nyer bar len pa'i rgyu;ཉེར་བར་ལེན་པའི་རྒྱུ་;substantial cause;substantial cause;upādānakāraṇa;That which primarily produces the continuum of its own substance as its specific result. See Mind and Its World II Sourcebook 2007, 19–22. +
gzhi gsum;གཞི་གསུམ་;three grounds;three grounds;The vinaya observances of lay precepts (gso sbyong, poṣhadha, lit. "purification-renewal"), summer retreat (dbyar gnas), and "release" (dgag dbye). See Kongtrul 1998, 131–36, where these are translated as purification-renewal, rainy season retreat, and lifting of restrictions. +
ming bzhi;མིང་བཞི་;four skandhas of names;four skandhas of names;The four mental skandhas: feelings, discriminations, formative forces, and consciousnesses. When paired with forms, they are names-and-forms (ming gzugs, nāmarūpa), the fourth of the twelve links of dependent origination (after ignorance, formative forces, and consciousnesses). +
yid kyi mngon sum;ཡིད་ཀྱི་མངོན་སུམ་;mental direct cognition;mental direct cognition;A nonconceptual, nonmistaken awareness arisen on the basis of its own dominant condition, the mental sense faculty. See Mind and Its World I Sourcebook 2007, 126–37. +
'dod pa'i khams kyi srid pa bcu gcig;འདོད་པའི་ཁམས་ཀྱི་སྲིད་པ་བཅུ་གཅིག་;eleven states of existence within the desire realm;eleven states of existence within the desire realm;Demigods, nāgas, hungry ghosts, and the eight hells. Another list is the hot hells, cold hells, nāga state, demigod state, humans, and those of the six classes of desirous gods. GTCD. Alternatively they are the states of the six classes of desirous gods;hell beings;hungry ghosts;animals;humans;and gods and demigods (counted as one). Dzogchen Ponlop Rinpoche 2004, 229. +
gzugs khams gnas rigs bcu drug;གཟུགས་ཁམས་གནས་རིགས་བཅུ་དྲུག་;sixteen levels of the form realm;sixteen levels of the form realm;The twelve divisions of the four concentrations and the four pure states of the form realm. +