Literally, "scent eater," a member of a class of nonhumans who are said to be nourished on smells. They are also a type of celestial musician living on the rim of Mount Meru in cloudlike castles. The metaphor "city of gandharvas" is used to point out the illusoriness of phenomena. +
Commonly known as Garab Dorje. The name literally means "indestructible joy." He received all the tantras, scriptures, and oral instructions of Dzogchen from Vajrasattva and Vajrapani in person and became the first human vidyadhara in the Dzogchen lineage. Manjushrimitra is regarded as his chief disciple. He passed away 540 years after the Buddha's nirvana. +
A follower of Hinayana, whose goal is to be free of the sufferings of samsara. Unlike the followers of the Great Vehicle, shravakas do not aspire to full enlightenment for the sake of all beings. +
A revealer of hidden treasures. Tertons are said to be reincarnations of Padmasambhava's close disciples who made the aspiration to benefit beings in the future. +
A cave in the southern part of the Kathmandu Valley in Nepal, where Padmasambhava attained accomplishment of Mahamudra through the practice of Vishuddha and Kilaya. +
A class of semi-divine beings, generally benevolent but sometimes wicked. Many are powerful local divinities; others live on Mount Sumeru, guarding the realm of the gods. +
Relative truth and absolute truth. Relative truth describes the seeming, superficial, and apparent mode of all things. Absolute truth describes the real, true, and unmistaken mode. +
The oral lineage of the Nyingma school, the teachings translated chiefly during the period of Padmasambhava's stay in Tibet and transmitted from master to student until the present day. +
In the aspect of ultimate truth, all phenomena are devoid of an independent, concrete identity, and therefore, they ultimately do not come into being, abide in time and place, or cease to exist. +
A verbal formula, often quite long, blessed by a buddha or a bodhisattva, similar to the mantras of the Vajrayana but found in the sutra tradition. The term is also used to refer to the siddhi of unfailing memory. +
Tantric deities that represent different aspects of enlightenment. Yidams may be peaceful or wrathful, male or female, and are meditated upon according to the nature and needs of the individual practitioner. +
A city in India on the Ganges, a main place of pilgrimage for Hindus. At nearby Sarnath, the Buddha Shakyamuni turned the first wheel of the Dharma with his teachings on the Four Noble Truths. +