On Supreme Bliss: A Study of the History and Interpretation of the Cakrasaṃvara Tantra
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***{{i|1. Hegemonic and Counter-Hegemonic Ideologies|153}} | ***{{i|1. Hegemonic and Counter-Hegemonic Ideologies|153}} | ||
***{{i|2. Myth, Counter-myth and Ritual|161}} | ***{{i|2. Myth, Counter-myth and Ritual|161}} | ||
− | ***{{i|3. On Dissent, Protest and Counter-Culture: Resistance or Reproduction?|178}} | + | ***{{i|3. On Dissent, Protest and Counter-Culture: Resistance or<br> Reproduction?|178}} |
**2. The Practice of Dissent | **2. The Practice of Dissent | ||
***{{i|1. Heresies|193}} | ***{{i|1. Heresies|193}} | ||
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****{{i|1. Liminal Persons|200}} | ****{{i|1. Liminal Persons|200}} | ||
****{{i|2. Liminal Places|223}} | ****{{i|2. Liminal Places|223}} | ||
− | + | **3. Cosmic Mastery: Visions of Authority Within and Beyond the World | |
− | ***{{i|1. Cosmology and | + | ***{{i|1. Cosmology and Awakening|240}} |
***{{i|2. The Collapse of Time and Space in the Maṇḍala|250}} | ***{{i|2. The Collapse of Time and Space in the Maṇḍala|250}} | ||
***3. Mastery in and of the World | ***3. Mastery in and of the World | ||
****{{i|1. The Guru, the King and the Maṇḍala|262}} | ****{{i|1. The Guru, the King and the Maṇḍala|262}} | ||
− | ****{{i|2. Lineage and the Transmission of Alternate Modes of Authority|280}} | + | ****{{i|2. Lineage and the Transmission of Alternate Modes of<br> Authority|280}} |
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*{{i|4. Revelation and Taxonomy: Categorizing Tantric Literature|293}} | *{{i|4. Revelation and Taxonomy: Categorizing Tantric Literature|293}} | ||
**1. Modes of Tantric Discourse | **1. Modes of Tantric Discourse | ||
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***{{i|3. Secondary Revelation|309}} | ***{{i|3. Secondary Revelation|309}} | ||
***{{i|4. Secondary Exegesis|313}} | ***{{i|4. Secondary Exegesis|313}} | ||
− | 2. Tantric Doxography | + | **2. Tantric Doxography |
− | 1. Compilations 314 | + | ***{{i|1. Compilations|314}} |
− | 2. Classification Schemes 319 | + | ***{{i|2. Classification Schemes|319}} |
− | 3. Tantric Taxonomy and Early Medieval Indian Society 348 | + | **{{i|3. Tantric Taxonomy and Early Medieval Indian Society|348}} |
− | 5. Tantric Historiography | + | |
− | + | *5. Tantric Historiography | |
− | 2. Modem Chronologies 389 | + | **{{i|1. Traditional Histories|364}} |
+ | **{{i|2. Modem Chronologies|389}} | ||
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+ | *6. The Cakrasaṃvara Tantra and the Origins of Heruka | ||
+ | **1. The Texts of the Cakrasamvara Tantra | ||
+ | ***{{i|1. Description of Texts |431}} | ||
+ | ***{{i|2. Survey of Contents|438}} | ||
+ | **2. A Geneology of the Cakrasaṃvara Tantra | ||
+ | ***{{i|1. Buddhist Sources|446}} | ||
+ | ***{{i|2. Hindu Sources|464}} | ||
+ | **3. Heruka | ||
+ | ***{{i|1. The Origin of Heruka|473}} | ||
+ | ***{{i|2. The Purification of Heruka|496}} | ||
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+ | *{{i|Bibliography: Primary Sources|505}} | ||
+ | *{{i|Bibliography: Secondary Sources|525}} | ||
− | + | *{{i|Appendix A: An Edition of the Cakrasaṃvara Tantra, Chapters One to Four|588}} | |
− | + | *{{i|Appendix B: A Translation of the Cakrasrupvara TantTai Chapters One to<br> Four|614}} | |
− | + | *{{i|Appendix C: Tsongkhapa's ''Total Illumination of the Hidden Meaning'', Ch. 1-4|622}} | |
− | + | *{{i|Appendix D: Sumatikīrti's ''Laghusaṃvaratantrapaṭalābhisandhi''|760}} | |
− | + | *{{i|Appendix E: Cakrasamvara Lineage Lists|765}} | |
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− | Appendix A: An Edition of the | ||
− | Appendix B: A Translation of the Cakrasrupvara TantTai Chapters One to Four 614 | ||
− | Appendix C: Tsongkhapa's Total Illumination of the Hidden Meaning, Ch. 1-4 622 | ||
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Latest revision as of 12:40, 3 July 2023
Abstract
This thesis explores the development of an important Indian Buddhist scripture. the Cakrasaṃvara Tantra, and the tradition of exegesis and practice based upon it. It consists of an edition and translation of the first four chapters of the Cakrasaṃvara Tantra, as well as a translation of the corresponding portion of Tsongkhapa's Total Illumination of the Hidden Meaning, a Tibetan commentary on this scripture. These texts are contextualized via efforts to define "Tantric Buddhism" as it is understood by the tradition itself, and via explorations of both the intellectual and socio-historical contexts within which Tantric Buddhism developed, and the ways in which different subtraditions within it were elaborated and categorized.
It is argued that a common element of Tantric traditions is their resistance to the hegemonic ideology of caste. An exploration of this ideology and Buddhist resistance to it is undertaken. Tantric discourse was deployed as a form of resistance against caste ideology, but also constituted a counter ideology, which centered around the figure of the guru as a nexus of power and authority, and articulated in the model of the maṇḍala.
The Cakrasaṃvara Tantra, is notable for the strong presence of "non-Buddhist elements." The Cakrasaṃvara Tantra, is a composite text drawing from diverse sources, and while it probably reached its final form in a Buddhist monastic context, there is significant textual evidence suggesting that it was the product of a non-monastic, renunciant milieu in which sectarian identification was not particularly relevant. The Cakrasaṃvara Tantra, is, in Levi Strauss' terms, a bricolage. It provides a particularly striking example of the processes of adaptation and reinterpretation which have continually led to the development of religious traditions. The Cakrasaṃvara's identification as a Buddhist tradition was the result of the efforts of commentators in India who constructed it as such, and by Tibetan commentators, who completed this process of adaptation.
Citation | Gray, David Barton. "On Supreme Bliss: A Study of the History and Interpretation of the Cakrasaṃvara Tantra." PhD diss., Columbia University, 2001. |
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