The Awakening of Faith (1967)

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{{Book
 
{{Book
|BookPerson={{Book-person
 
|PersonPage=Hakeda, Y.
 
|PersonName=Yoshito S. Hakeda
 
}}{{Book-person
 
|PersonPage=Aśvaghoṣa
 
|PersonName=Aśvaghoṣa
 
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|BookToc=*{{i|Foreword, by ''Wm. Theodore de Bary''|v}}
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|BookToc=**{{i|Foreword, by ''Wm. Theodore de Bary''|v}}
*{{i|Preface|vii}}
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**{{i|Preface|vii}}
*{{i|Introduction|1}}
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**{{i|Introduction|1}}
  
 
*{{i|&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;''The Awakening of Faith''|21}}
 
*{{i|&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;''The Awakening of Faith''|21}}
Introduction to the Reprint Edition, by Ry[ichi Abé 17
 
The Awakening of Faith 29
 
Invocation 31
 
The Contents of the Discourse 32
 
Part 1 The Reasons for Writing 33
 
Part 2 Outline 35
 
Part 3 Interpretation 38
 
Chapter One: Revelation of True Meaning 38
 
I. One Mind and Its Two Aspects 38
 
A. The Mind in Terms of the Absolute 39
 
1. Truly Empty 41
 
2. Truly Nonempty 42
 
B. The Mind in Terms of Phenomena 43
 
1. The Storehouse Consciousness 43
 
  
a. The Aspect of Enlightenment 43
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**{{i|Invocation|23}}
(1) Original Enlightenment 43
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**{{i|The Contents of the Discourse|24}}
(2) The Process of Actualization of Enlightenment 44
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*{{i|Part 1 The Reasons for Writing|25}}
(a) Purity of Wisdom 46
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*{{i|Part 2 Outline|28}}
(b) Suprarational Functions 47
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*{{i|Part 3 Interpretation|31}}
(3) The Characteristics of the Essence of
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**{{i|Chapter One: Revelation of True Meaning|31}}
Enlightenment 47
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***{{i|I. One Mind and Its Two Aspects|31}}
b. The Aspect of Nonenlightenment 48
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****{{i|A. The Mind in Terms of the Absolute|32}}
c. The Relationships Between Enlightenment and
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*****{{i|1. Truly Empty|34}}
Nonenlightenment 50
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*****{{i|2. Truly Nonempty|35}}
(1) Identity 50
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****{{i|B. The Mind in Terms of Phenomena|36}}
(2) Nonidentity 50
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*****{{i|1. The Storehouse Consciousness|36}}
2. The Cause and Conditions of Man’s Being in
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******{{i|a. The Aspect of Enlightenment|37}}
SaÅs1ra 51
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*******{{i|(1) Original Enlightenment|37}}
a. Mind 52
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*******{{i|(2) The Process of Actualization of Enlightenment|38}}
b. Consciousness 53
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********{{i|(a) Purity of Wisdom|41}}
c. Defiled States of Mind 55
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********{{i|(b) Suprarational Functions|41}}
d. Comments on the Terms Used in the Foregoing
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*******{{i|(3) The Characteristics of the Essence of Enlightenment|42}}
Discussion 56
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******{{i|b. The Aspect of Nonenlightenment|43}}
3. The Characteristics of Beings in SaÅs1ra 57
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******{{i|c. The Relationships Between Enlightenment and Nonenlightenment|45}}
a. Permeation of Ignorance 59
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*******{{i|(1) Identity|45}}
b. Permeation of Suchness 60
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*******{{i|(2) Nonidentity|46}}
(1) Permeation Through Manifestation of the Essence
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*****{{i|2. The Cause and Conditions of Man’s Being in Samsara|46}}
of Suchness 62
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******{{i|a. Mind|47}}
(2) Permeation Through Influences 63
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******{{i|b. Consciousness|49}}
(a) The Specific Coordinating Causes 63
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******{{i|c. Defiled States of Mind|51}}
(b) The General Coordinating Causes 64
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******{{i|d. Comments on the Terms Used in the Foregoing Discussion|52}}
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*****{{i|3. The Characteristics of Beings in Samsara|54}}
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******{{i|a. Permeation of Ignorance|56}}
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******{{i|b. Permeation of Suchness|58}}
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*******{{i|(1) Permeation Through Manifestation of the Essence of Suchness|59}}
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*******{{i|(2) Permeation Through Influences|61}}
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********{{i|(a) The Specific Coordinating Causes|61}}
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********{{i|(b) The General Coordinating Causes|63}}
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***{{i|II. The Essence Itself and the Attributes of Suchness, or The Meanings of Mahā|64}}
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****{{i|A. The Greatness of the Essence of Suchness|64}}
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****{{i|B. The Greatness of the Attributes of Suchness|65}}
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****{{i|C. The Greatness of the Influences of Suchness|67}}
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***{{i|III. From Samsara to Nirvana|72}}
  
