A Study on the Ratnagotravibhāga (Uttaratantra)

{{Book
|TileDescription=A classic translation and study of the Sanskrit and Tibetan versions of the Ratnagotravibhāga, with reference to the Chinese.
|BookPerson={{Book-person
|PersonPage=Takasaki, J.
|PersonName=Jikidō Takasaki
}}
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|TextTranslated=Texts/Ratnagotravibhāga Mahāyānottaratantraśāstra
|BookToc=* {{i|List of Abbreviations|ix}}
* {{i|Preface|xi}}
* {{i|Introduction|1}}
** {{i|I. The Ratnagotravibhāga, its Text, Translation, and Traditions concering the Author|5}}
*** {{i|1. Text|5}}
*** {{i|2. Translations & Traditions concerning the Author|6}}
** {{i|II. The Structure of the Text|10}}
*** {{i|1. Basic Text and Commentary|10}}
*** {{i|2. Chinese Account of the Basic Verses|12}}
*** {{i|3. Supposed Form of the Original Text|18}}
*** {{i|4. The Commentary and Later Additions|19}}
** {{i|III. Keypoint of the Discourse|20}}
*** {{i|1. ''Ratnagotra'', the Germ of the Three Jewels|20}}
*** {{i|2. 4 Aspects of the Germ|23}}
*** {{i|3. The Absolute|26}}
** {{i|IV. Genealogy of the Tathāgatagarbha Theory|32}}
*** {{i|1. Sources of the Ratnagotravibhāga|32}}
*** {{i|2. ''Cittaprakrti'' and ''Āganutukakleśa''|34}}
*** {{i|3. ''Buddhajñana'' in the Avatamsaka|35}}
*** {{i|4. The Tathāgatagarbhasūtra|36}}
*** {{i|5. The Āryaśrīmālāsūtra|37}}
*** {{i|6. The Anūnatvâpūrnatvanirdeśa and the Mahāparinirvānasūtra|39}}
*** {{i|7. The Mahāyānasūtrâlankāra|40}}
** {{i|V. Works on the Tathāgatagarbha Theory Contemporary with or Succeeding<br>the Ratna.|45}}
*** {{i|1. The Mahāyanadharmadhātvaviśesaśāstra|45}}
*** {{i|2. The Buddhagotraśastra|47}}
*** {{i|3. The Anuttarâśrayasūtra|49}}
*** {{i|4. The Lankāvatāra and the Mahāyānaśraddhôtpādaśāstra|53}}
** {{i|VI. The Position of the Ratna. in Mahāyāna Buddhism|54}}
*** {{i|1. The Ratna. as a Criticism on the Prajñāpāramitā|54}}
*** {{i|2. The Ratna. and the Vijñānavāda|57}}
*** {{i|3. Consideration on the Date and Authorship of the Ratna.|61}}
* {{i|Synopsis of the Text|63}}
* {{i|Translation and Notes|135}}


<center>Chapter I. — The Matrix of the Tathāgata</center>


*{{i|I. Introduction|141}}
**{{i|1) The Meaning of the Adamantine Subjects|141}}
**{{i|2) Authorities on the 7 Subjects |143}}
**{{i|3) The Essential Character of the 7 Subjects|146}}
**{{i|4) The Inherent Connection among the 7 Subjects|153}}

*{{i|II. The Jewel of the Buddha|155}}
**{{i|1) The eightfold Quality of the Buddhahood|156}}
**{{i|2) Reference to the ''Jñānâlokâlaṅkārasūtra''|159}}

*{{i|III. The Jewel of the Doctrine|163}}
**{{i|1) The Eightfold Quality of the Doctrine|164}}
**{{i|2) ''Nirodhasatya'' & ''Mārgasatya''|165}}
**{{i|3) The Doctrine as the Truth of Extinction|165}}
**{{i|4) The Doctrine as the Truth of Path|168}}

