiance," and "imminence." Note that the collective term, three illuminations, is also translated as "three appearances," "three lights," or "three luminances." +
stobs bcu;སྟོབས་བཅུ་;ten strengths;ten strengths;The strengths of knowing: what is the case and what is not the case;the maturation of karma;the various inclinations [of beings];their various dispositions;their various faculties;the path that leads everywhere;the meditative concentrations, samādhis, absorptions, and so forth;previous lives;death and rebirth;and the exhaustion of defilements. GTCD. +
sGra gcan,dus me;སྒྲ་གཅན་,དུས་མེ་;Rāhu,Kālāgni;Henning (2007, 95) explains: "[Rāhu] is equivalent to the nodes of the Moon's orbit, the places where the Moon crosses over the plane of the ecliptic during its path around the Earth. As there are two such places Rāhu has two components, known as the Head (gdong, vaktra) and Tail (mjug ma, puccha). The first of these is the ascending node, where the Moon crosses the ecliptic travelling northward. The Tail is the descending node. Another name often used for the Tail is Kālāgni (dus me). Rāhu . . . is treated as a planet in its own right, . . . but . . . it is also the indicator of eclipses." See Henning 2007, 95–139;and Kongtrul 2012, 349–51. +
khrag 'thung;ཁྲག་འཐུང་;heruka;Karma Tinle (373.3–374.2) comments: "The Autocommentary [532.5–6] explains heruka by quoting [the Hevajra Tantra, part 1, chapter 7, verse 27;Dg.K. 8b.5]: 'HE signifies [the emptiness of causes and the rest. / RU stands for the absence of collections. / KA means not dwelling anywhere.]' Heruka was translated into Tibetan as khrag 'thung, "blood-drinker." It has the meaning of drinking, without duality, the blood of great bliss because the three kāyas or four wisdoms (which are the culmination of unification) are said to be herukas. The Hevajra Tantra and Chakrasaṃvara Tantra [the Abhidhāna-uttaratantra;Dg.K. 292.1] share the following lines: 'HE signifies the emptiness of causes and the rest. / This describes the dharmakāya and mirror-like wisdom. / RU stands for the absence of collections.' This refers to the saṃbhogakāya and the wisdom of equality. 'KA means not dwelling anywhere.' This characterizes the nirmāṇakāya, discriminating wisdom, and all-accomplishing wisdom." For some thoughts on the origins of the term, see Sanderson 2009, 148n340. +
dbang mngon;དབང་མངོན་;sense direct cognition;sense direct cognition;A nonconceptual, nonmistaken awareness arisen on the basis of its own uncommon dominant condition, a physical sense faculty. See Mind and Its World I Sourcebook 2007, 67–70. +
las rgyal mchog;ལས་རྒྱལ་མཆོག་;supremely victorious activity;supremely victorious activity;The third of three generation-process samādhis. They are described by Kongtrul 2008, 69: "[Supremely victorious activities consist] of deeds such as the purification of realms by all deities. Because these deeds are similar to the deeds of the Buddha, [this samādhi is referred to as] supremely victorious [activities]. +