Property:Gloss-def
From Buddha-Nature
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The Buddhas first five pupils. They are said to have been his followers while he practiced asceticism but abandoned him when he rejected that path. After his enlightenment, they became his followers once more. They feature in stories of previous lives of the Buddha but do not play a prominent role after this initial year of his teaching +
An epithet for the Buddha +
Concepts of reification, which conceive something to be other than what it is, such as the assumption of permanence +
Before the rise of Śaivism and Vaiśnavism eclipsed them, Brahmā and Indra were the two principal deities in Indian religion, and are therefore featured in the life story of the Buddha, asking him to teach, for instance, after he attained enlightenment +
In deity meditation, the wisdom being is the actual deity itself, which is imagined to blend with the visualized deity in order to inspire the confidence that one actually is the deity +
"Slayer of Death." This tantra has been retrospectively classed, along with the Guhyasāmaja, as a father tantra. More than in other tantras, there is an emphasis on the power and efficacy of sorcery practices in Yamāntaka literature. Also known as Vajrabhairava, he is considered the wrathful from of Mañjuśrī +
These are areas in the mandala of such higher tantra deities as Cakrasamvara. They are situated around the deity's palace in the four main and the four intermediate directions. In India, charnel grounds were where bodies were brought to be cremated or left to be devoured by animals. They were believed to be both terrifyingly haunted places and propitious places for the practice of the higher tantras +
One of the terms used for such tantras as Guhyasamāja and Cakrasaṃvara as they began to become prevalent from the eighth century onward. This is in relation to yoga tantras, indicating that they are an advance upon them. These tantras are the pinnacle of the fourfold classification of tantras commonly taught in Tibet, and they also comprise the central diet of most Tibetan Buddhist yogins who do sādhana practice +
The term vidyā can be interpreted as knowledge, a magical spell or mantra, or even as a consort (in which case it is translated into Tibetan as rig ma). See also knowing +
A class of demons, dating back to the Vedas, whose name is derived either from their yellow color (pita) or their appetite for flesh (piśa). The Tibetan translates according to the latter meaning, rendering the term as "flesh eaters," although there is no direct correlation in Tibet's own culture +
Most commonly a reference to a class of female deities. A group of eight matrikas were in particular worshiped in north India and also make their appearance in Buddhist tantra, though such a popular tradition never existed in Tibet. Although important in the Indian tantric traditions, in Tibet they have lost much of their distinctiveness and are barely distinguishable from dākinīs. Nevertheless, appeasing angered matrikas, and requesting their forgiveness and protection, is a regular part of protection rituals +
Most commonly, in a Mahayana context, this refers to the aspiration to become enlightened so that one may free all beings from samsara. This relative bodhicitta is sometimes contrasted with ultimate bodhicitta, the mind of a buddha, which is free of all misconceptions. Within the higher tantras bodhicitta can also be a euphemism for semen +
A compilation of translations into Tibetan of teachings attributed to the Buddha. There are a number of editions, varying in terms of the quantity and the quality of certain texts, which include Dergé, Narthang, Peking, Lhasa, Coné, Ugra, Phudrak, and Stog Palace +
The "night of [the end of] time." One of the fearsome forms of Durga, consort of Śiva, otherwise known as Bhairava. Cakrasamvara, who conquered Śiva and took on his form, is portrayed as crushing both Bhairava and Kālaratri underfoot +
Literally "entering a town," it was also known as parakāyapravesha (gzhan gyi lus la jugpa), "entering another's body." This was a practice designed so that one could transfer one's consciousness into another vacated body, either temporarily or for a lifetime within that body +
This may refer to any circle or circular arrangement, but in Buddhism it most frequently refers to an arrangement of deities, with a central deity in the center and including the palace they are situated within and around. Three dimensional representations of these are made, but more familiar is a two-dimensional diagram, that uses certain established procedures for representing three dimensions. These diagrams are intended as aids for the visualization of the deities and palaces and are not themselves the objects of meditation, apart from when they serve as the locus for the deity in empowerments +
The most common term used to refer to the buddhas in Tibetan, though the Sanskrit jina is in the West most commonly associated with Jainism. Its etymology refers to being victorious over one's own ignorance and defects, but unlike the English "conqueror" it is solely used for someone who has attained spiritual liberation. Son of the conquerors (rgyal sras, jinaputra) is a less-frequent and patriarchal synonym for bodhisattva. While some Mahāyana masters, such as Asańga, did not believe enlightenment was possible in a female body, other Mahayana texts, such as the Vimalakīrti Sutra, explicitly countered that view +
These are thirty-seven aids to enlightenment for śrāvakas, pratyekabuddhas, and bodhisattvas: (1-4) the four mindfulnesses, which are of body, sensations, mind, and phenomena; (5-8) the four eliminations, which are eliminating the bad that has been created, not creating the bad that has not been created, creating good that has not been created, and increasing what good has been created; (9-12) the four bases of miracles, which are aspiration, diligence, contemplation, and analysis; (13-17) the five powers, which are faith, diligence, mindfulness, meditation, and wisdom; (18-22) the five strengths, which are also faith, diligence, mindfulness, meditation, and wisdom; (23- 29) the seven branches of awakening, which are mindfulness, wisdom, diligence, joy, being well trained, meditation, and equanimity; and (30-37) the eight branches of the noble path, which are right view, thought, speech, effort, livelihood, mindfulness, meditation, and action +
Mythical supreme bird; the enemy of serpents, with a divine semi-human form +
The physical body of a buddha. Vajraḍākinī. See Vajravārāhī +
