tshogs brgyad;eight consciousnesses;eight consciousnesses;The consciousnesses of the five senses, together with the mind consciousness, defiled mind consciousness, and the consciousness of the ground of all. +
sems tsam;Cittamātra;lit. “mind-only.” The teaching that the objects of the senses do not exist outside the mind and are simply projections of the mind. This doctrine was propagated in particular by the followers of the Yogācāra school. Its proponents are known as Cittamātrin (Tib. ''sems tsam pa''). +
phung po lnga;five aggregates;five aggregates;pañcaskandha;The five psychophysical components into which a person can be analyzed and that together produce the illusion of a self. They are form, feeling, perception, conditioning factors, and consciousness. The term is often used to denote an individual as the basis for imputing a self. +
sngags;mantra;In Buddhism, a manifestation of supreme enlightenment in the form of sound: a series of syllables that, especially in the sādhanas of the Secret Mantrayāna, protect the mind of the practitioner from ordinary perceptions and invoke the wisdom deities. Mantras are also used in non-Buddhist spiritual practices and as spells in black magic. +
zab mo;profound aspect;profound aspect;That aspect of the teachings and practice, based on the Buddha’s second turning of the wheel of the Dharma and the teachings of Nāgārjuna and his followers, that stress the profound view of emptiness. See also extensive aspect. +
gzugs khams;world of form;world of form;rūpadhātu;The second of the three worlds, comprising the twelve realms of the four concentrations and the five pure abodes. +
’khor gsum du dmigs pa;three spheres (concepts of);three spheres (concepts of);The concepts of subject, object, and action perceived as having a real and independent existence. +
nyon mongs pa;defilements;defilements;kleśa;Also called afflictive emotions, negative emotions. The mental factors that influence thoughts and actions and produce suffering. The three principal defilements are bewilderment or ignorance, attachment or desire, and aversion or hatred. +
byang chub kyi sems;bodhicitta;The bodhisattva’s spiritual intent, the mind set on perfect enlightenment. On the relative level, it is the wish to attain buddhahood for the sake of all beings, as well as the practice of the path of love, compassion, the six transcendent perfections, and so forth, necessary for achieving that goal;on the ultimate level, it is the direct insight into the ultimate nature. +
so sor thar pa;prātimokṣa;lit. “individual liberation.” The collective term for the different forms of Buddhist ordination and the irrespective vows, as laid down in the Vinaya. +
de bzhin'gshegs'pa;tathāgata;“one who has gone to thusness.” A buddha;one who has reached or realized thusness, the ultimate reality. Also, one who is “thus come,” a buddha in the body of manifestation (nirmaṇakāya) who has appeared in the world to benefit beings. +
zil gyis gnon pa’i skye mched;perceptual domination,powers of;perceptual domination,powers of;Also called dominant āyatanas. The power to control and transform characteristics such as size, shape, color, and so on. +
blo gros brtan pa;Sthiramati;A fifth-sixth-century Indian Abhidharma scholar. He was a disciple of Vasubandhu and wrote numerous commentaries on his master’s works. +