Property:Gloss-term
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phyir mi’ong ba;nonreturner;nonreturner;In the context of the Lesser Vehicle, a state of realization where one will no longer be reborn in the desire realm. It is the stage before the attainment of the level of arhat. In the context of the Great Vehicle, a bodhisattva nonreturner is one who cannot return to a samsaric state of mind, though they may still manifest in saṃsāra to benefit beings. +
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sgrib pa;obscurations;obscurations;āvarana;Factors that veil one’s buddha nature, maintaining one in cyclic existence and preventing one from attaining enlightenment. See also two obscurations. +
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mya ngan las ’das pa;nirvāṇa;lit. “beyond suffering” or “the transcendence of misery.” While this can be loosely understood as the goal of Buddhist practice, the opposite of saṃsāra or cyclic existence, it is important to realize that the term is understood differently by the different vehicles. The nirvāṇa of the Lesser Vehicle, the peace of cessation that an arhat attains, is very different from a buddha’s “nondwelling” nirvāṇa, the state of perfect enlightenment that transcends both saṃsara and nirvāṇa. +
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mthong lam;path of seeing;path of seeing;The third of the five paths, the stage at which a bodhisattva in medication gains a genuine experience of emptiness and attains the first of the ten levels. +
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so rang rig;reflexive awareness;reflexive awareness;The state of nondual wisdom that, while transcending the subject-object duality, knows itself. +
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bde bar gshegs pa;sugata;lit. “one who has gone to bliss.” An epithet of a buddha. +
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sa bcu;ten levels;ten levels;See bodhisattva levels. +
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nges legs;ultimate excellence;ultimate excellence;The lasting happiness of liberation and omniscience, i.e., buddhahood. +
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nges don;ultimate teachings;ultimate teachings;Also called definitive teachings. Teachings that, unlike the expedient teachings, comprise the direct expression of truth from the point of view of realized beings. +
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sbyor lam;path of joining;path of joining;The second of the five paths. On this path one connects oneself to or prepares oneself for seeing the two kinds of no-self on the path of seeing. +
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sgom lam;path of meditation;path of meditation;The fourth of the five paths, during which a bodhisattva traverses the remaining nine of the ten levels. +
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ngo bo nyid gsum;three natures;three natures;trisvabhāva;Three aspects, as presented by the Yogācāra school, of the nature of phenomena: the imputed nature, the dependent nature, and the fully present nature. Also called three realities. +
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ltung ba;downfall;downfall;A fault due to the transgression of a rule (monastic or otherwise). +
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sku gsum;three buddha bodies;three buddha bodies;trikāya;The three aspects of buddhahood: the body of truth, body of perfect enjoyment, and body of manifestation. +
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so so rang gis rig pa;self-cognizant wisdom;self-cognizant wisdom;Nondual wisdom whose object is itself +
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chos kyi sdom bzhi;four summaries of the Dharma;four summaries of the dharma;Also called the four seals. “All that is compounded is impermanent. All that is tainted is suffering. All phenomena are devoid of self. Nirvāṇa is peace.” +
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dzam bu gling;Jambudvipa;“Land of the Jambu Tree.” The southern continent in the ancient Indian cosmology, the world in which we live. +
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yang dag pa min pa’i kun tu rtog pa;false imagination;false imagination;The incorrect mental processes that lead to the imputations of subject and object and of intrinsic existence. +
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rnal ’byor;yoga;lit. “union (''’byor'') with the natural state (''rnal ma'').” A term for spiritual practice. +
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phags pa’i bden pa bzhi;four noble truths;four noble truths;caturāryasatya;The truth of suffering, the truth of the origin of suffering, the truth of cessation, and the truth of the path. These constitute the foundation of Buddha Śākyamuni’s doctrine, the first teaching that he gave (at Sarnath near Varanasi) after attaining enlightenment. +
