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Buddha-Nature: Mahayana-Uttaratantra-Shastra (Khyentse Commentary) +

* Introduction and Preliminaries 1 ** 2003 Teachings: Day 1 – Introduction 1 ** Day 2 – Introduction 8 * The First Vajra Point: Buddha 13 * The Second Vajra Point: Dharma 20 * The Third Vajra Point: Sangha 24 ** Day 3 – Introduction 26 ** The Three Refuges 29 * The Last Four Vajra Points 33 ** The Four Paradoxes 34 * The Fourth Vajra Point: The Element 37 ** Day 4 – Introduction 38 ** The Ten Aspects (of Buddha-nature) 40 *** #1: Essence 41 *** #2: Cause 42 **** The four obscurations that wrap the kham 43 *** #3: Result 44 *** #4: Action/Function 48 *** #5: Container/Endowment 49 *** #6: Entry 50 *** #7: Occasions 51 *** #8: All-pervasive 52 *** #9: Unchanging 53 **** Day 5 – Introduction 61 **** The example of the lotus growing in the water 63 *** #10: Inseparable 70 **** The example of the sun and its rays 70 **** The example of the painters 73 **** Day 6 – Introduction 76 ** The Nine Examples (of essence and defilements) 78 *** Example #1: The Buddha and the Lotus 79 *** Example #2: The Honey and the Bees 81 *** Example #3: The Grain and the Husk 82 *** Example #4: The Gold and the Filth 83 **** Day 7 – Introduction 88 *** Example #5: The Treasure and the Earth 90 *** Example #6: The Shoot and the Fruit-skin 92 *** Example #7: The Statue and the Tattered Rag 93 *** Example #8: The Chakravartin and the Woman 95 *** Example #9: The Golden Image and the Clay Mould 96 **** Day 8 – Introduction 99 **** Day 9 – Introduction 113 * The Fifth Vajra Point – Enlightenment 127 ** 2004 Teachings: Day 1 – Introduction 133 ** Day 2 – Introduction 150 ** Day 3 – Introduction 169 * The Sixth Vajra Point: Qualities 180 ** The Ten Powers 182 ** The Four Fearlessnesses 186 *** Day 4 – Introduction 188 ** The Eighteen Distinctive Qualities 190 ** The Fruit of Maturation (the 32 Major Marks) 193 *** How the examples and the qualities complement each other 199 * The Seventh Vajra Point: Activity 206 ** Day 5 – Introduction 206 ** The Nine Examples for the Buddha’s Activity 216 *** Example #1: Indra’s Reflection On The Lapis Lazuli Floor 217 **** Day 6 – Introduction 219 *** Example #2: The Heavenly Drum 225 *** Example #3: The Cloud 232 **** Day 7 – Introduction 236 *** Example #4: Brahma 239 *** Example #5: The Sun 242 *** Example #6: The Wishfulfilling Jewel 247 **** Day 8 – Introduction 249 *** Example #7: The Echo 250 *** Example #8: The Sky/Space 251 *** Example #9: The Earth 252 **** Day 9 – Introduction 261 **** Day 10 – Introduction 276 * Questions & Answers 287 ** The Fourth Vajra Point: The Element 287 *** Do animals have Buddha-nature? 287 *** Do plants and stones have Buddha-nature? 287 *** Kham and Buddha-nature 293 *** Kham and the gross & subtle elements 295 *** Buddha-nature, mind & wisdom 297 ** The Fifth Vajra Point: Enlightenment 299 *** Is Buddha-nature permanent? 299 *** Is Buddha-nature uncompounded? 302 ** The Sixth Vajra Point: Qualities 306 *** The 32 major marks 306 *** The activity of the nirmanakaya 313 ** The Seventh Vajra Point: Activity 315 *** The reflection in the lapis lazuli floor 315 *** Effortlessness 320 ** View and Path 322 *** Blessings & genuine heart of sadness 322 *** How does prayer work? 324 *** Uttaratantra and the Vajrayana 325 *** Why does the path have two accumulations? 327 *** Defilements, emotions & the origin of suffering 328 *** Are there other sentient beings? 337 *** Study & Practice 338 *** Buddha-nature & atman in Hinduism 347 *** Practice and the Four Seals 350 * Tibetan Words & Phrases 351 * Index 367

Buddha-Nature: The Mahayana Uttara Tantra Shastra: Maitreya's Root Text and Asanga's Commentary +

* '''INTRODUCTION TO THE USAT STUDY PROGRAM AND THE BUDDHA-NATURE TEACHINGS:''''''III''' * '''CLASS 1. [MUTS01/00:00]''''''1''' *** (#1)1 ** VERSE 1: THE CONTENTS OF THE WORK9 ** VERSE 2: THE SEVEN SUBJECTS ACCORDING TO THE ''DHARANISVARA-RAJA-PARIPRCCHA''10 * '''CLASS 2: [MUTS01/41:20]''''''11''' ** VERSE 3: THE CONNECTION BETWEEN THE SEVEN SUBJECTS11 *** (#2)12 ** THE JEWEL OF THE BUDDHA17 ** VERSE 417 ** VERSE 517 ** VERSE 617 ** VERSE 717 ** VERSE 817 *** (#3)24 * '''CLASS 3 [MUTS03/0:00''']'''25''' * '''CLASS 4: [MUTS03/41:50]''''''39''' *** (#4)39 * '''CLASS 5. [MUTS04/34:55]''''''51''' ** THE JEWEL OF THE DOCTRINE51 ** VERSE 951 *** (#5)53 ** VERSE 1055 * '''CLASS 6. [MUTS05/24:50]''''''59''' *** (#6)64 * '''CLASS 6 OPTIONAL: MAHAYANA PRECEPTS [MUTS06/08:00]''''''67''' * '''CLASS 6 OPTIONAL: MINDFULNESS OF BREATHING MEDITATION [MUTS06/37:00 TO 38:45]''''''72''' * '''CLASS 7. [MUTS06/38:53]''''''73''' ** VERSE 1173 ** VERSE 1274 *** (#7)74 ** VERSE 1375 ** THE JEWEL OF THE CONGREGATION:75 ** VERSE 1479 ** VERSE 15. THE SAINT’S KNOWLEDGE OF THE ABSOLUTE TRUTH80 ** VERSE 16. THE EMPIRICAL KNOWLEDGE OF THE SAINTS81 * '''CLASS 8. [MUTS07/28:25]''''''83''' *** (#8)87 ** VERSE 17. THE PERCEPTION OF THE SAINTS IS INTROSPECTIVE KNOWLEDGE88 ** VERSE 1889 * '''CLASS 9. [MUTS08/25:30]''''''95''' ** VERSE 1995 ** THE DOCTRINE AND THE CONGREGATION ARE NOT REFUGES IN THE ULTIMATE SENSE97 ** VERSE 2097 *** (#9)102 * '''CLASS 10. [MUTS09/13:30]''''''107''' ** THE BUDDHA IS THE UNIQUE ABSOLUTE REFUGE:109 ** VERSE 21109 ** THE MEANING OF "THE 3 JEWELS":110 ** VERSE 22110 *** (#10)113 * '''CLASS 11. [MUTS10/22:10]''''''121''' ** PART 2: THE BASIS FOR THIS ACHIEVEMENT121 ** GENERAL COMMENT ON THE LAST 4 VAJRA TOPICS121 ** (1) THE POTENTIAL [ED. OBERMILLER USES "GERM", BUT RINPOCHE USES POTENTIAL], (2) ENLIGHTENMENT, (3) THE ATTRIBUTES, AND (4) THE ACTS OF THE BUDDHA, IN THEIR INCONCEIVABLE NATURE:121 ** VERSE 23121 *** (#11)128 * '''CLASS 12. [MUTS11/18:45]''''''135''' ** VERSE 24135 ** VERSE 25135 ** (#12)143 ** THE POTENTIAL AND THE 3 OTHER SUBJECTS AS THE CAUSE AND CONDITIONS OF BUDDHAHOOD147 ** VERSE 26147 * '''CLASS 13. [MUTS12/15:55]''''''149''' ** THE 4TH VAJRA TOPIC: THE BUDDHA-NATURE:149 ** THE POTENTIAL OF THE ABSOLUTE:149 ** VERSE 27149 ** VERSE 28153 ** ANALYSIS OF THE (POTENTIAL, ESSENCE) FROM 10 POINTS OF VIEW:154 ** SUMMARY:154 ** VERSE 29154 ** THE ESSENCE OF THE SEED (1) AND THE CAUSES OF ITS PURIFICATION (2)156 ** VERSE 30156 ** VERSE 31158 * '''APPENDIX A: MAHAYANA FAST DAY VOWS''''''159''' * '''INDEX''''''163''' * '''GLOSSARY''''''166'''

Buddha-Nature: Through the Eyes of Go rams pa Bsod nams seng ge in Fifteenth-Century Tibet +

