Dharmakaya, sambhogakaya, and nirmanakaya. The three kayas as ground are "essence, nature, and expression," as path they are "bliss, clarity, and nonthought," and as fruition they are the "three kayas of buddhahood." See Jive kayas. +
The place where Shri Singha lived when he taught Vairotsana and Lekdrub. It has not been determined whether this is situated in Oddiyana or in central India. +
The second empowerment, which purifies the defilements of speech, enables one to meditate on the channels and energies and to recite mantras and plants the seed for obtaining the vajra speech and the sambhogakaya. +
A ritual offering in tantric Buddhism in which oblations of food and drink are blessed as the elixir of wisdom and offered to the yidam deity as well as to the mandala of one's own body in order to purify breaches of one's sacred commitments. +
Also called Orgyen or Urgyen, a region in ancient India corresponding, according to some authorities, to the valley of Swat between Afghanistan and Kashmir. Oddiyana was the birthplace of Padmasambhava and Garab Dorje. +
A master of Nalanda University and the ordaining abbot of Shantarakshita. He was an exponent of the "upper school" of Svatantrika Madhyamaka and the author of the celebrated ''Two Truths of the Middle Way''. +
The mythological mountain at the center of our worldsystem surrounded by the four continents where the two lowest classes of gods of the world of desire live. It is encircled by chains of lesser mountains, lakes, continents, and oceans and is said to have an altitude of eighty-four thousand leagues above sea level. +
The Great Vehicle. The characteristic of Mahayana is the profound view of the emptiness of the ego and of all phenomena coupled with universal compassion and the desire to deliver all beings from suffering and its causes. +
The third Dharma king of Tibet and an emanation of Manjushri. He appeared in the fifth reign after Songtsen Gampo and was thirteen years old when he started ruling the kingdom. He invited many masters to Tibet to propagate the true doctrine, built Samye, and established Buddhism as the state religion of Tibet. There are many different opinions about his birth and death dates. +
One the seven men to be tested, the first seven monks ordained by Shantarakshita. Another of the twenty-five close disciples of Padmasambhava. According to the ''Chronicles'', Kawa Paltsek was sent to India with Chokro Lui Gyaltsen, not Khon Lui Wangpo, to invite Vimalamitra to Tibet. +