Also known as Khenpo Bodhisattva. An emanation of the bodhisattva Vajrapani, he was the abbot of Vikramashila and Samye. He ordained the first monks in Tibet and was the founder of a philosophical school combining Madhyamaka and Yogachara. +
Powerful, long-living serpent-like beings dwelling in water domains and often guarding great treasures. Nagas belong half to the animal realm and half to the god realm. They generally live in the form of snakes, but many can change into human form. +
Awakened state of mind. Can refer to the aspiration to attain enlightenment for the sake of all beings or, in the context of Dzogchen, the innate awareness of awakened mind. +
One of the temples at Samye that was specifically used for translation. Samye was constructed according to the Buddhist view of the universe, with the main temple as Mount Meru and the surrounding temples like the four main continents, the eight subcontinents, and the sun and moon. +
These are: ignorance; habitual tendencies; consciousness; name and form; the six activity fields of eye, ear, nose, tongue, body, and intellect; contact; feeling; craving; aggregates; birth; old age; and death. +
A transcendent perfection or virtue, the practice of which leads to buddhahood and, therefore, forms the practice of bodhisattvas. There are six paramitas: generosity, ethical discipline, patience, diligence, concentration, and wisdom. +
Essence body, sometimes counted as the fourth kaya, and constituting the unity of the three kayas. Jamgon Kongtrul defines it as the aspect of dharmakaya that is "the nature of all phenomena, emptiness devoid of all constructs and endowed with the characteristic of natural purity." +
The supreme god and king of the Heaven of the Thirty-three. Indra is regarded as a protector of the Buddhist doctrine. He resides on the summit of Mount Sumeru in the Palace of Complete Victory and is also known as Shakra (''brgya byin''), the ruler of the devas. +
Literally, "awareness-holder." Someone of high attainment in the Vajrayana. According to the Nyingma tradition, there are four levels of vidyadhara corresponding to the ten (sometimes eleven) levels of realization of the Sutrayana. They are: (1) the vidyadhara with corporal residue, (2) the vidyadhara with power over life, (3) the Mahamudra vidyadhara, and (4) the vidyadhara of spontaneous presence. +