* ABSTRACTiii * ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSviii * INTRODUCTION1 ** General Introduction1 *** Past Scholarship and Dissertation Focus4 *** Research Strategy and Methodology8 *** Introduction to the ''Sdom Gsum Kha Skong''10 **** The Topical Outline of the First Chapter of the ''Sdom Gsum Kha Skong''13 * CHAPTER I - BRIEF HISTORY OF THE SA SKYA SCHOOL20 ** 'Khon Family Lineage20 *** Sa chen Kun-dga’ snying-po22 *** Slob-dpon Rin-po-che Bsod nams rtse mo24 *** Rje btsun Rin po che Grags pa rgyal mtshan25 *** Sa skya Pandita Kun dga' rgyal mtshan26 *** 'Gro mgon Chos rgyal 'Phags pa30 *** Ngor E wam Chos Idan and Ngor chen Kun dga' bzang po33 *** Nalendra and Rong ston Shes bya kun rig34 *** The Tshar pa and Tshar chen Blo gsal rgya mtsho35 ** Other Important Monasteries37 ** Sa Skya College in India39 * CHAPTER II - BIOGRAPHY OF GO RAMS PA42 ** Accounts of Go rams pa's Life42 *** Go rams pa's Birth43 *** Entering into the Religious Life and Early Studies44 *** Youthful Travels and Studies in Central Tibet45 *** Higher Studies with Many Great Masters46 *** Receiving Ordination of a Full Monk (Bhiksu)50 *** Persuaded from Returning Home50 *** Propagating the Teachings of Buddha52 *** Establishment of a Monastic College57 *** His Death and Relics59 *** His Disciples64 * CHAPTER III - GO RAMS PA'S OBJECTS OF REFUTATION66 * PART I66 *** Identification of the Objects of Refutations69 *** Rgyal tshab and His Followers69 *** Claimed Followers of Rong ston73 *** Bus ton, Shākya Mchog Idan and Their Followers74 *** Mang thos's Interpretation of Go rams pa's Thought80 *** Go rams pa's own Interpretation82 *** Hypothetical Questions83 *** Mang thos's Understanding of Go rams pa's Intention84 *** The Two Purities are Mutually Exclusive85 * CHAPTER IV - GO RAMS PA'S REFUTATION OF JO NANG PA ON BUDDHA-NATURE89 * PART II89 ** Refutation of Truly Existing Buddha-nature89 ** History of the Jo nang pa Tradition90 ** A Summary of Jo nang pa's Gzhan stong Theory93 ** Positioning Jo nang pa School95 ** Distinction between Rang stong and Gzhan stong102 ** Meaning of the Non-differentiation of the Basis and the Result103 ** Claiming their Assertion to be in accord with Sūtras and Śāstras103 ** Classification of Real and Imputation110 *** Demonstrating the Classification of Real and Imputation with Examples110 *** Claiming All Three Tantras to be Valid111 ** Refutation of ways in which they accept the result116 ** Refutation of the Ontology: Contradiction with Definitive Treatises118 ** Contradiction with the logical reasons which refutes Realists118 ** Contradiction with the Sequence of the Turning the Wheel of Dharma120 ** Contradiction to the Intent of Sūtra, Tantra and Śāstra122 ** Illustrating the Reasons of Investigation without Bias123 ** Essence of the Important Points in Brief124 * CONCLUSION125 ** Ascertainment with evidence128 * APPENDICES130 ** Appendix A: The text of ''sdom gsum kha skong'''s first chapter on basis (''gzhi'') and its translation130 ** Note on the Versification130 ** The Text and Translation130 ** Appendix B: Go rams pa's writings181 ** Volume I182 ** Volume II187 ** Volume III188 ** Volume IV189 ** Volume V194 ** List of his works arranged by subjects198 *** On the Hevajra Tantra:198 *** On the Cakrasamvara Tantra:200 *** On the Guhyasamāja Tantra:200 *** On the Vajrabhairava Teaching:201 *** On the Yoga Tantra:201 *** On the Prajñāpāramitā:201 *** On the Ratnagotravibhāga of Maitreya:201 *** On the Logic and Epistemology (''Pramāṇa''):202 *** On the Madhyamaka Philosophy:202 *** On the Three Sets of Vows:202 *** On the Yoga Tantra:203 ** Various Praises, Prayers and Answers to some Questions203 * BIBLIOGRAPHY208 ** Primary Sources and Translations; Sūtras and Tantras208 ** Commentaries and Philosophical Treatises209 ** Primary Sources of Works by Tibetans212 ** Secondary Sources215

Buddha-Nature, Mind and the Problem of Gradualism in a Comparative Perspective +

* Foreword 1 * I. The Buddhist notion of an immanent absolute as a problem in comparative religious and philosophical hermeneutics 17 * II. The great debate between 'Gradualists' and 'Simulaneists' in eighth-century Tibet 56 * III. Models of Buddhism in contact and opposition in Tibet: Religious and Philosophical issues in the great debate of Bsam Yas 93 * IV. The background to some issues in the great debate 138 ** 1. The giving up of activity and karman 141 ** 2. Voluntary death, self-immolation and the samasīsi(n) 147 ** 3. The gradual as opposed to the simultaneous/instantaneous and the procedure of leaping 150 ** 4. The conjunction of quieting and insight and of means and discriminative knowledge 182 ** 5. Absence of notion (saṃjñā) and non-mentation (amanasikāra) 192 ** 6. On a Bhāvanākrama in Bhavya's Madhyamakaratnapradīpa 206 ** 7. Silence 209 * Index 213 +

Buddhahood Without Meditation +

* List of Illustrationsviii * Introduction by Chagdud Tulkuix * Translator’s Notexxi * Buddhahood Without Meditation: Tibetan text and translation1 * Afterword by His Holiness Dudjom Rinpoche179 * Structural Analysis and Outline by His Holiness Dudjom Rinpoche183 * Glossary223 +

Buddhism's Journey to Tibet +

* Foreword by Yangsi Kalu Rinpochéxi * Translator's Introduction1 ** An Overview of ''The Treasury of Knowledge''4 ** Jamgön Kongtrul and the Purpose of ''The Treasury of Knowledge''9 ** Kalu Rinpoché and the Purpose of the Translation of ''The Treasury of Knowledge''18 ** Paying for the Translation of ''The Treasury of Knowledge''26 ** ''The Treasury'' in Translation33 ** Translating and Reading ''Buddhism's Journey to Tibet''35 ** Acknowledgments38 * Book Two: The Light of the World41 ** 1: Our Teacher's Path to Awakening43 ** 2: The Buddha's Enlightenment61 ** 3: The Buddha's Twelve Deeds75 ** 4: Enlightenment's Bodies and Pure Realms93 * Book Three: What the Buddha Taught113 ** 1: What Are the Sacred Teachings?115 ** 2: Cycles of Scriptural Transmission145 ** 3: Compilations of the Buddha's Word167 ** 4: The Origins of the Early Translations' Ancient Tradition183 * Book Four: Buddhism Resplendent in the World197 ** 1: Buddhism in the Land of Exalted Beings199 ** 2: How Buddhist Monastic Discipline and Scriptural Transmissions Came to Tibet235 ** 3: The History of Lineages of Meditation Practice in Tibet, the Eight Major Chariots321 ** 4: A History of Buddhist Culture377 * Appendix 1: The Root Text of Books Two, Three, and Four437 * Appendix 2: The Outline of Books Two, Three, and Four479 * Translator's Postscript: Reflections on Each Chapter491 ** ''Myriad Worlds'' Revisited491 ** Book Two: The Light of the World495 *** 1: Our Teacher's Path to Awakening495 *** 2: The Buddha's Enlightenment500 *** 3: The Buddha's Twelve Deeds509 *** 4: Enlightenment's Bodies and Pure Realms513 ** Book Three: What the Buddha Taught519 *** 1: What Are the Sacred Teachings?519 *** 2: Cycles of Scriptural Transmission528 *** 3: Compilations of the Buddha's Word536 *** 4: The Origins of the Early Translations' Ancient Tradition538 ** Book Four: Buddhism Resplendent in the World546 *** 1: Buddhism in the Land of Exalted Beings546 *** 2: How Buddhist Monastic Discipline and Scriptural Transmissions Came to Tibet551 *** 3: The History of Lineages of Meditation Practice in Tibet, the Eight Major Chariots577 *** 4: A History of Buddhist Culture597 * Bibliography605 * List of Names609 * List of Names of Nonhuman Beings633 * List of Place Names639 * List of Texts Cited645 * Subject Index663

