Property:Gloss-def
From Buddha-Nature
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The buddha of long life. Amitā yus is the sambhogakāya form of Amitābha and is commonly propitiated in long-life rituals +
"Disciple." The word is derived from the verb "to study" and also "to hear," and the Tibetan translation is "one who listens and hears." This general term was used in contrast with those who attained enlightenment without a teacher, the pratyekabuddha, with whom the śrāvaka exemplifies the Hīnayāna. In early Buddhism the path of the śrāvaka was the direct path to liberation, while a bodhisattva, committed to becoming a buddha and not just free of samsara, had to accumulate merit for many eons +
Generally refers to the deities that are kings of the four directions. Their paradises are at the foot of Mount Meru so that each king looks out over one of the four directions +
Members of a no longer extant school of thought, with portions of its texts surviving only in attacks upon it by its opponents. It denied that a god or karma created the world or that there is a life after death +
In Buddhist texts, this most often refers to the teachings of the Buddha, which are exalted for their power to liberate from suffering. In Sanskrit this is the general term for "truth" or "religion," but it has many meanings. For instance, it can refer to all phenomena that exist, and also, more specifically, the phenomena that are perceived within the mind alone and not by the senses. In English it tends to refer specifically to Buddhism +
The desire realm, form realm, and form-less realm. The desire realm includes all the six existences including some of the devas, such as those in the Tusita and Trāyastriṃśa paradises. The form realm devas are more subtle in their forms and longer lived, and find their abode in the paradise of Akanistha. Beings in the formless realm have no bodies and rest for thousands of eons in blissful samādhi +
Literally, these are empty (stong pa), very empty (shing tu stong pa), great empty (stong pa chen po), and everything empty (thams cads tong pa). These are alternative names for appearance, attainment, increase, and luminosity, the visions that arise during the process of death. +
This is the third of the four classes of tantras following the action (kriyā) and performance (caryā) tantras. Compendium of Truths, the principal yoga tantra, presented itself as a method for liberation, unlike the earlier practices that used ritual and mantra for worldly goals +
One of the central gods in the Hindu pantheon today. He had not yet risen to an important status during the Buddhas lifetime and only developed his own significant following in the early years of the common era +
A class of demons in Indian culture, and though there are various types of them, the most known are the ferocious man-eating kind +
This school—also known as Yogācāra because of its emphasis on meditation practice—propounded the view that all phenomena are merely manifestations of the mind, which alone is ultimately real. The school grew out of the teachings of Asaṅga and Vasubandhu in the fourth century, and Candragomin was a principal exponent in the seventh century. While Buddhism was often polarized between the views of Cittamātra and Madhyamaka during this period, a kind of synthesis had taken place by the eighth century in the teachings of Śāntarakṣita and his student Kamalaśīla, who were both instrumental in transmitting Buddhism to Tibet +
A stake with three sharp edges for destroying the three principal poisons. Associated particularly with Vajrakīla, kīlas were used in ancient Indian rituals as pegs in the ground around a ritual site +
Originally only vaguely described as a "pleasant" paradise, it became in early Buddhist cosmology a specific paradise high above Mount Meru. In the development of the Maitreya my th, it became his residence while he waits for the time of his descent into this world as the next Buddha +
A "body" of a buddha that manifests his or her enlightened qualities. Earlier Buddhist texts speak only of two kāyas, a form body (rüpakāya) and a formless dharmakāya, or "truth body." Later, the form body was divided into two to produce the well-known classification the three kāyas of a buddha: sambhogakāya, nirmānakāya, and dharmakāya. One also finds additional divisions to produce lists of four or five kāyas +
This realm includes all existences from the lowest hell to Māras paradise, One can only be reborn in higher realms through the power of meditation +
"The way of the disciples," a term that is often used as a synonym for the Hīnayāna in contrast with the Bodhisattva Vehicle of the Mahayana +
A mythical mountain of fire believed to exist within the southern ocean. +
The longest unit of distance in classical India. The lack of a uniform standard for the smaller units means that there is no precise equivalent, especially as its theoretical length tended to increase over time. Therefore it can be between four and ten miles. +
Literally ālaya means a dwelling or abode, as in Himālaya, the "abode of snows." It is translated into Tibetan as kun gzhi, which means "basis of everything." However, it primarily relates to the separate mind or continuum of an individual and not a shared universal foundation. The concept existed in early Buddhism as an explanation of why an individual does not cease to exist when consciousness stops and was termed bhavanga in the Theravāda tradition. The ālaya later became an explanation, particularly in the Cittamātra tradition, for where karmic seeds are stored and was considered the source of an individual's mentally produced experiences. It is usually synonymous with the ālaya consciousness, which is the neutral basis for samsara and which ceases upon liberation +
The enemies of the devas, they are prominent in Indian literature and mythology, in which context they are often translated as "demons" In Tibet asuras are of little cultural importance, only appearing in the classification of the six classes of beings. When the classes of beings are enumerated as five, they are omitted +
