a small white round bone-like substance which appears in the hearts of the great practitioners, and is often discovered in the ashes of the great tantric lamas after they have been cremated. +
lit. 'concentric circle'; a maṇḍala is a symbolic, graphic representation of a tantric deity's realm of existence, as well as the arrangement of offerings in tantric ritual. +
the eight Heruka Sādhanas are part of the meditative realization transmission which preserves essential instructions for practice. Each of these sādhanas is connected with a particular root text and with various specific practices containing everything necessary for enlightenment. They were transmit- ted from Padmasambhava to eight of his disciples who were known as the Eight Great Ācāryas. The Eight Heruka Sādhanas are: 'Jam-dpal-sku (gshin-rje); Padma-gsung; Yang-dag-thugs; rDo-rje phur-ba 'phrin-las; bDud-rtsi yon-tan; Ma-mo rbod-stong; 'Jig-rten mchos-bstod; and dMod-pa drag-sngags. +
lit. 'awakened'; the Enlightened One; a perfected Bodhisattva, after attaining complete, perfect enlightenment in a human form, is known as a Buddha. The Buddha generally referred to is Sākyamuni Buddha, the Buddha of this era, who lived in India around the 6th century B.C. But there have also been perfected Bodhisattvas in ages past who have manifested the way to enlightenment. In the current fortunate era, there will be one thousand Buddhas, Sākyamuni Buddha being the fourth. In some eras, no Buddhas appear at all. +
lit. 'Buddha of Infinite Life'; Buddha associated with the 'Long life initiation'; the Sambhogakāya aspect of Amitābha, spiritual source from which Avalokiteśvara emanates. +