Mental stains that are not inherent to the nature of the mind but are temporarily present as the residue of past actions or habitual tendencies. It is sometimes iterated as adventitious defilements (Skt. ''āgantukakleśa'', Tib. ''glo bur gyi nyon mongs''), which references the fickle and temporary nature of disturbing emotions that lack an ultimately established basis for existence. +
A neutral base consciousness that is posited as the storehouse for the seeds of past karmic actions in which they remain in a latent state until the circumstances arise for them to ripen as karmic consequences. +
Though it can simply be used as the expression "I" or "me", in Indian thought the notion of self refers to a permanent, unchanging entity, such as that which passes from life to life in the case of people, or the innate essence (''svabhāva'') of phenomena. +
Literally, that which obscures or conceals. Often listed as a set of two obscurations (''sgrib gnyis''): the afflictive emotional obscurations (Skt. ''kleśāvaraṇa'', Tib. ''nyon mongs pa'i sgrib pa'') and the cognitive obscurations (Skt. ''jñeyāvaraṇa'', Tib. ''shes bya'i sgrib pa''). By removing the first, one becomes free of suffering, and by removing the second, one becomes omniscient. +
The disciples of the Buddha who aspire to attain individual liberation or nirvāṇa. The final goal of the Hearers is to become an arhat, a state in which one has totally eliminated the inner problems of attachment, hatred and ignorance, the main causes for rebirth in this cycle of existence. There are four stages of a śrāvaka path including eight phases. +