*{{i|IV. The Jewel of the Community|172}}
**{{i|1) Manner and Extent of Perception|173}}
***{{i|a) Right Manner of Perception|174}}
***{{i|b) Unlimited Extent of Perception|175}}
**{{i|2) Introspective Character of Bodhisattva’s Perception|176}}
**{{i|3) Superiority of Bodhisattva’s Community|176}}

*{{i|V. The 3 Jewels as Refuges|180}}
**{{i|1) 3 Refuges from the Empirical Standpoint|180}}
**{{i|2) The Doctrine and the Community are not the ultimate refuge|181}}
**{{i|3) Only the Buddha is the Refuge from the ultimate Standpoint|184}}
**{{i|4) The Meaning of the 3 Jewels|185}}

*{{i|VI. The Germ of the 3 Jewels in 4 Aspects|186}}
**{{i|1) Inconceivability of the 4 Aspects|188}}
**{{i|2) The Germ as Cause and Conditions of the 3 Jewels in its 4 Aspects|194}}

*{{i|VII. The Sermon: All Living Beings are possessed of the ''Tathāgatagarbha''|196}}

*{{i|VIII. Analysis of the Germ from 10 Points of View|199}}
**{{i|(I) ''Svabhāva'' & (II) ''Hetu''|200}}
***{{i|1) The Nature of the Essence of the Tathāgata|200}}
***{{i|2) Obstructions and Causes for Purification|201}}
**{{i|(III) ''Phala'' & (IV) ''Karman''|207}}
***{{i|1) The 4 Supreme Virtues as the Result of Purification|208}}
***{{i|2) Concordance between the 4 Supreme Virtues and the 4 Causes for Purification|210}}
***{{i|3) 4 Impediments to the Attainment of the Supreme Virtues|214}}
***{{i|4) Motives of the 4 Supreme Virtues|218}}
***{{i|4') The Unstable Nirvāṇa|219}}
***{{i|5) Functions of the Germ for its Purification|221}}
**{{i|(V) Yoga|225}}
***{{i|1) The Union of the Germ to the Factors of its Purification|225}}
***{{i|2) The Union of the Germ to the Result of Purification|227}}
**{{i|(VI) ''Vṛtti'' (Manifestation)|229}}
**{{i|(VII) ''Avasthāprabheda'' (Different States of Manifestation)|230}}
**{{i|(VIII) ''Sarvatraga'' (All-pervadingness)|233}}
**{{i|(IX) ''Avikāra''|234}}
***{{i|(A) Unchangeability in the Impure State|235}}
****{{i|1) Unoriginated Character of the Innate Mind|238}}
****{{i|2) Indestructible Character of the Innate Mind|241}}
***{{i|(B) Unchangeability in the Pure-and-impure State|243}}
****{{i|1) Pure Character and Impure Character of the Bodhisattva|243}}
****{{i|2) Defilements endowed with the Virtuous Root|245}}
****{{i|3) Bodhisattva’s Compassion — The Parable of a Householder|246}}
****{{i|4) Bodhisattva’s Perception of the Pure Mind|248}}
****{{i|5) ' ''Saṃsāra'' ' in the Case of Bodhisattva|250}}
****{{i|6) Bodhisattva in his 6th Stage|250}}
****{{i|7) The Pure and Impure State of the Bodhisattva in comparison<br>with the Ordinary Being and the Buddha|253}}
***{{i|(C) Unchangeability in the Perfectly Pure State|256}}
**{{i|(X) ''Asaṃbheda''|258}}
***{{i|1) Synonyms of the Essence of the Tathāgata|259}}
***{{i|2) The Point: Buddhahood is Nirvāṇa|261}}
***{{i|3) The Parable of Painters|263}}
***{{i|4) Similarity of the Buddhahood to the Sun|265}}

