Property:Gloss-def
From Buddha-Nature
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(flourished in the first half of the eighth century C.E.) A member of Nalanda University and the celebrated author of the ''Bodhicharyavatara'', He upheld the view of the Prasangika Madhyamika in the tradition of Chandrakirti. +
(b. 1011). A translator and minister of the king Changchub Ö, sent to India in 1037 to invite Atisha Dipamkara to Tibet. +
A negation in which the possibility of another (positive) value is implied. For example, in the statement "It isn't a cat that is on the roof," the presence of a cat is denied, but in such a way as to suggest that there might be something else. Compare this with the statement "There is nothing on the roof" This is a nonaffirming negative (''med dgag''), which negates without implying anything else. +
A term used in Buddhist logic and epistemology. Literally, the Tibetan word ''ldog pa'' means "reverse." An isolate of an object (sometimes also called "distinguisher") is defined as "that which is the reverse of what is not that object." In other words, it is the equivalent of a given object in purely conceptual terms. There are different kinds of isolates, and, generally speaking, they are used in Buddhist logic to explain the possibility of predication in the absence of universals, the reality of which, on the whole, is denied, in Buddhism. +
See Argument of neither one nor many. +
A general term for the traditions of Indian philosophy that assert the existence of the self, or atman-that is, the orthodox schools of Hinduism. It is opposed by the ''nairatmyavada'' (in other words, Buddhadharma), which denies the atman. +
(1429-1489). A major scholar of the Sakya school and one of the most important commentators of the writings of Sakya Pandita. His works greatly contributed to the final shaping of the Sakya system in the domain of logic and ,epistemology and clearly defined the philosophical differences separating the Sakya and Gelug schools. +
(1348-1412). An important Sakya master from whom Je Tsongkhapa received the Madhyamika teachings. +
One of the four systems of Buddhist tenets. Together with the Vaibhashika school, the Sautrantika is considered as belonging to the Hinayana. The Sautrantikas are divided into two subgroups: the Sautrantikas following scripture (''lung gi rjes 'brang'') and the Sautrantikas following reasoning (''rigs kyi rjes 'brang''). The former group is quite close in outlook to the Vaibhashikas; the latter is particularly associated with Dharmakirti and is remarkable for its elaborate epistemology and logic. It is widely studied and utilized in Tibetan Buddhism. +
One of the four great Madhyamika arguments, which investigates the nature of phenomena. All phenomena both inside and outside the mind are devoid of real existence because it can be shown that neither a single, discrete, truly existent thing, nor a plurality of such things, exists. +
lit. superior, sublime, or noble one. One who has transcended samsaric existence. There are four classes of sublime beings: Arhats, Pratyekabuddhas, Bodhisattvas, and Buddhas. +
One of the four conditions systematized by Vasubandhu in his ''Abhidharmakosha'' to explain how causality functions. The other three are the causal condition (''rgyu'i rkyen'') the immediately preceding condition (''de ma thagpa'i rkyen''), and the objective condition (''dmigs pa'i rkyen''). +
A technical term of Buddhist epistemology, referring to the consciousness that detects globally the presence of an object, while the different types of mental factors (''sems byung'') apprehend and react to particular aspects of that object. +
Subdivision of the Sammitiya school, the distinctive tenet of which was the assertion of a quasi-permanent self, neither different from nor identical with the five aggregates. It was for this reason universally attacked by other Buddhist schools. +
The ultimate nature of the mind and the true status of all phenomena, the state beyond all conceptual constructs which can be seen only by the primordial wisdom in a nondual manner. This is the so-called ultimate truth in itself (''rnam grangs ma yin pa'i don dam''). The Svatantrika Madhyamikas speak also of the approximate ultimate truth (''rnam grangs pa'i don dam''), which is the conceptual assessment of and an approach to the ultimate truth in itself. The approximate ultimate truth is a mental image posited in contrast with conventional truth. +
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/Jamgon Kongtrul's Retreat Manual/Appendix 4: Buddhas, Bodhisattvas, Deities, and Practices Mentioned in the Retreat Manual +
the chief of the lotus buddha-family and of the pure land Blissful, where Buddhists of many cultures, including Tibetan, aspire to be reborn. +
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/Jamgon Kongtrul's Retreat Manual/Appendix 4: Buddhas, Bodhisattvas, Deities, and Practices Mentioned in the Retreat Manual +
a fierce form of the bodhisattva Vajra-in-Hand (Vajrapani; Chagna Dorjay, phyag na rdo rje. +
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/Jamgon Kongtrul's Retreat Manual/Appendix 4: Buddhas, Bodhisattvas, Deities, and Practices Mentioned in the Retreat Manual +
a form of Slayer of the Lord of Death (Shinjay Shay, gshin rje gshed), the wrathful deity of the buddha-family within the Eight Great Configurations of Deities. +
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/Jamgon Kongtrul's Retreat Manual/Appendix 4: Buddhas, Bodhisattvas, Deities, and Practices Mentioned in the Retreat Manual +
one of the main protectresses of the Ancient Instruction Lineage. +
Tsadra Library Glossary Search/All Gloss Entries/Jamgon Kongtrul's Retreat Manual/Appendix 4: Buddhas, Bodhisattvas, Deities, and Practices Mentioned in the Retreat Manual +
one of the main protectresses of the Himalayan region. She and the four goddesses in her entourage promised to protect Buddhism under the influence of Guru Rinpochay and Milarepa. +