II. The Essence Itself and the Attributes of Suchness, or
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**{{i|Chapter Two: The Correction of Evil Attachments|73}}
The Meanings of Mah1 66
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***{{i|I. The Biased Views Held by Ordinary Men|74}}
A. The Greatness of the Essence of Suchness 66
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***{{i|II. The Biased Views Held by the Hinayanists|78}}
B. The Greatness of the Attributes of Suchness 66
 
C. The Greatness of the Influences of Suchness 68
 
III. From SaÅs1ra to Nirv1âa 72
 
Chapter Two: The Correction of Evil Attachments 73
 
I. The Biased Views Held by Ordinary Men 74
 
II. The Biased Views Held by the HEn1yanists 77
 
vi contents
 
Chapter Three: Analysis of the Types of Aspiration for
 
Enlightenment, or The Meanings of Y1na 79
 
I. The Aspiration for Enlightenment Through the Perfection
 
of Faith 79
 
II. The Aspiration for Enlightenment Through
 
Understanding and Deeds 83
 
III. The Aspiration for Enlightenment Through
 
Insight 84
 
  
Part 4 On Faith and Practice 88
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**{{i|Chapter Three: Analysis of the Types of Aspiration for Enlightenment, or The Meanings of Yāna|80}}
On Four Faiths 88
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***{{i|I. The Aspiration for Enlightenment Through the Perfection of Faith|80}}
On Five Practices 89
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***{{i|II. The Aspiration for Enlightenment Through Understanding and Deeds|86}}
The Practice of Cessation 91
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***{{i|III. The Aspiration for Enlightenment Through Insight|87}}
The Practice of Clear Observation 94
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Part 5 Encouragement of Practice and the Benefits Thereof 96
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*{{i|Part 4 On Faith and Practice|92}}
Notes 99
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**{{i|On Four Faiths|92}}
Chinese Character Glossary 105
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**{{i|On Five Practices|93}}
Selected Bibliography 107
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**{{i|The Practice of Cessation|96}}
Index 111
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**{{i|The Practice of Clear Observation|100}}
 +
 
 +
*{{i|Part 5 Encouragement of Practice and the Benefits Thereof|103}}
 +
 
 +
**{{i|Notes|105}}
 +
 
 +
**{{i|A Selected Bibliography|119}}
 +
 
 +
**{{i|Index|123}}
 
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Latest revision as of 19:20, 11 September 2020

The Awakening of Faith (1967)
Book
Book

The text known as the Dasheng qixinlun (Awakening of Faith in the Mahāyāna) is a short treatise occupying only nine pages in the Taishō edition of the Chinese Tripitaka.[1] The reconstructed Sanskrit title of the work is Mahāyāna-śraddhotpāda-śāstra; it is said to have been written in Sanskrit by Aśvaghosha and translated into Chinese in A.D. 550 by the famous Indian translator of Buddhist texts, Paramārtha. No Sanskrit version of the text exists today, however, and all our knowledge of the work is based on this Chinese version and a second version that dates from a somewhat later period.
      The work is a comprehensive summary of the essentials of Mahāyāna Buddhism, the product of a mind extraordinarily apt at synthesis. It begins with an examination of the nature of the Absolute or enlightenment and of the phenomenal world or nonenlightenment and discusses the relationships that exist between them; from there, it passes on to the question of how man may transcend his finite state and participate in the life of the infinite while still remaining in the midst of the phenomenal order; it concludes with a discussion of particular practices and techniques that will aid the believer in the awakening and growth of his faith. In spite of its deep concern with philosophical concepts and definitions, therefore, it is essentially a religious work, a map drawn by a man of unshakable faith, which will guide the believer to the peak of understanding. But the map and the peak are only provisional symbols, skillful and expedient ways employed to bring men to enlightenment. The text and all the arguments in it exist not for their own sake but for the sake of this objective alone. The treatise is, indeed, a true classic of Mahāyāna Buddhism. (Hakeda, introduction, 1–2)

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Citation Hakeda, Yoshito S., trans. The Awakening of Faith: Attributed to Aśvaghosha. New York: Columbia University Press, 1967.