*{{i|IX. The 9 Illustrations on the Germ covered with Defilements|268}}
**{{i|1) The 9 Illustrations according to the Tathāgatagarbhasūtra|268}}
**{{i|2) 9 Kinds of Defilements — the Impurities of the Mind|277}}
**{{i|3) Concordance between the 9 Illustrations and 9 Kinds of Defilements|281}}
**{{i|4) The threefold Nature of the Essence|283}}
***{{i|a) ''Dharmakāya''|284}}
***{{i|b) ''Tathatā''|287}}
***{{i|c) ''Tathāgatagotra''|288}}

*{{i|X. The Essential Characteristics of the Matrix of the Tathāgata|294}}
**{{i|1) The Saying: ' All Living Beings are possessed of the Matrix of the<br>Tathāgata ' is the Highest Logical Truth|294}}
**{{i|2) The 4 Kinds of Individuals to whom the Faith in this Essence is necessary|296}}
**{{i|3) The True Conception of the Matrix of the Tathāgata as representing Non-substantiality|300}}

*{{i|XI. The Purpose of Instruction|305}}


<center>Chapter II. — The Enlightenment</center>


*{{i|XII. General Characteristics of the Reality free from Pollutions|310}}
*{{i|XIII. 8 Points on the Undefiled Reality|314}}
**{{i|(I) ''Svabhāva'' & (II) ''Hetu''|314}}
**{{i|(III) ''Phala''|315}}
**{{i|(IV) ''Karman''|318}}
**{{i|(V) ''Yoga''|322}}
**{{i|(VI) ''Vṛtti''|324}}
***{{i|a) The Body of the Absolute Essence|326}}
***{{i|b) The Body of Enjoyment|328}}
***{{i|c) The Apparitional Body|329}}
**{{i|(VII) ''Nitya''|331}}
**{{i|(VIII) ''Acintya''|334}}


<center>Chapter III. — The Properties of the Buddha</center>


*{{i|XIV. General Characteristics of the Buddha’s Properties|336}}
*{{i|XV. The 64 Properties of the Buddha|338}}
**{{i|(I) The 10 Powers|338}}
**{{i|(II) The 4 Forms of Intrepidity|339}}
**{{i|(III) The 18 Exclusive Properties|341}}
**{{i|(IV) The 32 Marks of the Superman|343}}
***{{i|(Commentary)|347}}


<center>Chapter IV. — The Acts of the Buddha</center>


*{{i|XVI. General Characteristics of the Acts of the Buddha|351}}
*{{i|XVII. The 9 Illustrations on the Buddha's Acts|355}}
**{{i|1) Buddha's Magnanimity|355}}
**{{i|2) The 9 Illustrations taken from the ''Jñānâlokâlaṅkārasūtra''|356}}
**{{i|3) Summary of the Illustrations given by the Commentator|374}}
**{{i|4) Summary of Examples given in the Kārikās|375}}
**{{i|5) Non-origination and Non-extinction of the Buddhahood|377}}
**{{i|6) The Point of Dissimilarity|377}}


<center>Chapter V. — The Merits of Faith</center>


*{{i|XVIII. The Merits of Having Faith in the Doctrine of the Essence of Buddhahood|380}}
**{{i|1) The Superiority of Faith to other Virtues in regard to their Merits|380}}
**{{i|2) Authority, Motive, and Characteristics of this Text being the Correct<br>Doctrine|384}}
**{{i|3) Means of preserving oneself within the Doctrine|386}}
**{{i|4) Causes and Results of the Loss of the Doctrine|387}}
**{{i|5) Conclusion|389}}


* {{i|Appendixes|}}
** {{i|I. Supposed for of the Original Śloka-grantha|393}}
** {{i|II. Corrections & Emendations to the Sanskrit Text|396}}
** {{i|III. Description of the Ultimate Reality by Means of the Six Categories|400}}
* {{i|Indexes|}}
** {{i|1. Index of Sanskrit Terms|411}}
** {{i|2. Index of Works, Authors & Schools|437}}
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