The son of Buddha Shakyamuni's uncle who became the Buddha's personal attendant. Ananda was able to remember every word the Buddha spoke; he compiled the Buddha's teachings and served as the second patriarch in the oral transmission of the Dharma. +
The five wisdoms of buddhahood corresponding to the five buddha families: mirror-like wisdom (Vajra family), wisdom of equality (Ratna, or Jewel family), all-discerning wisdom (Padma, or Lotus family), all-accomplishing wisdom (Karma, or Action family) and wisdom of dharmadhatu (Tathagata family). They represent five distinctive functions of our enlightened essence. +
Consciousness as the ground of all experience. According to the Mahayana, the all-ground is the fundamental and indeterminate level of the mind in which karmic imprints are stored. +
Literally, "Great Seal." This refers to the seal of the absolute nature of all phenomena. The term is used for the teaching, the practice, and the supreme accomplishment. +
Sublime or noble one, one who has transcended samsaric existence. There are four classes of sublime beings: arhats, pratyekabuddhas, bodhisattvas, and buddhas. +
Literally, "continuity." The Vajrayana teachings given by the Buddha in his sambhogakaya form. Tantra can also refer to all the resultant teachings of Vajrayana as a whole. +
In general, the transmitter of the monastic vows. This title is also given to a person who has attained a high degree of knowledge of Dharma and is authorized to teach it. +
The ordinary perception of unenlightened beings. The apprehension of phenomena in terms of subject and object and the belief in their true existence. +
This refers to the ten stages of a noble bodhisattva's development into a fully enlightened buddha. On each stage more subtle defilements are purified and a further degree of enlightened qualities is manifested. +
The traditional class distinction of Indian society associated with different psychological types and the kind of work or social function deemed appropriate to each. In the course of time, the caste system became extremely complex. Buddhist texts refer only to the original fourfold system and repudiate it in the sense of rejecting the idea, still current in Indian society, that such distinctions are immutably dictated by the circumstances of birth. These four classes are the royal or ruling class (''kshatriya, rgyal rigs''), the priestly class (''brahmin, bram bze rigs''), the merchant class (''yaishya, rjeʼn rigs''), and the menial class (''shudra, dmangs rigs''). +
The five eminent beings were a god called Renowned Chief Protector (Skt. ''Yasasvi Varapala''), a naga called Naga King Takshaka, a yaksha called Meteor Face (Skt. ''Ulkamukha''), an ogre called Skillful Intellect (Skt. ''Matyaupayiha''), and a human being called Stainless Reputation (Skt. ''Vimalakirti''). Some sources mention the god Indra in place of Vimalakirti. Through their supernatural cognitive powers these five noble beings knew that the Buddha had passed away and then miraculously gathered at Mount Malaya. +