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Key Terms/gzhan stong + (The state of being devoid of that which is … The state of being devoid of that which is wholly different rather than being void of its own nature. The term is generally used to refer to the ultimate, or buddha-nature, being empty of other phenomena such as adventitious defiling emotions but not empty of its true nature.emotions but not empty of its true nature.)
Key Terms/śūnyatā + (The state of being empty of an innate nature due to a lack of independently existing characteristics.)
Key Terms/rang stong + (The state of being empty of self, which references the lack of inherent existence in relative phenomena.)
Key Terms/niḥsvabhāvatā + (The state of lacking a truly independent existence.)
Key Terms/Great Madhyamaka + (The term ''Great Madhyamaka'' is utilized … The term ''Great Madhyamaka'' is utilized in different contexts depending on the tradition. In the Jonang tradition, it generally refers to the Zhentong Madhyamaka philosophy as it was developed and systematized by Dölpopa. In this context, the Great Madhyamaka refers to the presentation of ultimate truth, while Madhyamaka describes the emptiness of the relative level of truth. In the Nyingma tradition, Great Madhyamaka refers to the subtle, inner Madhyamaka that unifies the philosophical positions of Nāgārjuna and Asaṅga. This is presented in opposition to the coarse, outer Madhyamaka that is the dialectic approach of Prāsaṅgika and Svātantrika. In the Kagyu tradition, the term is used in a similar vein in that Madhyamaka is used to refer to philosophical inquiry, while Great Madhyamaka is used to refer to the view arrived at through yogic accomplishment. However, in all of these traditions, Great Madhyamaka is heavily associated with buddha-nature (''tathāgatagarbha'') and the definitive status of these teachings. the definitive status of these teachings.)
Key Terms/pariniṣpannasvabhāva + (The third of the three natures, according … The third of the three natures, according to the Yogācāra school. It is the perfect nature that represents the most authentic understanding of phenomena, which is classically defined as the complete absence of the imaginary nature within the dependent nature.ginary nature within the dependent nature.)
Key Terms/trikāya + (The three enlightened forms of a buddha on … The three enlightened forms of a buddha one attains when one becomes fully enlightened. They include the truth body (''dharmakāya''), enjoyment body (''saṃbhogakāya''), and the emanation body (''nirmāṇakāya''). The three bodies comprise the many qualities and powers associated with buddhahood and thus are the result sought through Mahāyāna Buddhist practice.sought through Mahāyāna Buddhist practice.)
Key Terms/triviṣa + (The three poisons are a reference to the a … The three poisons are a reference to the afflictive emotions of ''rāga'' (Tib. '' 'dod chags''), ''dveṣa'' (Tib. ''zhe sdang''), and ''moha'' (Tib. ''gti mug''). These three detrimental states or afflictive behavioral patterns are difficult to definitively translate, and thus there are several common English variations of this group of three, such as desire, aggression, and bewilderment, or attachment, aversion, and delusion. It is useful to think of these three as a process that involves our insatiable urge to possess that which we desire and the ensuing aggravation that arises when we don't get what we want or have what we don't want forced upon us. Yet we are oblivious to the futility of these conditioned responses due to our lack of discernment, and thus we mindlessly continue to get caught up in this causal nexus.nue to get caught up in this causal nexus.)
Key Terms/dharmatā + (The true nature of phenomenal existence.)
Key Terms/Mahāyoga + (This is first one of the inner tantric sch … This is first one of the inner tantric schools according to the Nyingma tradition. Mahāyoga includes two sub-sections of the tantras which includes eighteen tantras and the sādhanās that includes the eight sādhanā practices. Mahāyoga focuses on the Development Stage and espouses the view of equality and purity in which equality refers to equal nature of phenomena in being empty and purity refers to all appearances being inherently enlightened energies. The Mahāyoga path leads to four stages of vidyadharas. path leads to four stages of vidyadharas.)
Key Terms/'jog sgom + (This is the meditation of directly observing the mind without engaging in any analytical or intellectual activity. (Thrangu Rinpoche, ''Transcending Ego'', 102).)
Key Terms/Mahāyānottaratantraśāstravyākhyā + (This is the title of Asaṅga's commentary to the ''Gyü Lama'' that is given by Tibetan sources instead of the ''Ratnagotravibhāgavyākhyā''.)
Key Terms/byams chos sde lnga + (This refers to a series of five texts that, according to the Tibetan tradition, Asaṅga received directly from Maitreya in the pure realm of Tuṣita.)
Key Terms/ātman + (Though it can simply be used as the expres … Though it can simply be used as the expression "I" or "me", in Indian thought the notion of self refers to a permanent, unchanging entity, such as that which passes from life to life in the case of people, or the innate essence (''svabhāva'') of phenomena.nnate essence (''svabhāva'') of phenomena.)
Key Terms/Cittamātra + (Though it is sometimes used synonymously w … Though it is sometimes used synonymously with Yogācāra, it is in fact one of the more prominent philosophical theories associated with this school. It asserts that the objects in the external world with which we interact are actually mentally created representations appearing as those objects. The character of these perceptions is predetermined by our own karmic conditioning that is stored in the ālayavijñāna.ioning that is stored in the ālayavijñāna.)
Key Terms/tridharmacakrapravartana + (Three successive stages of the Buddhist te … Three successive stages of the Buddhist teachings. Though they are traditionally attributed to the historical Buddha, modern scholarship tends to view them as developmental stages that occurred over the course of an extended period of time, with interludes of several centuries, in which we see major doctrinal shifts often based on seemingly newly emergent scriptural sources.emingly newly emergent scriptural sources.)
Key Terms/TR + (Tibetan Review)

Key Terms/Triṃś + (Triṃśikā)

Key Terms/Tsen Tradition + (Tsen Khawoche's "meditative tradition" of exegesis of the ''Uttaratantra''; it is one of two major Tibetan traditions of exegesis, both stemming from students of Sajjana.)
Key Terms/UPS + (Ugraparipṛcchāsūtra)
Key Terms/VV + (Vigrahavyāvartanī)
Key Terms/VN + (Vimalakīrtinirdeśa)
Key Terms/vinaya + (Vinaya refers to the corpus of Buddhist te … Vinaya refers to the corpus of Buddhist teachings on moral discipline and precepts and is one of the three canonical sets of teachings alongside Sūtra and Abhidharma. It also refers to the monastic tradition which has been passed down since the Buddha's time until our time.wn since the Buddha's time until our time.)
Key Terms/WSTB + (Wiener Studien zur Tibetologie und Buddhismuskunde - Vienna: Arbeitskreis für Tibetische und Buddhistische Studien.)
Key Terms/WZKSOA + (Wiener Zeitschrift für die Kunde Süd-und Ostasiens)
Key Terms/WZKS + (Wiener Zeitschrift für die Kunde Südasiens)
Key Terms/WZKM + (Wiener Zeitschrift für die Kunde des Morgenlandes)
Key Terms/ZDMG + (Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenlandischen Gesselschaft)
Key Terms/ZAS + (Zentralasiatische Studien)
Key Terms/OAW + (Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften)
Key Terms/ŚP + (Śata-Piṭaka Series)
Key Terms/Śata + (Śatasāhasrikāprajñāpāramitā)
Key Terms/Śikṣ + (Śikṣāsamuccaya)
Key Terms/SMD + (Śrīmālādevīsiṃhanādasūtra)