Buddhism: One Teacher, Many Traditions (14th Dalai Lama and Chodron 2014) +

* Foreword by Bhante Gunaratanaxiii * Prologue by His Holiness the Dalaixvii * Lama Preface by Venerable Thubtenxix * Chodron Abbreviationsxxiii ** 1. Origin and Spread of the Buddha's Doctrine1 *** The Buddha's Life1 *** Buddhist Canons and the Spread of the Dharma2 *** Pāli Tradition4 *** Buddhism in China7 *** Buddhism in Tibet11 *** Our Commonalities and Diversity13 ** 2. Refuge in the Three Jewels17 *** Existence of the Three Jewels18 *** The Tathāgata’s Qualities19 *** Three Jewels: Pāli Tradition24 *** Three Jewels: Sanskrit Tradition28 *** Buddha’s Awakening, Parinirvāṇa, and Omniscience31 *** Taking Refuge and Maintaining Proper Refuge35 ** 3. Sixteen Attributes of the Four Truths39 *** Sanskrit Tradition39 *** Pāli Tradition49 ** 4. The Higher Training in Ethical Conduct61 *** The Importance of Ethical Conduct61 *** Prātimokṣa Ethical Restraints62 *** Why Celibacy?65 *** The Vinaya Schools66 *** The Value of the Monastic Community70 *** Fulfilling the Purpose of Monastic Life72 *** Monastics, Priests, and Lay Teachers74 *** Tibetan Monastics and Monastic Institutions75 *** Challenges for Western Monastics76 *** Full Ordination for Women77 *** Advice for Monastics79 *** The Joy of Monastic Discipline80 *** Bodhisattva and Tantric Ethical Restraints81 ** 5. The Higher Training in Concentration83 *** The Importance of Concentration83 *** Realms of Existence and Spheres of Consciousness84 *** Pāli Tradition85 *** Five Hindrances and Five Absorption Factors88 *** Four Jhānas91 *** Four Immaterial Absorptions95 *** Eight Meditative Liberations97 *** Superknowledges97 *** Sanskrit Tradition101 *** Meditation Position and Meditation Objects103 *** Five Faults and Eight Antidotes106 *** Nine Stages of Sustained Attention108 *** Serenity and Further Meditative Absorptions110 *** Chinese Buddhism113 ** 6. The Higher Training in Wisdom: Thirty-Seven Aids to Awakening115 *** Four Establishments of Mindfulness116 *** Mindfulness of the Body118 *** Mindfulness of Feelings121 *** Mindfulness of the Mind122 *** Mindfulness of Phenomena125 *** Four Establishments of Mindfulness for Bodhisattvas127 *** Four Supreme Strivings128 *** Four Bases of Supernormal Power128 *** Five Faculties and Five Powers129 *** Seven Awakening Factors130 *** The Noble Eightfold Path131 *** Conventional and Ultimate Natures of the Thirty-Seven Aids132 ** 7. Selflessness and Emptiness135 *** Pāli Tradition: The Self and the Aggregates136 *** Madhyamaka: The Object of Negation139 *** Seven-Point Refutation141 *** Six Elements Are Not the Self144 *** Refutation of Four Extremes of Arising148 *** Selfless and Deceptive156 *** Emptiness158 *** What Carries the Karma?160 ** 8. Dependent Arising163 *** Twelve Links of Dependent Arising163 *** Flow of the Links170 *** Who Circles in Saṃsāra?173 *** Benefits of Meditating on the Twelve Links of Dependent Arising175 *** Sanskrit Tradition: Levels of Dependence176 *** Causal Dependence177 *** Mutual Dependence177 *** Mere Dependent Designation179 ***Emptiness and Dependent Arising Are Compatible180 *** Pāli Tradition: Terms, Concepts, and Conventions182 ** 9. Uniting Serenity and Insight185 *** Pāli Tradition185 *** Sanskrit Tradition188 *** Chinese Buddhism190 ** 10. Progressing on the Path193 *** Pāli Tradition: Purification and Knowledge193 *** Sanskrit Tradition: Five Paths and Ten Bodhisattva Grounds198 *** Differences among the Three Vehicles201 *** Sanskrit Tradition: Nirvāṇa201 *** Pāli Tradition: Nibbāna204 ** 11. The Four Immeasurables207 *** Pāli Tradition207 *** Love209 *** Compassion213 *** Joy215 *** Equanimity215 *** Four Immeasurables and Insight216 *** Near and Far Enemies217 *** Sanskrit Tradition218 ** 12. Bodhicitta221 *** Tibetan Buddhism221 *** Equanimity222 *** Sevenfold Cause-and-Effect Instruction223 *** Equalizing and Exchanging Self and Others224 *** Self-Interest, Self-Confidence, Self-Centered Attitude, and Self-Grasping Ignorance228 *** Integrating the View with Bodhicitta229 *** Chinese Buddhism230 *** Four Great Vows233 *** Aspiring and Engaging Bodhicitta235 *** Pāli Tradition: Bodhicitta and Bodhisattas237 ** 13. Bodhisattva Training in the Perfections243 *** Sanskrit Tradition243 *** Pāli Tradition: Ten Pāramīs246 *** Perfection of Generosity249 *** Perfection of Ethical Conduct251 *** Perfection of Fortitude253 *** Perfection of Joyous Effort256 *** Perfections of Meditative Stability and of Renunciation259 *** Perfection of Wisdom259 *** Perfections of Unshakable Resolve and of Determination262 *** Perfections of Skillful Means, Power, and Exalted Wisdom263 *** Pāramīs of Truthfulness, Love, and Equanimity264 *** The Four Ways of Gathering Disciples265 ** 14. The Possibility of Awakening and Buddha Nature269 *** Is Liberation Possible?269 *** Pāli Tradition: Luminous Mind271 *** Yogācāra School: Buddha Nature272 *** Madhyamaka School: Buddha Nature273 *** Tantrayāna: Buddha Nature275 *** Chan: Buddha Nature, Bodhicitta, and True Suchness276 *** Understanding Tathāgatagarbha278 ** 15. Tantra281 *** Tantric Deities282 *** Entering Vajrayāna283 *** Excellent Features of Highest Yoga Tantra284 ** 16. Conclusion287 ** Notes291 ** Index293 ** About the Authors321

Buddhist Cosmic Unity +

* Foreword vii * Preface ix * Introduction 3 ** Textual History 3 ** Doctrine 14 * Edition and Translation 55 * Appendices 135 ** 1: Is the Mind Originally Pure or is it Luminous? 135 ** 2: On amuktajña 141 ** 3: *Sāramati 149 ** 4: Reading Text and Translation 159 ** 5: A Hypothetical Reconstruction of an Indic Form of the AAN 181 ** 6: Citations of the AAN 191 * Literature 219 * Indices 241 +

Buddhist Faith and Sudden Enlightenment +

* Preface''vii'' * Introduction''1'' <center>PART ONE: FAITH</center> * 1. The Primacy of Faith in Buddhism11 * 2. Patriarchal Faith and Doctrinal Faith19 * 3. Buddha-nature and Patriarchal Faith25 * 4. Essence-Function versus Subject-Object Constructions35 * 5. Nonbacksliding Faith and Backsliding Faith43 * 6. The Two Truths and Skill-in-Means49 <center>PART TWO: PRACTICE</center> * 7. The Unity of Faith and Enlightenment in Practice55 * 8. Bodhidharma's Wall Meditation59 * 9. Questioning Meditation and the Dynamics of Faith66 * 10.Practice in the Treatise on Awakening Mahayana Faith78 * 11. Faith and Practice in Pure Land Buddhism90 * 12. Faith as the Practice of Compassion96 <center>PART THREE: ENLIGHTENMENT</center> * 13. Sudden Enlightenment and Gradual Practice105 * 14. Faith and Enlightenment in the Hua-yen Sutra110 * 15. Kkaech'im: The Experience of Brokenness123 * 16. Revolution of the Basis126 * 17. The Three Gates133 * Conclusion137 * Abbreviations145 * Notes147 * Glossary of Chinese Characters159 * Bibliography169 * Index205 +

Buddhist Philosophy and Meditation Practice +

*'''Preface''' *'''Table of Contents''' *'''Introduction''' *'''Buddhist Philosophy and Meditation Practice''' * 1. ''Jason Siff'': Language and Meditation3 * 2. ''Jongmyung Kim'': Thought and Praxis in Contemporary Korean Buddhism: A Critical Examination14 * 3. ''Ven. Jinwol Lee'': Ganhwaseon (看話禪) in Korea: From a Seon Practitioner’s Perspective28 * 4. ''Prof. Robert E. Buswell, Jr'': The Transformation of Doubt (Ǔijǒng 疑情) in Kanhwa Sǒn 看話禪: The Testimony of Gaofeng Yuanmiao 高峰原妙 (1238-1295)34 * 5. ''Tadeusz Skorupski'': Consciousness and Luminosity in Indian and Tibetan Buddhism]43 * 6. ''James Blumenthal'': Śamatha and its Relation to the Mundane and Supra-mundane Paths According to Geluk Traditions of Tibetan Buddhism65 * 7. ''Kyaw, Pyi Phyo'': The Paṭṭhāna (Conditional Relations) and Buddhist Meditation Application of the Teachings in the Paṭṭhāna in Insight (Vipassanā) Meditation Practice72 * 8. ''Lei Xiaoli (Ph.D Candidate)'': A Study on the Development of Meditation in Theravada Buddhism and Chinese Buddhism88 * 9. ''Kanae Kawamoto'': Pragmatic Benefits and Concentration through Ānāpānasati Meditation98 * 10. ''Dr. H. M. Mahinda Herath'': Theravada Philosophical Exposition of the Supramundane (Lokuttara) State104 * 11. ''Thomas A C Weiser'': Three Practices of the Four Foundations of Mindfulness: An Investigation in Comparative Soteriology111 * 12. ''Professor Angraj Chaudhary'': The Philosophy of Suffering and the Practice of Vipassana128 * 13. ''Joel Walmsley & Ira Greenberg'': Mind, Death and Supervenience: Towards a Comparative Dialogue134 * 14. ''Jeff Waistell'': Mindfulness Meditation and Praxis149 * 15. ''Charles Pyle'': A Strategic Perspective on Buddhist Meditation158 * 16. ''Jim Rheingans'': Communicating the Innate: Observations on Teacher-Student Interaction in the Tibetan Mahāmudrā Instructions177 * 17. ''Sumi Lee'': Searching for a Possibility of Buddhist Hermeneutics: Two Exegetic Strategies in Buddhist Tradition202 * 18. ''Khristos Nizamis'': The Mind’s 'I' in Meditation : Early Pāli Buddhadhamma: and Transcendental Phenomenology in Mutual Reflection212 * 19. ''Apisin Sivayathorn & Apichai Puntasen'': Is It True That Buddhism is Mind-Based Science?239 * 20. ''Karin Meyers'': The Pleasant Way: The Dhyāna-s, Insight and the Path according to the Abhidharmakośa259 * 21. ''Thanaphon Cheungsirakulvit'': Buddhadāsa's Poetry: the Object of Contemplation on Emptiness278 * 22. ''Prof. Yasanjali Devika Jayatilleke'': An Anthropological Study on the Rituals Pertaining to Life Crises Events among Sri Lankan Buddhists314 * 23. ''Dr. Mark Owen'': The Philosophical Foundations of the Tibetan Buddhist Practice of Bodily Preservation324 * 24. ''Bethany Lowe'': Dangerous Dharma, Death, and Depression: The Importance of 'Right View' for Practicing Contemplation within a Western Buddhist Tradition343 * 25. ''Venerable Bhikkhuni Anula Devi'': The Practical approach to the Enlightenment through the Buddhist Meditation362 * 26. ''Dr. Wangchuk Dorjee Negi'': Buddhist Meditation Practices370 * 27. ''Dr Sarah Shaw'' : Breathing Mindfulness: Text and Practice378 * 28. ''Nuengfa Nawaboonniyom & Apichai Puntasen'': The Training of Satipaṭṭhāna related to 15 Caraṇas and 8 Vijjās391 * 29. ''Giuliana Martini'': Transcending the Limiting Power of Karma The Early Buddhist Appamāṇas413 * 30. ''Ven. Dr. Yuanci'': A Study of the Meditation Methods in the DESM and Other Early Chinese Texts438 * 31. ''Assoc. Prof. Dr. Uma Shankar'': The Philosophical Perspectives in the Meditational practices of Tantric Buddhism466

