gtor ma;Torma;torma;A ritual object of varying shape and composed of a variety of substances. Depending on the context, the torma is considered as an offering, a symbolic representation of a yidam deity, a vehicle of blessings, or even a weapon for dispelling obstacles. +
chos skyong;Dharmapalas;Protectors of the teachings. These are either enlightened beings or spirits and gods who have been subjugated by great masters and bound under oath to guard the teachings. Their task is to protect the Doctrine, its upholders, and its practitioners. +
Three kinds of wisdom;three kinds of wisdom;The wisdom resulting from hearing (''thos pa'i shes rab''), reflecting on (''bsam pa'i shes rab''), and meditating on the teachings (''sgom pa'i shes rab''). +
shes rab,ye shes;Wisdom;wisdom;prajna,jnana;(1) the ability to discern correctly;the understanding of emptiness. (2) the primordial and nondual knowing aspect of the nature of the mind. +
zhing khams;Buddhafield;buddhafield;From a certain point of view, a buddhafield is a sphere or dimension projected and manifested by a Buddha or great Bodhisattva, in which beings may abide and progress toward enlightenment without ever falling into lower states of existence. However, any place viewed as the pure manifestation of spontaneous wisdom is a buddhafield. +
dag pa gnyis;Twofold purity;twofold purity;(1) The original natural purity of the mind, present in the minds of all sentient beings (''rang bzhin ye dag''), and (2) the purity from all adventitious stains (''bur 'phral dag''), which is the result of the path and is the preserve of Buddhas only. +
bcom ldan 'das;Bhagavan;An epithet of the Buddha sometimes translated as the Blessed One or the Blessed Lord. The title can be analyzed etymologically as "the one who has vanquished (''bcom'') the four demons, who possesses (''ldan'') all qualities and who is beyond ('' 'das'') samsara and nirvana." +
lam;Path;path;marga;Progress toward enlightenment is described, in both the Mahayana and Hinayana, in terms of the five paths of accumulation, joining, seeing, meditation, and no more learning. The first four constitute the path of learning (''slob pa'i lam'');the fifth one, the path of no more learning (''mi slob pa'i lam''), is buddhahood. The paths of seeing and meditation are also termed "noble path." +
rang bzhin gyi tshul khrims;Natural discipline;natural discipline;Spontaneous discipline arising from a total freedom from attachment. The vow of discipline is possible only against the background of desire (the basic expression of which is ego-clinging), for it is the principal antidote to it. Yogis who are free from desire (and who therefore have no need to take such a vow) possess a discipline that is entirely natural to them. This is also said to be the case for the inhabitants of Uttarakuru, the northern continent. +
dag snang;Pure perception;pure perception;The perception of the world as the pure display of the kayas and wisdoms, in other words, as a buddhafield. Tending in this same direction is the contrived pure perception of a practitioner who endeavors to view everything purely, while still on the conceptual level. +
nye 'khor gyi dmyal ba;Neighboring hells;neighboring hells;Sixteen hells, four in each direction, where suffering is slightly less than in the hot hells around which they are situated. +
rang bzhin gsum;Three natures;three natures;A threefold categorization of phenomena consisting of the imputed reality, dependent reality, and completely existent reality, as presented in the sutras of the third turning of the wheel of Dharma. The interpretation of this threefold distinction varies according to the philosophical outlook of the commentator. +