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In ''Mahayana'' soteriology, the obstacles to complete buddhahood that are removed by ''bodhisattvas'' on the final three stages of the ten-stage sequence. Knowledge obstacles are not ''delusions'' per se, but the subtle propensity to them that remains even when delusions have been removed. When the last knowledge obstacle is removed on the tenth bodhisattva stage, one is enlightened in the next instant. +
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In Buddhist ''tantra'', the “chosen deity” who becomes the principal focus of ones meditation practice. The meditational deity may be chosen by the practitioner or the practitioner chosen by the deity; in most cases, one must receive confirmation from ones guru that the deity is the one with which one has a true affinity. +
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In contrast to wisdom (''prajñā'', ''shes rab''), which may be either worldly or transmundane, gnosis usually connotes a realization of the nature of things that is profound and liberating. The “accumulation” of gnosis on the ''bodhisattva'' path eventuates in the attainment of a ''buddhas dharmakāya''. +
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A multivalent term in Indic religions more generally and Buddhism in particular. In English orthography, Dharma (capitalized) refers to the entirety of the Buddhas teachings or to a particular teaching or set of teachings (e.g., the six Dharmas of Nāropa), while dharma (not capitalized) denotes the basic constituents of reality as described by the Buddha and categorized in the texts of the ''abhidharma'' tradition. +
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In China: Wu Tai Shan in the east, Hua Shan in the west, Nan Heng Shan in the south, Bei Heng Shan in the north； and Song Shan in the center. +
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Violations of monastic conduct that result in immediate expulsion: killing a human being, stealing from the Three Jewels, lying about one’s attainments, and engaging in sexual intercourse. +
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With ''analytical meditation'', one of the two basic types of meditation recognized in Buddhism. Placement meditation usually involves focus on a single object; when seriously practiced, it leads to states of ''tranquil abiding, meditative absorption, meditative equipoise'', and ''concentration''. Though a necessary condition for attaining ''enlightenment'', it is riot sufficient on its own and must be combined with analytical meditation. +
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Not to hate others despite being the object of their hatred, not to retaliate in anger even when angry, not to injure others even when injured, and not to beat others even when one is beaten by them. +
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In Bön the shen of prediction, the shen of appearance, the shen of magic, the shen of existence, the vehicle of the layperson, the vehicle of the white ''a'', the vehicle of the seer, the vehicle of the primordial shen, and the especially great vehicle. +
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''Asaṅgas Stages of Yogic Practice, Compendium of Bases, Compendium of Ascertainments, Compendium of Enumerations, and Compendium of Explanations''. +
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Generally speaking, a “virtuous friend” who assists one on the spiritual path. The Tibetan term is used most commonly to refer to great masters of the Kadam tradition and, since the seventeenth century, to Geluk monks with a high level of scholastic achievement. +
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A highly concentrated state of mind in which one is focused effortlessly on a particular object of meditation. Like ''concentration'', meditative equipoise presupposes ''tranquil abiding'' and has a range of possible objects that are its focal point, including ''emptiness'' itself. +
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Eye, ear, nose, tongue, body, and mind. +
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A fundamental term in Buddhist ''tantra'', indicating the indestructibility of the state of ''enlightenment''. In Hindu mythology, the vajra is the thunderbolt wielded by Indra； in a Buddhist context, it sometimes is translated as diamond” or “adamantine.” It also refers to a scepter-like ritual object utilized by tantric practioners. +
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In the Yoginī tantras: Jālandhara, Uḍḍiyāna, Paurṅagiri, Kāmarūpa, Mālava, Sindhu, Nagara, Munmuni, Kārunyapātaka, Devīkota, Karmārapātaka, Kulatā, Arbuda, Godavari, Himādri, Harikela, Lampāka, Kañci, Sauraṣṭra, Kaliṅga, Kokaṇa, Caritra, Kośala, Vindhyākumārapaurikā. +
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Kurukullaka, Āvantika, and vātsīputrīya. +
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s taught in the ''Ornament of Higher Realization'', by Maitreya: realization of all aspects, realization of the path, realization of everything, perfectly manifest realization of all aspects, reaching the summit of existence, final realization, instantaneous realization, and dharmakāya. +
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Teaching, debating, and writing or, more properly, composing. +
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Gnostic dharmakāya and the two subdivisions of the natural body: natural emptiness and natural lack of any obstacles. +
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Linguistics, logic, medicine, arts and technology, and “inner meaning” (i.e., Buddhism). +
