'jam dpal dbyangs;gentle or soft and glorious;gentle or soft and glorious;Mañjusrī;One of the chief bodhisattvas, Manjuśrī is depicted with a sword and book. The sword represents prajñā. He is known as the bodhisattva of knowledge and learning and generally considered to be of the vajra family. +
gzugs kyi sku;form-body;form-body;rūpakāya;The Buddha in human form. Originally used to refer to Śākyamuni Buddha. It often refers to the sambhogakāya and nirmāṇakāya together. In vajrayāna, it can refer to any enlightened being, anyone who embodies and manifests the essence of the Buddha. +
'khrul 'khor;haṭha yoga;Advanced practice in the vajrayāna unifying visualization, prāṇāyāma (control of prāṇa) and physical posture. By working with the mind and body maṇḍalas together, the mind can be controlled. +
dga' ba;ānanda;ānanda;The four joys are associated with the third abhiṣeka: joy (S: ānanda), perfect joy (S: paramānanda), joy of cessation (S: viramānanda), and coemergent joy (S: sahajānanda). +
chos skyong;protector of the dharma;protector of the dharma;dharmapāla;A type of deity whose function is to protect the practitioner from deceptions and sidetracks. Oath-bound to the dharma, not bound to the six realms, the dharmapālas fulfill the four karmas or enlightened actions of pacifying, enriching, magnetizing, and destroying, thus serving and protecting the integrity of the teachings and practice. +
dam tshig;S: coming together;T: sacred word or vow;s: coming together;t: sacred word or vow;samaya;Thevajrayāna principle of commitment, whereby the disciple's total experience is bound to the path. When the vajra master performs abhiṣeka, the disciple's being is bound together with the master and the deities of the maṇḍala. The disciple becomes irrevocably committed to regard his master as an embodiment of enlightenment, and to retain sacred outlook in all his experience. During the abhiṣeka ceremony, the disciple formally takes the samāyā oath. However, in some sense, the samāyā principle becomes active as soon as master and student establish a vajrayāna relationship.<br> The samāyā vow is experiential and can be violated in a moment of thought. As Atīśa said, "keeping samāyā is like keeping a mirror polished-as soon as you have cleared it, dust begins to alight." The most important samāyā is a proper attitude toward one's root guru. Besides that, the principal points are maintaining the essence of hīnayāna and mahāyāna discipline, and extending sacred outlook throughout one's experience. ''See also'' root downfalls, fourteen. +
sangs rgyas kyi dus chen bzhi;holy days of the Victorious One,four;holy days of the victorious one,four;Four important days in the life of Śākyamuni: when the māras tried to seduce him, his enlightenment and death (occurred on the same day), his first teaching, and when he returned from teaching his mother in the god realm. +
rgyal ba;Victorious One;victorious one;jina;Originally an epithet for a buddha, it has come to be used in connection with enlightened beings generally. In ''The Rain of Wisdom'', the capitalized "Victorious One"refers to Śākyamuni Buddha and lower case "victorious ones" to buddhas generally. When "victorious one" is used in connection with a teacher's name, the implication is that he is to be viewed as a buddha. +
chos kyi dbyings;space,realm,or sphere of dharma;space,realm,or sphere of dharma;dharmadhātu;All-encompassing space, unconditional totality-un originating and unchanging-in which all phenomena arise, dwell, and cease. +
'khor lo sdom pa;binding or union of the cakras;binding or union of the cakras;Cakrasaṃvara;A heruka of the mother order of anuttara tantra, belonging to the padma family;he is a particularly important yidam in the Kagyü lineage. +