Also known as Karma Chame (or Karma Araga, 1613-1678). A meditator and adept of both the ancient and new traditions, he remains famous in particular for his texts addressed to hermits on retreat (''ri chos zhal gdams'') and those associated with Chenrezig and Sukhāvatī (''bde ba can gyi mon lam''). At death he manifested the rainbow body. +
Some say, in accordance with a prophecy and ancient texts, that Lawapa and Indrabhūti, the king of Oḍḍiyāna, are the same person. In some transmissions, Lawapa is the master of Indrabhūti, as well as of Virupa. Niguma declared him, along with herself, to be the only other holder of the teachings that she transmitted to Khyungpo Neljor. +
Literally, "wheel of bliss," a male yidam and a cycle of tantras and practices associated with him, particularly associated with bliss. Cakrasaṁvara is very important in many schools of Vajrayāna Buddhism, especially the Kagyu school. +
The first phase of yidam practice, in which one visualizes oneself as the yidam deity. First one visualizes the form deity (the pledge being) and then joins it with the wisdom of the actual deity (the wisdom being). For more information on these two phases, see Kongtrul (1996). +
Transference, usually refers to the practice of purposefully transferring the consciousness right at the moment of death to a pure land or desirable state. The practitioner trains in doing this during his or her lifetime. It is an integral aspect of the Chöd practice. +
The state of confusion experienced as reality by ordinary beings in which afflictive emotions and karma create states of suffering that are experienced as the existences of the hell realm, hungry ghost realm, animal realm, human realm, demigod realm, and god realms. +
Literally, "hearer." The śrāvaka vehicle of practice is connected to hearing the Buddha's teaching. From a Mahāyāna perspective, śrāvakas lack the compassionate intention of the bodhisattva to remain in cyclic existence and to work for the benefit of beings, but rather seek to gain the bliss of enlightenment for themselves. +
A type of evil spirit symbolizing ego-clinging. An enchanter, sorcerer; bewitching demon, craving spirit; an evil spirit, a demon who causes disease. +
Also, recitation monk. According to Thrangu Rinpoche, this is a cleric who has an ongoing relationship with a family, advising them on what ceremonies to do and leading the necessary rituals, or, as in Machik's case, the recitation of sutras. +
(790-844) The second of the great dharma kings of Tibet. Trisong Detsen invited Padmasaṁbhava to help subdue the spirits of Tibet and also organized the great debate at Samye Monastery, which was a pivotal point in the development of Tibetan Buddhism. +