The state of confusion experienced as reality by ordinary beings in which afflictive emotions and karma create states of suffering that are experienced as the existences of the hell realm, hungry ghost realm, animal realm, human realm, demigod realm, and god realms. +
Literally, "hearer." The śrāvaka vehicle of practice is connected to hearing the Buddha's teaching. From a Mahāyāna perspective, śrāvakas lack the compassionate intention of the bodhisattva to remain in cyclic existence and to work for the benefit of beings, but rather seek to gain the bliss of enlightenment for themselves. +
A type of evil spirit symbolizing ego-clinging. An enchanter, sorcerer; bewitching demon, craving spirit; an evil spirit, a demon who causes disease. +
Also, recitation monk. According to Thrangu Rinpoche, this is a cleric who has an ongoing relationship with a family, advising them on what ceremonies to do and leading the necessary rituals, or, as in Machik's case, the recitation of sutras. +
(790-844) The second of the great dharma kings of Tibet. Trisong Detsen invited Padmasaṁbhava to help subdue the spirits of Tibet and also organized the great debate at Samye Monastery, which was a pivotal point in the development of Tibetan Buddhism. +
The transcendent perfections, the development of which constitutes the practice of the bodhisattva path. The six are: generosity, discipline, patience, diligence, concentration, and wisdom. +
Ancient Tibetan spirits, sometimes called cannibal spirits. The female ''sinmo'' is often associated with the original demoness of the land of Tibet. +