Buddhist Texts Through the Ages +

<center>''Introduction''</center> <center>''First Part''</center> <center>THE TEACHING OF THE ELDERS</center> <center>''By I. B. Horner''</center> * THE SAMGHA17 <center>THE ORDER OF MONKS AND NUNS</center> <center>''Conversion of Anathapindika'' 17</center> <center>''Conversion of General Siha'' 20</center> <center>''Ordination of Pajapati the Great'' 23</center> <center>''Visakha, the Laywoman Supporter'' 26</center> <center>''Schism'' 28</center> <center>SKILL IN MEANS 33</center> <center>ARAHANTS 42</center> <center>THE BUDDHIST APOCALYPSE 45</center> * THE DHAMMA51 <center>THE FIVE FACULTIES</center> <center>''The Five Faculties collectively'' 51</center> <center>''The Five Faculties separately'' 52</center> <center>''Faith'' 52</center> <center>''Vigour'' 54</center> <center>''Mindfulness'' 56</center> <center>''Concentration'' 60</center> <center>''Wisdom'' 64</center> <center>CONDITIONED GENESIS</center> <center>''Conditioned Genesis collectively'' 65</center> <center>''Cond:tioned Genesis separately'' 70</center> <center>''Ignorance'' 70</center> <center>''Consciousness'' 70</center> <center>''Feelng'' 72</center> <center>''Craving'' 73</center> <center>''Grasping'' 74</center> <center>''Birth, Ageing and Dying'' 76</center> <center>THE OBJECT OF WISDOM</center> <center>''Crossing Over'' 82</center> <center>''Emptiness'' 90</center> <center>''Nirvana'' 92</center> * THE BUDDHA AND TATHAGATA103 <center>''Second Part''</center> <center>THE MAHAYANA</center> <center>''By Edward Conze''</center> * BASIC NOTIONS119 <center>CRITICISM OF THE HINAYANA POSITION</center> <center>''Bodhisattvas and Disciples'' 119</center> <center>''The Conversion of Sariputra'' 120</center> <center>''The two Nirvanas'' 124</center> <center>THE BODHISATTVA</center> <center>''Descriptions'' 127</center> <center>''His Infinite Compassion'' 131</center> <center>''The Dedication of Merit'' 132</center> <center>THE SIX PERFECTIONS</center> <center>''Definition'' 135</center> <center>''The six Perfections and the Body'' 136</center> <center>''The Perfection of Giving'' 136</center> <center>''The Perfection of Patience'' 137</center> <center>''The Perfection of Meditation'' 138</center> <center>THE BUDDHA</center> <center>''The Tathagata as a Rain-cloud'' 139</center> <center>''The real Buddha'' 140</center> <center>''The Tathagatas' Coming and Going'' 143</center> <center>''The Dharma-body'' 143</center> <center>''Tathagata and Suchness'' 144</center> <center>''The 18 special dharmas of a Buddha'' 145</center> * NEW WISDOM SCHOOL146 <center>THE PERFECTION OF WISDOM 146</center> <center>THE ELUSIVENESS OF PERFECT WISDOM 149</center> <center>THE DOCTRINE OF PERFECT WISDOM 152</center> <center>EMPTINESS</center> <center>''Preliminary Meditations'' 158</center> <center>''Definitions and Synonyms of Emptiness'' 163</center> <center>''Negations'' 172</center> <center>''Contradictions'' 175</center> <center>''Unreality of the World'' 177</center> <center>''Emptiness and Salvation'' 179</center> <center>''The Germ of Buddhahood in all Beings'' 181</center> * THE BUDDHISM OF FAITH185 <center>FAITH 185</center> <center>THE ACTS AND REWARDS OF DEVOTION 186</center> <center>THE OBJECTS OF DEVOTION</center> <center>''The Buddha'' 190</center> <center>''Avalokitesvara'' 194</center> <center>''Tara'' 196</center> <center>THE PURE LAND 202</center> * YOGACARINS207 <center>MIND ONLY 207</center> <center>TWOFOLD EGOLESSNESS 211</center> <center>IRREALITY OF THE WORLD 212</center> <center>THE BUDDHA AS THE BASIS OF ALL 216</center> <center>''Third Part''</center> <center>THE TANTRAS</center> <center>''By David Snellgrove''</center> <center>''The Cleansing of Thought'' 221</center> <center>''Supreme Enlightenment'' 221</center> <center>''Saraha's Treasury of Songs'' 224</center> <center>''Anangavajra, The Attainment of the Realization of Wisdom and Means'' 240</center> <center>''Note on the Mandala'' 246</center> <center>''Advayavajra, The fivefold Manifestation'' 249</center> <center>''An Evocation of Prajnaparamita'' 252</center> <center>''The Mandala conceived within'' 254</center> <center>''The Story of Tanti'' 255</center> <center>''Mila Repa and the Novices'' 257</center> <center>''Fourth Part''</center> <center>TEXTS FROM CHINA AND JAPAN</center> <center>By Arthur Waley</center> <center>Introduction</center> * TEXTS ORIGINATING IN INDIA274 <center>''The Parable of Me and Mine'' 274</center> <center>''On the Curing of Illness contracted during Dhyana Practice'' 274</center> <center>''Meditation upon the Element Water'' 275</center> <center>''Judging the Character of a Dhyana Pupil'' 276</center> <center>''The Bracelets'' 278</center> <center>''All Words are true'' 278</center> <center>''Buddha's Doctrine'' 279</center> <center>''The Negation of Dhyana'' 280</center> <center>''Po Chu-i. Poem On Reading the Dhyana Sutra'' 281</center> <center>''Nationality'' 282</center> <center>''The Intermediate State'' 283</center> <center>''Devas repeople the Earth'' 283</center> <center>''Buddha's Pity'' 285</center> * TEXTS ORIGINATING IN CHINA AND JAPAN287 <center>''A Hinayana Sect in early China'' 287</center> <center>''The Truly So'' 290</center> <center>''From the Lives of the Nuns'' 291</center> <center>''On Trust in the Heart'' 295</center> <center>From the Conversations of Shen-hui 299</center> <center>''A nice Mountain'' 302</center> <center>''Rain-making'' 302</center> * BIBLIOGRAPHY307 * SOURCES311 * GLOSSARY313 * ABBREVIATIONS323

C

Carefree Dignity +

* ''Dedication''7 * ''Foreword''9 * Open and Free13 * Ground22 * View35 * Beginning Meditation53 * Transcending Shamatha64 * Not Meditating, Not Being Distracted88 * Guided Meditation102 * Losing It108 * Vajrasattva Meditation126 * Development and Completion Unified140 * Compassion148 * Carefree161 * Progressive Path167 * Bardo186 * Fruition201 * Confidence213 * Dignity230 * ''Afterword''235 +

Cataphatic Emptiness: rGyal-tshab on the Buddha-essence Theory of Asaṅga's Ratnagotravibhāgavyākhyā +

