The vehicles focused on contemplation of the four noble truths and the twelve links of dependent origination, the practice of which brings liberation from cyclic existence, saṃsāra. +
spontaneous song by the ninth-century Indian master Padmasambhava, covering the entire Buddhist path to enlightenment, especially that of Vajrayana. Its commentary is the ''Light of Wisdom''. +
(Neydo) one of the branches within the Karma Kagyu lineage; originates from Karma Chagmey. The main monastery (Nemdho Tashi Chöling) is in Chamdo south of Nangchen. +
One of the six classes of sentient beings, tormented by their own impure karmic perception, which causes them to suffer tremendously from craving, hunger and thirst. +
(1828/1849-1904) — Drubwang Tsoknyi the first; an emanation of Milarepas disciple, Rechungpa, and the tertön Ratna Lingpa; contemporary of Khyentse, Kongtrul and Chokling. +