A common epithet for a bodhisattva, with its plural (“the wise”) being used to denote bodhisattvas, and in some instances translated directly as such. +
Also called brilliant eloquence, confidence and eloquence. Bodhisattvas’ ability to speak from insight, realization, or the Buddha’s inspiration. It implies that they are never afraid of being unable to teach. See also power of retention. +
Also called modesty, consideration of others. To be ashamed because of what others might think if one commits negative actions. This is one of the seven noble riches. +
Also called egolessness. The absence of independent or intrinsic existence, either of oneself (Tib. ''gang zag gi bdag med'') or of external phenomena (Tib. ''chos kyi bdag med''). +
A branch of the Great Vehicle that uses the special techniques of the tantras to pursue the path of enlightenment for all beings more rapidly. Because these practices are based on the realization of the diamond like nature of the mind, this vehicle is also known as the Diamond Vehicle. +
A false belief, particularly a view that will lead one to courses of action that bring more suffering. It includes views that deny the law of karma and the view of the transitory composite. +
The Buddha’s doctrine; the teachings transmitted in the scriptures and the qualities of realization attained through their practice. Note that the Sanskrit word ''dharma'' has ten principal meanings, including “anyhing that can be known.” Vasubandhu defines the Dharma, in its Buddhist sense, as the “protective dharma” (''chos skyobs''): “It corrects (''’chos'') everyone of the enemies, the defilements; and it protects (''skyobs'') us from the lower realms; these two characteristics are absent from other spiritual traditions. +
lit. “all-concealing truth.” The apparent truth perceived and taken as real by the deluded mind, which conceals their true nature. See also ultimate truth. +
lit. “one who feeds on smells.” A kind of spirit that feeds on scents. Gandharvas are also classed as inhabitants of the lowest gods’ realms, where they are renowned for their musical skills. The name is used as well for beings in the intermediate state: since they inhabit a mental body, they feed not on solid food but on odors. +
lit. “that cannot be mentioned” or “cannot be praised.” This term covers every kind of action that results in suffering and not only the most serious kinds of wrong doing. Shameful deeds are divided into those that are naturally negative and those that are negative in that they involve breaches of vows. +
In Buddhist philosophy, the term “self” is used to denote the mistaken notion of a permanent, single, and independent entity, whether applied to a personal sense of “I” or a divine creator. +