* List of Tablesv * AcknowledgmentsvI * Technical Notesvii Part 1: The Prāsaṅgika-Mādhyamika Interpretation of the Buddha-essence Theory * Introduction2 * Chapter 1: Historical and Doctrinal Background17 ** 1. rGyal-tshab's Life and Works17 ** 2. The social-political background26 ** 3. The doctrinal background29 ** 4. The Structure and Contents of the ''rGyud bla ṭīkā''33 * Chapter 2: Doctrinal Classification of the ''Ratnagotravibhāga''37 ** 1. Asaṅga and the Five Treatises of Maitreya38 ** 2. The subtle emptiness according to the RGV41 *** The truth-habit as the cause of saṃsāra41 *** The truth-habit as the addictive obscuration43 *** Śrāvakas and pratyekabuddhas' realization of objective selflessness44 *** Refuting the Vijñānavādin standpoint concerning emptiness47 ** 3. The Three Stages of Teaching according to the DIR49 *** Establishing the unique vehicle49 *** As the distinctive presentation of the Prāsaṅgika-Mādhyamika viewpoint54 ** 4. The ''Prajñāpāramitā-sūtra'' and the TGS56 ** 5. The TGS as Being Definitive62 * Chapter 3: Critiques of Absolutism, Skepticism, and Quietism69 ** 1. Critique of Dol-po-pa's "Great Madhyamaka"70 *** Refuting Dol-po-pa's classification of the TGS71 *** Refuting Buddha-essence as a permanent entity72 *** Refuting Buddha-essence as being endowed with twofold purities77 ** 2. Critique of the Mainstream Positions81 *** 'Gos-lo's position on Buddha-essence84 *** dGe-lugs-pa scholars' responses89 ** 3. A Comparison with Critiques of "Original-enlightenment" theory in Modern Chinese Buddhism94 *** A comparison of interpretations between 'Gos-lo and Zongmi96 *** Modern Chinese Critiques of "Original-enlightenment"99 * Chapter 4: Analysis of the Title and Textural Structure110 ** 1. The Title "''Mahāyānottaratantra''" and Its Implication110 ** 2. The Seven Vajra-Like Bases114 *** Two aspects114 *** rGyal-tshab's revision of rNgog-lo's "two wheels" theory 116 *** The first three bases as ultimate fruition118 *** The last four bases as cause and conditions119 ** 3. The Term "Ratnagotra" and the Textual Structure of RGV121 ** 4. rGyal-tshab on the Fourfold ''Ratnagotra'' as Cause and Conditions124 *** The Element as a cause according to RGV I.16124 *** The last three bases as conditions127 ** 5. On RGV 1.3129 ** 6. Conclusion132 * Chapter 5: Reality, Element, and Natural Luminosity of the Mind134 ** 1. The Buddha-essence and Its Various Names134 ** 2. Reality136 *** As immutable ultimate reality136 *** The tainted reality138 ** 3. ''Dharmatā''140 ** 4. Natural Luminosity of the Mind142 *** Origin in Canonical sources142 *** rGyal-tshab's Exegesis on the Passages from the SMS and the DIR144 *** On the Passage from the GGS147 ** 5. The Element150 *** According to the AAN150 *** According to the MAS154 ** 6. The Buddha-essence and the Madhyamaka Philosophy156 *** The Equation of the Buddha-essence with emptiness156 *** Realizing the Buddha-essence as the Middle Way159 ** 7. Conclusion163 * Chapter 6: Buddha-essence and Its Ten Aspects164 ** 1. The Tripartite Buddha-essence164 *** The diffusion of the truth body166 *** The indivisible reality and generic potentials168 ** 2. The Ten Points170 *** Nature171 *** Causes173 *** Fruition178 *** Actions187 *** Possession192 *** Engagement194 *** States196 *** All-pervadingness198 *** Unchangeability200 *** Indivisible excellences205 * Chapter 7: The Eighteen Similes in the ''Tathāgatagarbha-sūtra''209 ** 1. rGyal-tshab's General Discussion209 ** 2. The Nine Smiles for the Obscuring Defilements215 *** The lotus simile for latent state of attachment215 *** The bees simile for latent state of hatred216 *** The husks simile for latent state of misknowledge216 *** The filth simile for intense outburst of attachment, hatred, and misknowledge218 *** The floor simile for ground of instincts for misknowledge219 *** The fruit simile for addictions eliminated by the Path of Insight220 *** The tattered rags simile for addictions eliminated by the Path of Meditation221 *** The woman simile for addictions related to the Impure Stages222 *** The clay simile for addictions related to the Pure stages223 *** Discussion of the twofold obscuration224 ** 3. The Nine Smiles for the Obscured Element226 *** The three similes for the Truth Body228 *** The gold simile for reality230 *** The five similes for the spiritual gene231 * Chapter 8: The Twofold Spiritual Gene236 ** 1. Tsong-kha-pa's Analysis of the Vijñānavadin Standpoints237 ** 2. A Mādhyamika Critique of the Vijñānavadin Standpoint248 ** 3. The dGe-Iugs-pa Exegesis of the "Spiritual Gene" Section of the AA250 ** 4. Natural Luminosity of the Mind under Debate256 * Conclusion264 * Abbreviations268 * Bibliography271 Part 2: Appendices * 1. A Special Edition of Chapter One of the ''Theg pa chen po rgyud bla ma'i ṭīkā'' (1a-72a and 64a-170b)285 ** A. Topical Outline285 ** B. Special Edition306 * 2. Translations449 ** A. The ''Mahāyānottaratantrarvyākhyā'' (Chapter One: 1.1-7.5 and 21.1-78.22)449 ** B. The ''Theg pa chen po rgyud bla ma'i ṭīkā'' (Chapter One: 1a-72a and 64a-170b)525

Chi-tsang's Ta-ch'eng-hsüan-lun: The Two Truths and the Buddha-Nature +

* Acknowledgmentsii * I Introduction1 * II. The Structure and Meaning of the Two Truths14 ** A. The Theoretical Structure14 *** 1. Principle and Teaching: The Two Truths as Teachings15 *** 2. The Context of Truth26 *** 3. The Initial Thesis and the Four Levels of Two Truths33 ** B. The Identity of Emptiness and Existence: Terms and Concepts53 *** 1. The Identity of the Two Truths54 *** 2. The Four Categories of Interpretation62 *** 3. Provisional and Middle: Interdependency, Principle and Teaching68 ** C. The Essence and Function of the Two Truths85 *** 1. The Liang Theories94 *** 2. The Three Kinds of Middle Path101 * III. The Practice of Insight into the Two Truths113 ** A. Introduction113 *** 1. Theory and Practice121 *** 2. ''Prajñā'' and ''Upāya''129 ** B. The Dharmas as Objects-of-Cognition137 *** 1. True Dharma138 *** 2. The True Mark of the Dharmas and the True Dharma145 *** 3. The Non-duality of Subject and Object, Cause and Result154 ** C. The Concurrent Insight of the Two Truths and the Two Knowledges165 * IV. The Theory and the Practice of the Buddha-nature186 ** A. Introduction: Chi-tsang and the ''Nirvāṇa-sūtra''186 ** B. The Buddha-nature of the Middle Path200 *** 1. The Buddha-nature Theories of the North-South Period201 *** 2. The Buddha-nature of Neither Cause nor Result209 *** 3. The Buddha-nature of Non-sentient Objects217 ** C. The Five Kinds of Buddha-nature231 *** 1. Textual and Historical Development231 *** 2. The Ekayāna and the Buddha-nature244 *** 3. The Two Knowledges and the Perception of the Buddha-nature255 * Appendix I: The Meaning of the Two Truths269 * Appendix II: The Meaning of Buddha-nature357 * Notes419 * Selected Bibliography443

