Property:Gloss-def
From Buddha-Nature
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The highest level in the formless realm and thus the summit of all possible states in the dimension of samsaric existence. +
An important Indian religious system founded in the sixth century B.C.E.) by Jina (whence Jaina or Jain), also known as Vardhamana. The Jains advocate a very pure ethical system involving, in particular, an extreme form of ''ahimsa'' or nonviolence. They are subdivided in two groups, the naked ones (''gcer bu pa'') and the white-robed ones. +
One of the oldest and most important systems of the Indian philosophy, of which Kapila was the first exponent. It is a rationalistic interpretation of the Upanishads and posits two fundamental principles of matter (prakriti) and of mind (purusha), both of which are regarded as ultimately real. +
sense fields. The six inner ayatanas refer exclusively to the sense organs (the mind being the sixth); the twelve ayatanas comprise these six plus their outer corresponding objects. (The outer and inner ayatana of the mind is the mental sense organ and mental objects. In this case, the mental organ is the immediately preceding moment of consciousness.) From the interaction of the six sense organs and their six objects, the six consciousnesses are engendered. +
Innate and conceptual apprehension of the inherent existence of phenomena, which in fact lack such existence. +
lit. patience. Fearless acceptance of the ultimate nature of things. +
This term has different meanings. In the Hinayana context, it refers to the cessation of afflictive emotion brought about by wisdom. The cessation itself is the "small nirvana" of the Shravakas and the Pratyekabuddhas. +
A phenomenon belonging to the relative level, brought about by causes and conditions, and which appears to originate, remain, and eventually cease. +
(280-360 C.E.). The only Buddhist master to enjoy equal prestige as an exponent of the Hinayana and the Mahayana. During his Sarvastivadin phase he composed the ''Abhidharmakosha-bhasya'', which is the most systematic and complete exposition of the Abhidharma and is one of the summits of Hinayana scholarship. Later in life, through his own inner development and under the influence of his elder brother Asanga, Vasubandhu adopted the Mahayana Yogachara view and composed many works of which the ''Trimsikavijnapti-karika (Thirty Stanzas on the Mind)'' is the most outstanding. +
Universal ideas and mental images of phenomena (''don spyi''), as contrasted with real, individual, concrete objects. See also Specifically characterized phenomena. +
the followers of Sammita. This Hinayana group (of which no original writings have survived) seems to have been large and, to judge by the Tibetan name ("honored by many"), prestigious. It is divided into three subgroups or lineages: (1) Kaurukullaka (''sa sgron ril gnas pa'i sde''); (2) Avantava (''rung ba pa'i sde''); and (3) Vatsiputriya (''gnas ma bu ba'i sde''). +
See Affirming negative. +
A technical term in Buddhist logic, used to refer to objects of the conceptual mental consciousness that identifies and names things. It refers to sense objects as apprehended by this consciousness, but also to objects wrongly assumed to exist (e.g., the self). +
This term has a very wide range of meanings. In general, it refers to all the "elements" that the mind can consider or investigate-from the senses and their objects to the postmeditation experience of a Bodhisattva residing on the grounds of realization. +
The teachings of the ultimate or definitive meaning expound the ultimate truth, or emptiness, in direct terms. They are contrasted with the teachings of expedient meaning. +
These are the five psychophysical constituents of the individual person: form, feelings, perceptions, conditioning factors, and consciousness. +
Concrete individual phenomena characterized by impermanence and ability to function. See also Generally characterized phenomena. +
Name of an ancient Indian philosophical school professing materialistic nihilism. The Charvakas denied causality, the law of karma, and the existence of past and future lives. +
A system of thirty-seven factors practiced on the paths of accumulation, joining, seeing, and meditation, by means of which progress is made toward enlightenment. +
(1357-1419). Also known as Lozang Drakpa and, more honorifically, as Je Rinpoche. A major scholar and master of the Tibetan tradition, considered to be an emanation of the Bodhisattva Mañjushri. He was the founder of the Gelug school. +
