Early Ch'an in China and Tibet

Book

Ch'an (Zen) Buddhism was popularized in the West by writers such as D.T. Suzuki and Alan Watts as a kind of 'romantic abstraction' outside of history. The papers in this volume, originally presented at a unique conference sponsored by U.C. Berkeley and the San Francisco Zen Center, go a long way towards revealing the complex historical development of Ch'an theory and practice both in China and Tibet.
      The papers on China reveal Ch' an not as a single line of transmission from Bodhidharma, but as a complex of contending and even hostile factions. Furthermore, the view which sees Ch'an as the sinicization of Buddhism through Taoism is questioned through an examination of the Taoism that was actually prevalent during the establishment of Ch' an in China.
      The papers on Tibet take us to the heart of the controversies surrounding the origins of Buddhism in that country, based on exciting research into the Tunhuang materials, the indigenous rDzogs-chen system, and the 'Sudden vs. Gradual Enlightenment' controversy.
      Of particular note in this volume is the inclusion of several translations of papers by noted Japanese scholars who have led the way in this type of research, made available to the Western reader for the first time. (Source: inside jacket)

Citation	Lai, Whalen, and Lewis R. Lancaster, eds. Early Ch’an in China and Tibet. Berkeley Buddhist Studies Series 5. Berkeley, CA: Asian Humanities Press, 1983.

Foreword
Preface
Contributors
Abbreviations

I. CHINA

a. State of Scholarship
New Japanese Studies in Early Ch'an History1

Philip Yampolsky

b. Formative Period
The Li-tai fa-pao chi and the Ch'an Doctrine of Sudden Awakening13

Yanagida Seizan

Seng-ch'ou's Method of Dhyana51

Jan Yiin-hua

T'an-ch'ien and the Early Ch'an Tradition: Translation and Analysis of the Essay "Wangshih-fei-Iun" 65 Whalen W. Lai The Teachings of the Fourth Ch'an Patriarch Tao-hsin (580-651) 89 David W. Chappell The Concept of Ii nien ("being free from thinking,,) in the Northern Line of Ch'an Buddhism 131 Robert B. Zeuschner Early Hua-yen, Meditation, and Early Ch'an: Some Preliminary Considerations 149 Robert M. Gimello The Early Ch'an Monastic Rule: Ch'ing-kuei and the Shaping of Ch'an Community Life 165 Martin Collcutt c. The Developing Tradition The "Recorded Sayings" Texts of Chinese Ch'an Buddhism" 185 Yanagida Seizan Lin-chi on "Language-Dependence," An Interpretive Analysis 207 Ronald L. Burr Sinitic MaIJ.c;lalas: The Wu-wei-t'u of Ts'aoshan 229 Whalen W. Lai d. Interaction The Ambiguity of the Buddha-nature Concept in India and China 259 Andrew Rawlinson . The Problem of Desire and Emotions in Taoism and Ch'an 281 John Visvader and William C. Doub The Pure and the Impure: The Mencian Problematik in Chinese Buddhism 299 Whalen W. Lai II. TIBET a. State of Scholarship The Study of Tibetan Ch'an Manuscripts Recovered from Tun-huang: A Review of the Field and its Prospects 327 Daishun Ueyama b. Tibetan Meditation Systems and Ch 'an 'Meditation' Trends in Early Tibet 351 Herbert V. Guenther 'The Great Perfection' in the Tradition of the Bonpos 367 Per Kvaerne Indian Materials on the Doctrine of Sudden Enlightenment 393 Luis O. Gomez