Collected Papers on the Tathāgatagarbha Doctrine +

* Preface1 * Editorial Note3 * Abbreviations5 <center> I. TEXTUAL RESEARCH</center> * A Revised Edition of the ''Laṅkāvatāra-sūtra'', "Kṣanikaparivarta"9 <center>II. THE ''LAṄKĀVATĀRA'' AND OTHER TEXTS</center> * An Analysis of the ''Laṅkāvatāra'': In Search of Its Original Form101 * The Concept of ''Manas'' in the ''Laṅkāvatāra''118 * Sources of the ''Laṅkāvatāra'' and Its Position in Mahāyāna Buddhism128 * The Structure of the ''Anuttarāśrayasūtra'' (''Wu-shang-i ching'')156 * Remarks on the Sanskrit Fragments of the ''Abhidharmadharmaskandhapādaśāstra''165 * On the ''Myaṅ 'das''175 * Textual Problems of the ''Mahāyānaśraddhotpāda''184 <center>III. TECHNICAL TERMS AND BASIC CONCEPTS OF THE</center> <center>''TATHĀGATAGARBHA'' THEORY</center> * The "Tathāgatôtpattisaṃbhava-nirdeśa" of the ''Avataṃsaka'' and the ''Ratnagotra- vibhāga'': With Special Reference to the Term ''Tathāgata-gotra-saṃbhava''201 * The Description of Ultimate Reality by Means of Six Categories in Mahāyāna Buddhism208 * A Comment on the Term ''Ārambaṇa'' in the ''Ratnagotravibhāga'', 1.9219 * ''Dharmatā'', ''Dharmadhātu'', ''Dharmakāya'' and ''Buddhadhātu'': The Structure of the Ultimate Value in Mahāyāna Buddhism228 * On ''Upādāna''/''Upādāyaprajñapti''246 * On ''Upādāna'' (II): ''Ālayavijñāna'' and Its Two Kinds of ''Upādāna''265 * On ''Gotrabhū''280 <center>IV. ''TATHĀGATAGARBHA'' DOCTRINE IN GENERAL</center> * The Buddhist Concept of the Spiritual Family293 * The ''Tathāgatagarbha'' Theory in the ''Mahāparinirvāṇa-sūtra''299 * ''Tathāgatagarbha'' and the Community of Bodhisattvas311 * Ethische Implikationen der ''Tathāgatagarbha''-Lehre324 * Thoughts on ''Dhātu-vāda'' and Recent Trends in Buddhist Studies343 * The ''Tathāgatagarbha'' Theory Reconsidered: Reflections on Some Recent Issues in Japanese Buddhist Studies352 <center>V. JAPANESE AND EAST ASIAN BUDDHISM</center> * A History of East Asian Buddhist Thought: The Formation of a Sphere of Chinese-Canon-Based Buddhism369 * "Japanization" of Buddhism417 * The Ekayāna (One Vehicle) Doctrine as the Basis of Japanese Buddhism432 * Kōbō Daishi (Kūkai) and ''Tathāgatagarbha'' Thought451 * ''Saṃsāra eva nirvāṇam''480 * "Non-Sentient Beings Preaching the Dharma": Buddhist Views on the Environment499 * Some Problems in the Tibetan Translations from Chinese Materials524 <center>VI. BUDDHIST STUDIES IN JAPAN</center> * One Hundred Years of Buddhist Studies in Japan539 <center>VII. BOOK REVIEWS</center> * John M. Koller, ''Oriental Philosophies''565 * David Seyfort Ruegg, ''La théorie du tathāgatagarbha et du gotra''571 * Alex & Hideko Wayman, ''The Lion's Roar of Queen Śrīmālā''586 * Hajime Nakamura, ''Indian Buddhism''591 * Index 595

Coming to Terms with Chinese Buddhism +

* ACKNOWLEDGMENTSix * ABBREVIATIONSxi * CONVENTIONS OF USAGExii * Introduction: Prolegomenon to the Study of Medieval Chinese Buddhist Literature1 *''Part 1: The Historical and Cosmological Background'' * 1. The Date and Provenance of the Treasure Store Treatise31 * 2. Chinese Buddhism and the Cosmology of Sympathetic Resonance77 * ''Part 2: Annotated Translation of the'' Treasure Store Treatise Introduction to the Translation137 * 3. The ''Treasure Store Treatise''/Chapter One The Broad Illumination of Emptiness and Being143 * 4. The ''Treasure Store Treatise''/Chapter Two The Essential Purity of Transcendence and Subtlety193 * 5. The ''Treasure Store Treatise''/Chapter Three The Empty Mystery of the Point of Genesis228 * Appendix 1: On Esoteric Buddhism in China263 * Appendix 2: Scriptural Quotations in the ''Treasure Store Treatise''279 * NOTES287 * WORKS CITED345 * INDEX379 +

