Afflictions;afflictions;Attitudes and emotions such as ignorance, attachment, anger, pride, jealousy, and confusion that disturb our mental peace and propel us to act in ways harmful to others. +
Inherent or independent existence;inherent or independent existence;A false and nonexistent quality that we project onto persons and phenomena;existence independent of causes and conditions, parts, or the mind labeling a phenomenon. +
Pure land;pure land;A place established by a Buddha or bodhisattva where all conditions are conducive for practicing the Dharma and attaining enlightenment. +
Suffering (Dukkha);suffering (dukkha);Any dissatisfactory condition. It doesn't refer only to physical or mental pain, but includes all problematic conditions. +
Buddha;buddha;Any person who has purified all defilements and developed all good qualities. "The Buddha" refers to Shakyamuni Buddha, who lived 2,500 years ago in India. +
Dharma;dharma;The realizations and cessations of suffering and its causes. In a more general sense, Dharma refers to the teachings and doctrine of the Buddha. +
Enlightenment (Buddhahood);enlightenment (buddhahood);The state of a Buddha, that is, the state of having forever eliminated all disturbing attitudes, karmic imprints, and their stains from one's mindstream, and having developed one's good qualities and wisdom to their fullest extent. Buddhahood supersedes liberation. +
Emptiness;emptiness;According to the Prasangika Madhyamaka School, it is the lack of independent, or inherent, existence. This is the ultimate nature or reality of all persons and phenomena. +