Books/The Ratnagotravibhāga Mahāyānottaratantraśāstra

From Buddha-Nature



Sanskrit Text

The Ratnagotravibhāga, commonly known as the Uttaratantra, or Gyu Lama in Tibetan, is one of the main Indian scriptural sources for buddha-nature theory. It was likely composed during the fifth century, by whom we do not know. Comprised of verses interspersed with prose commentary, it systematizes the buddha-nature teachings that were circulating in multiple sūtras such as the Tathāgatagarbhasūtra, the Mahāparinirvāṇasūtra, and the Śrīmaladevisūtra. The Tibetan tradition attributes the verses to the Bodhisattva Maitreya and the commentary to Asaṅga, and treats the two as separate texts, although this division is not attested to in surviving Indian versions. The Chinese tradition attributes the text to *Sāramati (娑囉末底), but the translation itself does not include the name of the author, and the matter remains unsettled. It was translated into Chinese in the early sixth century by Ratnamati and first translated into Tibetan by Atiśa, although this text is not known to survive. Ngok Loden Sherab translated it a second time based on teachings from the Kashmiri Pandita Sajjana, and theirs remains the standard translation. It has been translated into English several times, and recently into French. See the Ratnagotravibhāgavyākhyā, read more about the Ratnagotravibhāga, or take a look at the most complete English translation in When the Clouds Part by Karl Brunnholzl.

Citation Maitreya, Asaṅga (བྱམས་པ་, ཐོགས་མེད་). Ratnagotravibhāga Mahāyānottaratantraśāstra [रत्नगोत्रविभाग महायानोत्तरतन्त्रशास्त्र]. theg pa chen po rgyud bla ma'i bstan bcos [ཐེག་པ་ཆེན་པོ་རྒྱུད་བླ་མའི་བསྟན་བཅོས།]. [The Treatise on the Ultimate Continuum of the Mahāyāna (84000)]. Translated by Sajjana, Rngog blo ldan shes rab, Ratnamati. Tengyur, RKTST 3363 http://www.rkts.org/cat.php?id=3363&typ=2.


  • Introductory Note by T. Chowdhuryi-iii
  • Forewordv-xiv
  • Abbreviationsxv
  • Correctionsxvi
  • Chapter I. : Tathāgatagarbhādhikāra1-78
  • Chapter II : Bodhyadhikāra79-90
  • Chapter II I : Guṇādhikāra91-97
  • Chapter IV : Tathāgatakṛiyakriyādhikāra98-114
  • Chapter V : Anuśaṁsādhikāra115-119
  • I. Index of Metres120
  • II. Index of Authorities121
  • III. Index of Technical Terms122-128
  • IV. Index of Rare Words and Uses129