Commentary on The Presentation of Grounds, Paths, and Results +

* '''''Chapter 1''''' * '''Two Approaches to Ultimate Realization''''''1''' <center>'''THE PRESENTATION OF THE PATHS'''</center> * '''''Chapter 2''''' * '''The Presentation of the Paths''' '''3''' ** The Meaning of Path 3 *** ''The Presentation of Grounds and Paths in the Causal Vehicle of Characteristics''4 *** ''1. The presentation of the natures of the paths''5 * '''''Chapter 3''''' * '''The Entity of Path''' '''7''' *** ''1.1. The entity of path''7 ** The Definition of Path8 ** The First Incorrect Definition8 ** The Second Incorrect Definition9 ** The Third Incorrect Definition10 ** Summary of the Three Incorrect Definitions10 * '''''Chapter 4''''' * '''The Classificational Enumerations of the Paths''''''11''' *** ''1.2. The classificational enumerations''11 ** Five Paths, One Practice12 * '''''Chapter 5''''' * '''The Semantic Explanation of Path''''''15''' *** 1.3. ''The semantic explanation of the meaning of the term''15 * '''''Chapter 6''''' * '''Nominal and Actual Paths''''''17''' *** ''1.4. The difference between actual and nominal paths''17 * '''''Chapter 7''''' * '''The Five Paths''' '''19''' *** ''1.5. The detailed explanations of each one of the five paths''19 * '''''Chapter 8''''' * '''The Path of Accumulation''''''21''' *** ''1.5.1. The path of accumulation''21 * THE DEFINITION OF THE PATH OF ACCUMULATION21 *** ''1.5.1.1. Setting up its definition''21 * THE ILLUSTRATION OF THE PATH OF ACCUMULATION22 *** ''1.5.1.2. Identifying its illustration''22 * THE EXTENSIVE CLASSIFICATION OF THE PATH OF ACCUMULATION23 *** ''1.5.1.3. The extensive classification''23 ** The Threefold Classification of Lesser, Medium, and Greater23 *** The Four Intense Applications of Mindfulness24 *** The Four Perfect Relinquishments24 *** The Four Limbs of Miraculous Powers25 *** Two Reasons for the Threefold Classification25 ** The Alternative Fourfold Classification26 * THE NATURE OF THE PATH OF ACCUMULATION27 *** ''1.5.1.4 Determining its nature''27 ** The Psychophysical Supports in Which It Arises27 ** The Grounds on Which It Relies28 ** The Objects on Which It Focuses28 * THE FEATURES OF RELINQUISHMENT & REALIZATION OF THE PATH OF ACCUMULATION29 *** ''1.5.1.5. The features of relinquishment and realization''29 * THE QUALITIES OF THE PATH OF ACCUMULATION31 *** ''1.5.1.6. Stating its qualities''31 * THE FUNCTION OF THE PATH OF ACCUMULATION33 *** ''1.5.1.7. Its function''33 * THE SEMANTIC EXPLANATION OF THE PATH OF ACCUMULATION35 *** ''1.5.1.8. Teaching its semantic explanation''35 * '''''Chapter 9''''' * '''The Path of Junction'''37 *** ''1.5.2. The path of junction''37 * THE DEFINITION OF THE PATH OF JUNCTION37 *** ''1.5.2.1. Setting up its definition''37 * THE ILLUSTRATION OF THE PATH OF JUNCTION40 *** ''1.5.2.2. Identifying its illustration''40 * THE EXTENSIVE CLASSIFICATION OF THE PATH OF JUNCTION40 *** ''1.5.2.3. The extensive classification''40 ** The Classification Through Nature41 ** The Classification in Terms of Accumulation and Junction41 ** The Classification in Terms of Lesser and Greater42 ** The Classification by Way of Realization43 *** The Phase of Heat 45 *** The Phase of Peak 46 *** The Phase of Endurance 49 *** The Phase of Supreme Dharma50 * THE NATURE OF THE PATH OF JUNCTION52 *** ''1.5.2.4. Determining its nature''52 ** The Psychophysical Supports in Which It Arises52 ** The Grounds on Which It Relies53 ** The Objects on Which It Focuses56 * THE FEATURE OF RELINQUISHMENT & REALIZATION OF THE PATH OF JUNCTION58 *** ''1.5.2.5. The features of relinquishment and realization''58 ** What Is Relinquished 59 ** What Is Realized 60 * THE QUALITIES OF THE PATH OF JUNCTION63 *** ''1.5.2.6. Stating its qualities''63 * THE FUNCTION OF THE PATH OF JUNCTION64 *** ''1.5.2.7. Its function''64 * THE SEMANTIC EXPLANATION OF THE PATH OF JUNCTION65 *** ''1.5.2.8. Teaching its semantic explanation''65 * '''''Chapter 10''''' * '''The Path of Seeing''' '''67''' *** ''1.5.3. The path of seeing''67 * THE DEFINITION OF THE PATH OF SEEING67 *** ''1.5.3.1. Setting up its definition''67 * THE ILLUSTRATION OF THE PATH OF SEEING69 *** ''1.5.3.2. Identifying its illustration''69 * THE EXTENSIVE CLASSIFICATION OF THE PATH OF SEEING70 *** ''1.5.3.3. The extensive classification''70 * THE NATURE OF THE PATH OF SEEING71 *** ''1.5.3.4. Determining its nature''71 ** The Way in Which the Factors to be Relinquished Through Seeing Are Relinquished72 *** ''1.5.3.4.1. The presentation of the way in which the factors to be relinquished through seeing are relinquished''72 ** The Definition of the Factors to be Relinquished72 *** ''1.5.3.4.1.1. The definition of the factors to be relinquished''72 ** The Extensive Classification of the Factors to be Relinquished73 *** ''1.5.3.4.1.2. The extensive classification of the factors to be relinquished''73 *** ''1.5.3.4.1.2.1. The classification of their entity''74 *** ''1.5.3.4.1.2.2. The classification of the way of relinquishment''76 ** The Way in Which the Factors to be Relinquished Are Relinquished78 * ''1.5.3.4.1.3. The way in which the factors to be relinquished are relinquished''78 ** The Way in Which the Path of Seeing Arises82 *** ''1.5.3.4.2. The presentation of the way in which the path of seeing arises''82 ** The Psychophysical Supports in Which It Arises82 *** ''1.5.3.4.2.1. The (psychophysical) supports in which it arises''82 ** The Grounds on Which It Relies83 *** ''1.5.3.4.2.2. The grounds on which it relies''83 ** The Ways of Realization 85 *** ''1.5.3.4.2.3. The ways of realization''85 ** From How Many Moments It Arises87 *** ''1.5.3.4.2.4. (The issue) from how many moments it arises''87 *** ''1.5.3.4.2.4.1. The system of the common vehicle''87 *** ''1.5.3.4.2.4.2. The uncommon system''91 * THE FEATURES OF RELINQUISHMENT & REALIZATION OF THE PATH OF SEEING93 *** ''1.5.3.5. The features of relinquishment and realization''93 ** What Is Relinquished 93 ** What Is Realized 94 * THE QUALITIES OF THE PATH OF SEEING96 *** ''1.5.3.6. Stating its qualities''96 * THE FUNCTION OF THE PATH OF SEEING99 *** ''1.5.3.7. Its function''99 * THE SEMANTIC EXPLANATION OF THE PATH OF SEEING99 *** ''1.5.3.8. Teaching its semantic explanation''99 * '''''Chapter 11''''' * '''The Path of Meditation''''''103''' *** ''1.5.4. The path of meditation''103 * THE DEFINITION OF THE PATH OF MEDITATION103 *** ''1.5.4.1. Setting up its definition''103 * THE ILLUSTRATION OF THE PATH OF MEDITATION104 *** ''1.5.4.2. Identifying its illustration''104 * THE EXTENSIVE CLASSIFICATION OF THE PATH OF MEDITATION108 *** ''1.5.4.3. The extensive classification''108 ** The Mundane Path of Meditation109 *** ''1.5.4.3.1. The mundane path of meditation''109 ** The Supramundane Path of Meditation109 *** ''1.5.4.3.2. The supramundane path of meditation''109 ** Classification Through Its Psychophysical Supports110 ** Classification Through the Factors to be Relinquished111 ** Classification Through the Paths111 ** Classification Through Its Entity112 ** Classification Through Familiarization112 * THE NATURE OF THE PATH OF MEDITATION113 *** ''1.5.4.4. Determining its nature''113 ** The Factors to be Relinquished Through Meditation113 *** ''1.5.4.4.1. The way in which the factors to be relinquished through meditation are relinquished''113 *** The Definition of the Factors to be Relinquished Through Meditation114 *** Their Extensive Classification116 *** The Way in Which They Are Relinquished Through the Remedies117 ** The Arising of the Path of Meditation118 *** ''1.5.4.4.2. The way in which the path of meditation arises''118 *** The Psychophysical Supports in Which It Arises118 *** The Grounds on Which It Relies119 *** The Objects on Which It Focuses120 * THE FEATURES OF RELINQUISHMENT & REALIZATION ON THE PATH OF MEDITATION121 *** ''1.5.4.5. The features of relinquishment and realization''121 ** What is Relinquished 122 ** What is Realized 122 * THE QUALITIES OF THE PATH OF MEDITATION124 *** ''1.5.4.6. Stating its qualities''124 * THE FUNCTION OF THE PATH OF MEDITATION125 *** ''1.5.4.7. Its function''125 * THE SEMANTIC EXPLANATION OF THE PATH OF MEDITATION126 *** ''1.5.4.8. Teaching its semantic explanation''126 * '''''Chapter 12''''' * '''The Path of Completion''' '''129''' *** ''1.5.5. The path of completion''129 * THE DEFINITION OF THE PATH OF COMPLETION129 *** ''1.5.5.1. Setting up its definition''129 * THE ILLUSTRATION OF THE PATH OF COMPLETION131 *** ''1.5.5.2. Identifying its illustration''131 * THE EXTENSIVE CLASSIFICATION OF THE PATH OF COMPLETION131 *** ''1.5.5.3. The extensive classification''131 ** The Classification of the Three Vehicles132 ** The Classification of the Two Paths132 ** The Classification of the Three Grounds132 ** Two Other Distinctive Features132 ** The Ten Dharmas of No More Learning134 ** The Five Uncontaminated Aggregates135 * THE NATURE OF THE PATH OF COMPLETION136 *** ''1.5.5.4. Determining its nature''136 ** The Psychophysical Supports in Which It Arises & The Grounds It Relies on136 ** The Objects It Focuses on 137 * THE FEATURES OF RELINQUISHMENT & REALIZATION OF THE PATH OF COMPLETION138 *** ''1.5.5.5. The features of relinquishment and realization''138 ** What is Relinquished 139 ** What is Realized 139 * THE QUALITIES OF THE PATH OF COMPLETION140 *** ''1.5.5.6. Stating its qualities''140 * THE FUNCTION OF THE PATH OF COMPLETION141 *** ''1.5.5.7. Its function''141 * THE SEMANTIC EXPLANATION OF THE PATH OF COMPLETION141 *** ''1.5.5.8. Teaching its semantic explanation''141 <center>'''THE PRESENTATION OF GROUNDS'''</center> * '''''Chapter 13''''' * '''The Presentation of Grounds''''''143''' * '''''Chapter 14''''' * '''The Two Grounds''''''149''' *** ''2. Teaching the presentation of the grounds''149 *** ''2.1. The presentation as two grounds''149 *** ''2.1.1. The brief introduction''149 * THE GROUNDS FREE FROM ATTACHMENT150 *** ''2.1.2. The detailed explanation''150 *** ''2.1.2.1. The grounds free from attachment''150 ** The Ground of Fully Seeing What is White151 ** The Ground of Disposition 152 ** The Eighth Ground 152 ** The Ground of Seeing 153 ** The Ground of Diminishment 153 ** The Ground of Freedom From Desire153 ** The Ground of Realizing Completion153 ** The Ground of Hearers154 ** The Ground of Solitary Realizers155 * THE BUDDHA GROUNDS 156 *** ''2.1.2.2. The Buddha grounds''156 * THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE TWO157 *** ''2.2. Teaching the differences between these two''157 ** The Difference of Miraculous Powers158 ** The Difference of Supernatural Knowledges158 ** The Difference of Realization 158 ** The Difference of Meditation 159 ** The Difference of Seeing 159 ** The Difference of Language, Teaching the Dharma, and Promoting Welfare161 ** The Difference of Nirvāṇa 162 * '''''Chapter 15''''' * '''The Detailed Explanation of the Buddha Grounds''''''165''' *** ''2.3. The detailed explanation of the Buddha grounds''165 * THE ENTITY OF GROUND 165 *** ''2.3.1. The entity of ground''165 * THE ILLUSTRATION OF THE BUDDHA GROUNDS166 *** ''2.3.2. The illustration'' 166 * THE SEMANTIC EXPLANATION OF THE BUDDHA GROUNDS166 *** ''2.3.3. The semantic explanation''166 * THE CLASSIFICATION OF THE BUDDHA GROUNDS168 *** ''2.3.4. The classifications''168 ** The Classification in Terms of Beings and Noble Ones168 *** The Grounds of Ordinary Worldly Beings169 *** The Supramundane Grounds170 ** The Classification in Terms of the Ways of Attainment170 ** The Classification in Terms of the Ways of Accomplishment172 ** The Classification in Terms of Pride173 * '''''Chapter 16''''' * '''The Special Explanation of the Buddha Grounds''''''175''' *** ''2.3.5. The special explanation of the grounds of the uncommon great vehicle''175 * THE ENTITIES & SEMANTIC EXPLANATION OF THE NAMES175 *** ''2.3.5.1. The entities and semantic explanations of the names''175 * THE THOROUGH PURIFICATIONS177 *** ''2.3.5.2. The thorough purifications and where one is transferred to''177 * THE PRACTICES & PERSONS ON THE TEN BHŪMIS179 *** ''2.3.5.3. The practices and persons''179 ** The Ten Pāramitā Practices 181 ** Persons With Pure View 181 * THE THREE TRAININGS & THE FIVE AGGREGATES184 *** ''2.3.5.4. The three trainings and the aggregates''184 ** The Three Trainings 184 ** The Five Pure Aggregates 187 * PURITY, RELINQUISHMENT, & REALIZATION188 *** ''2.3.5.5. Complete purities, relinquishments, and realizations''188 ** The Progressive Purification of the Ten Bhūmis188 ** The Factors to be Relinquished on Paths of Seeing and Meditation189 ** The Realization of the Ten Bhūmis191 * THE QUALITIES OF THE TEN BHUMIS195 *** ''2.3.5.6. The differences in terms of qualities and arising''195 * HOW BODHISATTVAS ARE REBORN198 ** Rebirth Through Influence 198 ** Rebirth Through Complete Maturation200 * '''''Chapter 17''''' * '''Why the Grounds Are Ten''''''201''' *** ''2.3.6. The reason why the number of the grounds is definitely ten''201 <center>'''THE PRESENTATION OF RESULTS'''</center> * '''''Chapter 18''''' * '''The Presentation of Results''''''205''' *** Determining the results of the vehicle of characteristics205 * '''''Chapter 19''''' * '''The Three Nirvāṇas''''''207''' *** ''1. The general explanation of nirvāṇa, the result of the three vehicles''207 ** Natural Nirvāṇa 208 ** The Nirvāṇa of Cessation 209 *** The Nominal Nirvāṇa of Cessation210 *** The Actual Nirvāṇa of Cessation210 ** Partially Incomplete & Complete Actual Cessations211 ** Nonabiding Nirvāṇa 212 * '''''Chapter 20''''' * '''The Special Explanation of Buddhahood''''''213''' *** ''2. The special explanation of Buddhahood, the result of the great vehicle''213 *** ''2.1. The nature of Buddhahood''213 ** The Terminological Meaning of Buddhahood215 *** ''2.2. The terminological meaning of this name''215 * '''''Chapter 21''''' * '''The Three Kāyas''''''217''' *** ''2.3. The way in which the activity of enlightened bodies is accomplished''217 ** The Causes of the Three Kāyas217 *** ''2.3.1. The teaching about the connection in terms of what is accomplished from which causes''217 ** The Accumulations of Merit & Wisdom218 ** The Great Akaniṣhṭha221 *** ''2.3.2. The explanation of the distinctive features of how this is accomplished in certain places''221 ** How the Form Kāyas Manifest 223 ** Why the Kāyas Are Three 223 ** The Detailed Explanation of the Three Kāyas225 *** ''2.3.3. The detailed explanation of the result that is accomplished''225 *** ''2.3.3.1. The explanation of the support, the enlightened bodies''225 *** ''2.3.3.1.1. The definitions and other (related topics)''225 * '''''Chapter 22''''' * '''The Dharmakāya''''''227''' *** ''2.3.3.1.1.1. The Dharma Body''227 *** ''2.3.3.1.1.1.1. The meaning of the term and the definition''227 ** The Eight Defining Characteristics229 ** The Twofold Classification 230 *** ''2.3.3.1.1.1.2. Its classification as different enlightened bodies''230 * '''''Chapter 23''''' * '''The Sambhogakāya''''''231''' ** The Meaning of Sambhogakāya231 *** ''2.3.3.1.1.2. The Enjoyment Body''231 *** ''2.3.3.1.1.2.1. The meaning of the term and the definition''231 ** The Definition of Sambhogakāya232 ** The Eight Characteristics & Five Certainties233 ** Classifications of Sambhogakāya234 *** ''2.3.3.1.1.2.2. The classification''234 ** How Sambhogakāyas Appear 235 * '''''Chapter 24''''' * '''The Nirmāṇakāya''' '''239''' ** The Meaning & Definition of Nirmāṇakāya239 *** ''2.3.3.1.1.3. The Emanation Body''239 *** ''2.3.3.1.1.3.1. The meaning of the term and the definition''239 ** The Eight Characteristics of a Nirmāṇakāya240 ** Classifications of Nirmāṇakāya242 *** ''2.3.3.1.1.3.2. The classification''242 * '''''Chapter 25''''' * '''The Intention of the Uttaratantra''''''245''' *** ''2.3.3.1.1.4. Teaching the intention of The Sublime Continuum as a supplementary topic''245 ** The Perfection of Genuine Purity245 ** The Perfection of Genuine Identity246 ** The Perfection of Genuine Bliss247 ** The Perfection of Genuine Permanence247 ** The Enlightened Body of a Buddha248 ** The Five Defining Characteristics248 * '''''Chapter 26''''' * '''The Distinctive Features of the Three Kāyas''''''251''' *** ''2.3.3.1.2. The explanation of the distinctive features of the three enlightened bodies''251 *** ''2.3.3.1.2.1. The distinctive feature of equality''251 *** ''2.3.3.1.2.2. The distinctive feature of permanence''252 *** ''2.3.3.1.2.3. The distinctive feature of appearance''252 * '''''Chapter 27''''' * '''The Five Wisdoms''''''255''' *** ''2.3.3.2. The explanation of the supported, the wisdoms''255 *** ''2.3.3.2.1. The detailed classification''255 *** ''2.3.3.2.2. The meanings of the terms and their entities''256 ** Dharmadhātu Wisdom 256 *** ''2.3.3.2.2.1. The explanation of the meaning of the expanse of dharmas''256 ** Mirrorlike Wisdom 258 *** ''2.3.3.2.2.2. The explanation of the meaning of mirrorlike''258 ** The Wisdom of Equality 259 *** ''2.3.3.2.2.3. The explanation of the meaning of equality''259 ** Discriminating Wisdom 260 *** ''2.3.3.2.2.4. The explanation of the meaning of all-discriminating''260 ** All-Accomplishing Wisdom 261 *** ''2.3.3.2.2.5. The explanation of the meaning of all-accomplishing''261 ** The Causes of the Five Wisdoms262 *** ''2.3.3.2.3. The causes through which they are accomplished''262 ** The Five Wisdoms & the Eight Consciousnesses263 *** ''2.3.3.2.4. The ways of changing state''263 ** The Five Wisdoms & the Three Kāyas265 *** ''2.3.3.2.5. The way in which they are related to the enlightened bodies together with their way of knowing'' 265 ** The Way in Which Buddhas Know265 * '''''Chapter 28''''' * '''The Qualities of Freedom & Maturation''''''269''' *** ''2.3.3.3. The explanation of the qualities of freedom and complete maturation''269 *** ''2.3.3.3.1. The brief introduction''269 *** ''2.3.3.3.2. The detailed explanation''270 * THE QUALITIES OF FREEDOM270 * ''2.3.3.3.2.1. The qualities of freedom''270 ** The Thirty-Two Qualities 271 *** ''2.3.3.3.2.1.1. The thirty-two (qualities) as per the intention of The Sublime Continuum''271 *** ''2.3.3.3.2.1.1.1. Connection through a brief introduction''271 *** ''2.3.3.3.2.1.1.2. The detailed commentary on their meaning''271 ** The Ten Powers 271 *** ''2.3.3.3.2.1.1.2.1. The ten powers''271 ** The Four Fearlessnesses 273 *** ''2.3.3.3.2.1.1.2.2. The four fearlessnesses''273 * The Eighteen Unique Qualities274 *** ''2.3.3.3.2.1.1.2.3. The eighteen unique qualities''274 ** The Twenty-One Uncontaminated Qualities278 *** ''2.3.3.3.2.1.2.2. The twenty-one uncontaminated groups (of qualities) as per the intention of The Ornament of Clear Realization''278 * THE QUALITIES OF COMPLETE MATURATION283 *** ''2.3.3.3.2.2. The explanation of the qualities of complete maturation''283 *** ''2.3.3.3.2.2.1. The brief introduction''283 *** ''2.3.3.3.2.2.2. The detailed explanation''283 *** ''2.3.3.4. The explanation of the enlightened activity that is performed''289 *** ''2.3.3.4.1. The detailed explanation of the seven points of activity''290 *** ''2.3.3.4.2. Their summary in two points''291 * '''Chart I: The factors to be relinquished through seeing and meditation according to the great vehicle'''293 * '''Chart II: The factors to be relinquished through seeing and meditation according to the vehicle of the hearers'''295

