Property:Gloss-term
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tshogs brgyad;Eight consciousnesses;eight consciousnesses;lit. eight gatherings. A way of classifying the functions of the mind according to the Chittamatra school, also used in the Vajrayana. The eight types of consciousness are the five sense consciousnesses followed by the mental consciousness, the defiled emotional consciousness of conceiving "I," and the consciousness of the alaya, the fundamental level of the mind. +
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sgrib gnyis;Two veils;two veils;''See'' Two obscurations. +
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chos dbyings;Dharmadhatu;The expanse of ultimate reality, emptiness. +
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rnal 'byor;Yoga;lit. joining ('' 'byor'') or union with the natural state of the mind (''rnal ma''). A term commonly used to refer to spiritual practice. +
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'jam dpal dbyangs;Manjushri;A tenth-ground Bodhisattva, one of the eight Close Sons of the Buddha. He is the personification of the body aspect and the wisdom of all the Buddhas. ''See also'' Asanga;Nagarjuna. +
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lan gcig phyir 'ong ba;Once Returner;once returner;The Shravaka level of attainment, so called because it implies that one more birth in the desire realm is necessary before liberation is attained. +
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'phrul dga;Enjoying Magical Creations;enjoying magical creations;Nirmanarati;The fifth divine sphere of the desire realm, in which the gods can magically produce whatever they wish. +
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gnyis 'dzin,gzung 'dzin;Duality,dualistic perception;duality,dualistic perception;The perception of ordinary beings. The apprehension of phenomena in terms of subject and object, and the belief in their true existence. +
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ma yin dgag;Affirming negative;affirming negative;An affirming negative is a negation in which the possibility of another (positive) value is implied. For example, in the statement "It isn't a cat that is on the roof," the presence of a cat is denied, but in such a way as to suggest that something else is there. Compare this with a nonaffirming negative (''med dgag''), which simply negates without any further implication, for example, in the statement "There is nothing on the roof." +
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shing rta chen po;Great Chariot;great chariot;Name of Gyalwa Longchenpa's autocommentary to the ''Mind at Rest (sems nyid ngal gso)'', one of the three treatises of the ''Trilogy of Rest (ngal gso skor gsum)'', a description of the entire path, up to and including the Great Perfection, which is expounded according to the scholarly method ("the great way of the panditas") and according to the experiential method of pith instruction ("the profound way of the yogis"). +
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Shariputra;One of the two main Shravaka disciples of the Buddha Shakyamuni, noted for his wisdom. ''See also'' Maudgalyaputra. +
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gzungs;Dharani;A verbal formula, often quite long, blessed by a Buddha or a Bodhisattva, similar to the mantras of the Vajrayana but found also in the sutra tradition. The term is also used to refer to the accomplishment of unfailing memory. +
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sku gsum;Three kayas;three kayas;''See'' Five Bodies. +
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dbang po;Indra;Also known as Shakra (''brgya byin''), the supreme god and king of the heaven of the Thirty-three, which is located in the desire realm. Indra is regarded as a protector of the Buddhist doctrine. +
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mi rtog pa'i ye shes;Nonconceptual wisdom;nonconceptual wisdom;lit. thought-free wisdom. Primordial knowledge divested of all discursive activity. +
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rdo rje theg pa;Vajrayana;The corpus of teachings and practices based on the tantras, scriptures that discourse upon the primordial purity of the mind. See also Expository vehicle of causality. +
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Vast Activities;vast activities;''See'' Tradition of Vast Activities. +
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gling bzhi;Four continents;four continents;The four continents located in the four directions around Mount Meru, constituting a universal system. They are: the semicircular lus 'phags po, Videha, in the east;the trapezoidal dzam bu gling, Jambudvipa, in the south;the circular ba lang spyod, Godaniya, in the west;and the square sgra mi snyan, Uttarakuru, in the north. Respectively, the names of the continents mean: Sublime Body, Land of Rose Apples, Bountiful Cow, and Unpleasant Sound. Each of the four main cosmic continents is accompanied by two subcontinents of the same shape. Human beings inhabit these continents with the exception of Chamara (''rnga yab''), which is populated by rakshasas, a kind of flesh-eating demon. +
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rdo rje spun;Vajra kindred;vajra kindred;Spiritual brothers and sisters or fellow practitioners in the Vajrayana. The closest kinship exists between those disciples who receive the empowerment in the same mandala from the same teacher. +
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'jig rten chos brgyad;Eight worldly concerns;eight worldly concerns;The habitual preoccupations that continually and inevitably afflict beings until they attain the path of seeing and completely transcend the ego. They are concern for gain and loss, comfort and discomfort, good and evil reputation, and praise and blame. +