Contributions to the Development of Tibetan Buddhist Epistemology +

* PREFACEVII * INTRODUCTION1 * CHAPTER 1. RNGOG LO-TSĀ-BA BLO-LDAN SHES-RAB AND THE RNGOG-LUGS OF EPISTEMOLOGY29 * CHAPTER 2. PHYA-PA CHOS-KYI SENG.-GE AND THE TSHAD-MA BSDUS-PA YID-KYI MUN-SEL59 * CHAPTER 3. SA-SKYA PANDXTA KUN-DGA' RGYAL-MTSHAN AND THE TSHAD MA RIGS-PA'I-GTER97 * CHAPTER 4. A TOPICAL OUTLINE OF GO-RAM-PA'S PRAMĀNAVĀRTTIKA COMMENTARY THE "RADIANT LIGHT OF SAMANTABHADRA"116 * BIBLIOGRAPHIES241 * NOTES257 * INDICES317 * ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS330 +

Counsels from My Heart +

** Preface by Kyabje Trulshik Rinpocheix ** Translator's Notexi ** Acknowledgementsxv * 1 The Buddhadharma1 * 2 The Essence of the Path27 * 3 The Long Oral Lineage of the Nyingmapas31 * 4 Practicing the Teachings without Sectarian Bias47 * 5 An Introduction to the Bardo59 * 6 Magical Nectar77 * 7 Heart Jewel of the Fortunate83 * 8 An Aspiration to the Great Perfection89 * 9 The Life Story of Dudjom Rinpoche91 ** Glossary95 ** Notes107 +

Creation and Completion (2002) +

* Foreword vii * Preface ix * Technical Note xi * Introduction 1 ** Buddhism 2 ** Three Turnings of the Wheel of Dharma 2 ** Buddhism in Tibet 6 ** Deity Practice 7 ** The Guru 11 ** Creation Stage 13 ** Completion Stage 16 ** Jamgön Kongtrul 20 ** Literary Works 24 * The Root Text in Tibetan and English 27 ** The Essential Points of Creation and Completion That Will Benefit the Beginner Who Has Entered the Path 29 * Commentary by Khenchen Thrangu Rinpoche 83 ** Introduction 83 ** Essential Points for Approaching the Path 84 ** Essential Points for Traversing the Path 94 ** Purification 106 ** The Emergence of Confusion 120 ** Working with Confusion 134 ** Cultivating Lucidity 141 * Notes 155 * Bibliography 177 * Index 181 +